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Micro > Test 6 ch.19-20 > Flashcards

Test 6 ch.19-20 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

diseases caused by streptococcus pyogenes?

A

Tonsillitis
Strep throat
Scarlet Fever
Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic heart disease

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2
Q

Signs/Symptoms of tonsillitis

A

swollen tonsils with white exudate

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3
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Strep throat

A

sore throat

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4
Q

Signs/Symptoms of scarlet fever

A

strawberry tongue/ maculopapular rash

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5
Q

Signs/Symptoms of rheumatic fever

A

joint/muscle inflammation

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6
Q

Signs/Symptoms of rheumatic heart disease

A

valve damage and endocartitis

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7
Q

Group a strep =

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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8
Q

treatment for streptococcus pyogenes?

A

penicillin, no vaccine

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9
Q

stain for streptococcus pyogenes

A

gram-positive, chains of balls

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10
Q

streptococcus an alpha, beta, or gamma

A

betta

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11
Q

is streptococcus resistant, sensitive, or intermediate?

A

Bacitracin- sensitive

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12
Q

the strangler

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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13
Q

the strangler causes what kind of disease?

A

Diptheria

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14
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Diphtheria

A
  • suffocation, nerve destruction
  • exotoxins prevents ribosomal translation which causes cell death
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15
Q

vaccine and treatment for corynebacterium diphtheriae

A
  • Dtap
  • antitoxin with penicillin
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16
Q

diseases of streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Otitis Media
Bronchitis (secondary)
Typical pneumonia
meningitis

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17
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Otitis Media

A

ear pain, fluid build up behind the eardrum

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18
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Bronchitis

A

vomiting from mucus, more symptoms from primary infection

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19
Q

Signs/Symptoms of typical pneumonia

A

productive cough, chest pain, and fever

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20
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Meningitis

A

painful stiff neck, photophobia, fever

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21
Q

Vaccine and treatment for streptococcus pneumoniae

A
  • Prevnar/ Pneumovax
  • antibiotics
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22
Q

Rhinoviruses causes

A

common cold

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23
Q

signs/symptoms of rhinovirus

A

productive cough, runny nose, post-nasal drip, congestion, headache, sore throat

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24
Q

vaccine and treatment for rhinovirus?

A

No vaccine
treatment = symptom relief

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25
Adenoviruses causes
common cold- runny nose, congestion, headache viral conjunctivitis- inclusion bodies
26
Influenza virus causes and signs
Influenza- dry cough, body aches, chills, extreme fatigue
27
treatment and vaccine for influenza?
Seasonal flu vaccine treatment - antiviral medications
28
disease caused by Bordetella pertusis?
Pertussis/ Dtap vaccine
29
signs and symptoms of pertussis
-catarrhal stage: runny nose -paroxysmal stage: severe cough -recovery phase: susceptibility to other respiratory infections - pertussis exotoxins paralyzes ciliated cells in the resp tract
30
respiratory syncytial virus causes what disease and what are the signs/symptoms
- Respiratory Syncytial disease - syncytia from the fusion of infected bronchiolar and alveolar tissue - syncytial cells die and leave behind holes which causes fluid influx
31
what causes tuberculosis and what are the signs/symptoms
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - violent bloody cough, chest pain, greenish/bloody sputum, fatigue, low-grade fever, anorexia, night sweats - granulomas on chest x-rays - consumption: increased pain during rest, eating, and drinking causes "wasting"
32
Atypical pneumonia
symptoms are more systemic and do not resemble those of pneumoccal or other severe pneumonias
33
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
primary atypical cough, fever, headache, and muscle pain (no chest pain)
34
Blastomyces dermatitis
fungal exanthem, lung lesions, persistent cough, chest pains
35
how is mycoplasma pneumoniae diagnosed and treated?
-diagnosed through genotypic methods PCR, ELISA, or selective agar - broad-spectrum antibiotics
36
why is penicillin not used to treat atypical pneumoniae?
there is no cell wall
37
bacteria causing otitis media?
streptococcus pneumoniae
38
bacteria causing otis externa
staphylococcus aureus
39
organism causing pertussis
bordetella pertussis
40
3 stages of pertussis and their symptoms
1. catarrhal stage: runny nose, 1-2 weeks, very contagious 2. paroxysmal stage: 1-6 weeks but could be 10 week long, severe cough/gasping "100 day cough" 3. convalescent stage (recovery): decrease in cough over 2-3 weeks, increased risk to respiration infection if 2nd infection occurs
41
effects of pertussis toxin to the respiratory tract
paralyzes the ciliated cells, unable to move mucus causing pneumonia
42
how to test for tuberculosis
acid fast stain or granulomas in chest x-ray
43
Antigenic drift in influenza virus
mutation of spike proteins, seasonal flu strains
44
antigenic shift
exchange of RNA between different viruses (recombination), pandemic flu subtypes, only type A because it also circulates in animals (zoonotic)
45
H-spike virulence
helps the virion attach and penetrate host cells
46
N-spike virulence
helps release virions from the host cell after replication and assembly
47
what is RSV and what does it infect
-Respiratory Syncytial virus - infects bronchioles and alveoli which causes cells to fuse together into one multi-nucleated giant cell called syncytia
48
what happens in a blastomycosis infection?
caused by inhalation of fungal spores from Blastomyces dermatitidis causing lung lesions and chest pain, may spread to skin and bones
49
dental caries
tooth decay due to streptococcus mutan, S. sorbrinus, and scardovia wiggisae
50
SS of dental carries
bacteria forms a biofilm (plaque) that breaks down enamel forming holes in teeth
51
Salmonellosis caused by
salmonella enterica
52
SS and treatment of salmonellosis
-nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea -rehydration and antibiotics
53
cause of typhoid fever?
salmonella typhi transmitted by the 5F's, flies, food, fingers, feces, and fomites
54
SS and treatment for typhoid fever
-high fever, severe diarrhea, may produce rose spots on trunk -rehydration/antibiotics
55
shigellosis caused by
shigella sonnei/ shigella dysenteraie shiga toxins is the virulence
56
SS and treatment for shigellosis
bloody diarrhea, no vaccine, rehydrate
57
Escherichia coli causes
bloody diarrhea, fever, 10% leads to HUS- hemolytic uremic syndrome, causing kidney failure/damage, and anemia
58
Campylobacteriosis caused by
campylobacter jejuni
59
SS of camplylobacteriosis
long-lasting watery diarrhea and severe abdominal pain
60
Cause of pseudomembranous colitis
C. diff
61
SS of C. diff
slimy, green diarrhea with distinct cent, toxins causes necrosis throughout the colon, usually due to antibiotics killing normal flora in intestines allowing bacteria to grow
62
Causes of Cholera
Vibrio cholerae
63
SS of cholera
rice water stool, extreme fluid loss
64
causes of winter diarrhea
Rotavirus
65
SS of rotavirus and treatment
-severe and deadly in babies, diarrhea and dehydration - rotarix vaccine and rehydration
66
Causes of summer diarrhea
Norovirus, usually transmitted on cruises, highly contagious, fecal oral route
67
causes of food poisoning
staphylococcus aureus
68
SS and treatment of food poisoning
severe nausea and vomiting no vaccine, rehydrate
69
Causes of gastric ulcers
Helicobacter pylori
70
SS and treatment for gastric ulcers
-sharp, burning pain from abdomin may have bloody stool and vomiting - antacids and antibiotics
71
Hep A and E
transmitted fecal/oral through gastrointestinal tract both are acute inflammatory liver diseases Hep A has vaccine Hep is opportunistic
72
Hep B
-blood borne - HBV vaccine - may cause liver cancer with hep D
73
Hep C
-blood borne - primary reason for liver transplant in U.S. - may cause liver cancer with Hep G - no vaccine
74
Hep D and G
-bloodborne - "piggy back" viruses can cannot survive without the other hep viruses - Hep B/D - Hep C/G
75
Beef tapeworm disease cause/symptom
Taenia saginata intestine obstruction and mild diarrhea
76
Pork tapeworm disease cause/symptom
Taenia solium intestine obstruction and mild diarrhea
77
HEP is treated with
interferon
78
Tapeworm disease treated with
anthelmintics

Micro (10 decks)

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