What is Communism?
A form of socialism which advocates the violent overthrow of existing governments with the goal of changing society and ultimately perfecting mankind
What does Communism always result in?
Totalitarian dictatorship that dominates the person, property, and even thought of its citizens by means of force and terror
Who formulated the basic ideas of Communism?
Karl Marx
Who was the first to put Communism into practice on a wide scale?
Vladimir Lenin
Who organized Marx’s ideas into a pseudo-scientific format?
Friedrich Engels
What is dialectic materialism?
That nothing but the material world exists and that material conditions alone determine how a person thinks, acts, feels, and believes.
Who said “From each according to his ability, to each according to his need.”?
Karl Marx
How did Marx view history as?
As a class struggle
What did Marx call religion?
“opiate of the people”
What became the foundation of Communist ideology?
The secular humanism embraced by Marx and Engels
What is the Communist Manifesto?
A pamphlet which laid out a program for Communist revolution
What did Das Kapital offer?
Offered a theoretical foundation for Communist ideology
What is the First International?
Workingmen’s Association
Where is Kiev?
The capital of Russia
Who are the Rus?
Viking Tribe that took over ‘Russia’
What did the Rus call the land that they conquered?
“Land of the Rus”, or Russia
What is Ivan III known as?
“Ivan the Great”
How did Moscow rise to prominence?
When Russia fell into the invading Mongol hordes
Who became the first true national leader of a united Russia?
Ivan the Great
What is a czar?
Caesar
Under who’s rule did Russia embrace feudalism?
Ivan the Terrible (Ivan IV)
Who poured their energy into expanding Russia’s borders to the Black Sea?
Catherine the Great
Who build Sr. Petersburg?
Peter the Great
Who promoted colonization specifically between Alaska and the Oregon Territory?
Alexander I
Under who’s rule did Russia become the worlds largest country?
Alexander I
What caused the loss of both land and prestige in Russia?
The Crimean War
Who became known as the “Czar Liberator”?
Alexander II
Who organized pogroms?
Alexander III
What are pogroms?
Periodic, organized massacres
What is Duma?
An elected Legislative body with limited powers
Who was the leader of Russia’s Labor Party?
Alexander Kerensky
What resembled a Western representative democracy?
Provisional Government
What spurred several mutinies in the military and a general workers’ strike that paralyzed the nation?
“Bloody Sunday”
Who named himself a “prophet” of Communism?
Vladimir Lenin
Who are the Mensheviks?
The minority
Who are the Bolsheviks?
The majority
Who are the Red Guards?
A Bolshevik military force to stir up trouble
Under who’s rule did Russia become the first Communist state in history?
Lenin
What successfully toppled the Provisional Government?
The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917
During what revolution did Russia become the first communist state in history?
Bolshevik Revolution
What is Cheka?
Secret police organization
Who are the White Russians?
Those who opposed Communists
Who are the Red Russians?
Those who favored Communists
Who formed the Red Army?
Leon Trotsky
Who murdered Czar Nicholas II and his family?
Bolsheviks
What did the Third International establish?
A worldwide Communist state
Who exiled Trotsky?
Stalin
What does the USSR stand for?
“Union of Soviet Socialist Republic”
What is the “New Economic Policy”?
Lenin’s form of Communism
What attempted to centralize all of Russia’s economic assets?
“War Communism”
Who became master of the Soviet Union?
Stalin
Who became one of the most brutal rulers of all time?
Stalin
What brought all non-Russian nationalities under one centralized Communist regime?
USSR
What was the purpose of the Five Year Plan?
To transform the soviet Union from a backward agrarian country into an industrial and military superpower
What was Ukraine known for?
One of the most productive agricultural regions in the world
What is genocide?
Extermination of a political, cultural, or ethnic group
What did the Great Purge do?
It rooted out anyone who posed even the slightest threat to Stalin’s authority
Who wrote The Gulag Archipelago?
Aleksandr Solzhenits
Who/What is/are a kulak?
indpendent farmers
Who were the most targeted group in the Great Purge?
The kulaks
What was the cause of a cultural breakdown that threatened to destroy the very roots of Western Civilization?
Liberalism
Who is a liberal?
Someone who desire freedom from something or freedom to do something
What is modern liberalism?
The desire to be free from absolute standards and morals, especially those of the Scriptures
What is conservatism?
The principle or practice of conserving (preserving) established traditions or institutions and imposing changes in them
Who wrote Reflections on the French Revolution?
Edmund Burke
What is positivism?
Nothing can be known except observable scientific “facts”
What is psychology?
Study of the mind
Who discovered psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
Who founded positivism?
Auguste Comte
Who founded behavioral psychology?
J. B. Watson and B. F. Skinner
What is pragmatism?
Philosophy that idea or an action should be judged solely by its results, regardless of any moral or Scriptural considerations
What is existentialism known as?
“anti-philosophy”
What is existentialism?
There is no truth or reality
Who used the term “Leap of Faith?”
Soren Kierkegaard
Who used the phrase “Gods not dead?”
Friedrich Nietzche
Who developed “progressive education”?
John Dewey
What is “progressive education”?
A distinct turn away from traditional education
What is Humanism?
Worship of man
What does the Humanist Manifesto show?
The “faith” in humanism
What is the Humanist Manifesto II designed for?
A secular society on a planetary scale
What did the Humanist Manifesto II call for?
Called for one world order
What is “modernism”?
Religious Liberalism
What is the “social gospel”?
Viewed church’s mission as one of social reform and political action
Who was the leader of the social gospel movemet?
Albrecht Ritschl
Who is the “Prophet of the Social Gospel”?
Walter Rauschenbusch
Who is one of the social gospel’s most popular devotees?
Harry Emerson Fosdick
What is ecumenism?
Outward union of all churches, denominations, and sects into one organization regardless of doctrinal differences
Who are the “Fundamentalists”?
Christian’s who remained faithful to God’s Word
Who is the “Prince of Expositors”?
G. Campbell Morgan
Who was a Bible conference speaker throughout Britain and the United States?
W. H. Griffith Thomas
Who wrote the devotional classic My Utmost for His Highest?
Oswald Chambers
Who is the “Apostle to the Skeptics”?
R. A. Torrey
Who was an editor for The Fundamentals?
R.A. Torrey
What is impressionism?
An attempt to capture momentary, fleeting “impressions” received by the physical senses
What is cubism?
Emphasis of random geometric forms and perspectives
Who used cubism?
Pablo Picasso
Who wrote Tale of Peter Rabbit?
Beatrix Potter
What is the first modern picture book?
Tale of Peter Rabbit
Who wrote Winnie-the-Pooh and The Wind in the Willows?
Ernest H. Shepard
Who is known for illustrations?
Norman Rockwell
Who wrote of life in the communist slave-labor camps?
George Bernard Shaw
Who charged America’s industries with being “oppressors” of common workers?
Upton Sinclair
Who called small-town American society a collection of “mass-moron”?
H. L. Mencken
Who are the Socialist writers?
George Bernard Shaw H. G. Wells Upton Sinclair H. L. Mencken Sinclair Lewis
Who are the Conservative writers?
G. K. Chesterton J. R . R. Tolkien George Orwell Malcolm Muggeridge C. S. Lewis T. S. Eliot
Who wrote mystery stories, essays, and other works in moral absolutes and Christian philosophy?
G. K. Chesterton
Who wrote The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings?
J. R. R. Tolkien
Who wrote Animal Farm and 1984?
George Orwell
Who wrote about the horrors of the totalitarian state?
George Orwell
Who taught people to long for truth and goodness in his books?
J. R. R. Tolkien
Who is Britain’s great literary apologist for the Christian faith?
C. S. Lewis
Who wrote Chronicles of Narnia, Screwtape Letters, and Perelandra?
C. S. Lewis
Who wrote “Ash Wednesday” and “Journey of the Magi”?
C. S. Lewis
What renounced war as a means of settling international disputes?
Paris Peace Pact in 1928
What is inflation?
Excess of money in circulation which causes the value of money to go down and prices to go up
What is the central banking system that controls the nation’s money supply under the auspices of the federal government?
Federal Reserve System
What are stocks?
Investments or shares in some industrial or commercial company
What is speculation?
Risky investments for the chance of making a quick profit
What is “Black Tuesday”?
When the stock market crashed
What happened in 1825?
Russia becomes largest country in the world
What happened in 1848?
Marx/Engels issue The Communist Manifesto
What 5 events happened in 1917?
February Revolution Provisional Government established Nicholas II abdicates Bolshevik Revolution Lenin established Communist dictatorship in Russia
What happened in 1922?
Lenin creates Soviet Union
What happened in 1909-1915?
The Fundamentals are published
What 2 events happened in 1913?
Federal Reserve System is published
Stravinsky’s The Rite of Spring first performed in Paris
What happened in 1928?
Paris Peace Pact
What 2 events happened in 1929?
U.S. stock market crash
Great Depression begins
What 2 events happened in 1933?
“New Deal” begins in America
Humanist Manifesto published
