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RTE 1513 > Test 9 > Flashcards

Test 9 Flashcards

1
Q

what pos line is perp to IR for PA Caldwell for orbits?

A

OML

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2
Q

what is CR angle for PA Caldwell for orbits (to see orbital floor)?

A

CR 30º caudad, exit nasion

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3
Q

angling CR 30º caudad to PA Caldwell for orbits, does what?

A

brings petrous ridges below orbital floors (better view of orbital floors)

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4
Q

For modified/shallow waters, OML is at what degree to the IR?

A

55º

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5
Q

what touches the bucky for a modified/shallow waters?

A

chin, lips, nose

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6
Q

what pos line is perp to IR for Modified/Shallow waters? (orbits)

A

LML

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7
Q

CR angle for modified/shallow waters?

A

CR perp, exit acanthion

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8
Q

modified/shallow waters shows what?

A

orbits with less distortion

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9
Q

what happens to the petrous ridges in the modified/shallow waters XR?

A

they are in the lower 1/2 of maxillary sinuses

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10
Q

do you extend chin for the modified/shallow waters XR?

A

no

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11
Q

For Rhese method, the MSP is at what angle to the IR?

A

53º

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12
Q

what pos line is perp to IR for Rhese method?

A

AML

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13
Q

what is the “3 point landing”?

A

chin, cheek, nose on bucky

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14
Q

head rotation for Rhese method?

A

37º toward affected side

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15
Q

CR angle for Rhese method for Optic Foramina?

A

perp to center of downside orbit

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16
Q

where is the optic foramen projected in the Rhese method?

A

lower outer quadrant

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17
Q

pt should be in what pos for Rhese method?

A

prone

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18
Q

what 2 pos lines are used in the AP modified Towne projection of TMJ?

A

OML and IOML

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19
Q

what is the CR angle for AP Modified Towne for TMJ when OML is perp to IR?

A

CR 35º caudad to 3” sup. to nasion

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20
Q

what is the CR angle for AP Modified Towne for TMJ when IOML is perp to IR?

A

CR 42º caudad to 3” sup. to nasion

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21
Q

____ & ____ _____ XR’s are required for the AP Modified Towne for TMJs

A

open & close mouth

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22
Q

an addition ___º increase in CR may best show TM fossae and TMJs in the ______________ XR

A

5º; AP Modified Towne for TMJ

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23
Q

What is the routine XR for TMJs?

A

AP Axial Modified Towne (open and closed mouth)

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24
Q

what 2 pos lines are used in the modified Schuller XR’s of TMJs?

A

IPL (perp to IR); IOML (perp to front of IR)

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25
CR angle for Modified Schuller for TMJs?
CR 25-30º caudad to 1/2" ant. & 2" sup. to EAM
26
What TMJ XR best shows mandibular condyles?
AP Modified Towne
27
Which TMJ is demonstrated in the axiolat XRs?
TMJ nearest IR
28
what does the closed mouth XR show for the modified Schuller?
condyle w/in mandibular fossa
29
what does the open mouth XR show for the modified Schuller?
condyles moves to ant. margin (articular tubercle) of fossa
30
Axiolat TMJ aka?
Modified Schuller
31
Axiolat Obl TMJ aka?
Modified Law
32
what 2 pos line's are used for Modified Law TMJ?
IPL (perp to IR); IOML (perp to front IR)
33
pt pos for Modified Law for TMJ?
(from true lat) rotate face toward IR 15º from plane of IR
34
What is required of Modified Law XRs?
open and closed mouth XRs
35
CR angle for Modified Law for TMJs?
CR 15º caudad to 1.5" sup. to upside EAM
36
what is shown in the Modified Law closed mouth XR?
condyle w/in mandibular fossa
37
what is shown in the Modifies Law open mouth XR?
condyle moves to ant. margin (articular tubercle) of mandibular fossa
38
what touch the bucky for a PA Axial Mandible XR?
forehead and nose
39
pos line used for PA Axial Mandible?
OML perp to IR
40
CR angle for PA Mandible?
CR perp to exit junction of lips
41
CR angle for PA Axial Mandible?
CR 20-25º cephalic, exit acanthion
42
what is shown on a PA Mandible?
mandibular rami and lat. portion of body
43
what is shown on a PA Axial Mandible?
TMJ area & condyle heads visible through mastoid process
44
what should you do on a PA Axial Mandible, for a true PA XR of the BODY of the mandible?
raise chin so AML is perp to IR
45
what change should be made to PA Mandible for trauma pt?
do w pt supine
46
What is the CR angle for AP Axial Towne Mandible when the OML is perp to IR?
CR 35º caudad to glabella
47
What is the CR angle for AP Axial Towne Mandible when the IOML is perp to IR?
CR 42º caudad to glabella
48
what is shown for AP Axial Towne Mandible?
bilat view of condyloid processes of mandible and TM fossae
49
what is the diff btw OML and IOML?
7º
50
(Axiolat Obl Mandible) pt erect, (from lat) head is rotated 30º toward IR to demonstrate what?
body of mandible
51
(Axiolat Obl Mandible); (from lat) head is rotated 45º toward IR to demonstrate what?
mentum of mandible
52
(Axiolat Obl Mandible) pt semi-supine, (from lat) head is rotated 10-15º toward IR to demonstrate what?
general survey of mandible
53
what are the 3 variations of CR angles that can be done for the Axiolat Obl Mandible?
1. CR 25º cephalic from IPL, 2. combo head tilt & CR angle to not exceed 25º (i.e. 15º tilt, 10º CR), 3. 25º head tilt toward CR w perp beam all to exit mandibular region
54
what indicates sufficient neck extension in the axiolat obl mandible XR?
no superimposition of C-spine by ramus
55
what indicates correct CR angle for axiolat obl mandible?
no superimposition of opp. mandible
56
what indicates correct head rotation for axiolat obl mandible?
ramus/body of mandible NOT foreshortened
57
pt pos for lat facial XR
IPL perp to IR; IOML perp to front IR
58
CR for lat facial bones?
CR perp to zygoma (midway btw outer canthus and EAM)
59
what indicates rotation in lat facial XR?
ant./post. separation of vertical bilat structures (mandibular rami, great sphenoid wings)
60
what indicates tilt in lat facial XR?
sup./inf. separation of horiz. structures (orbital roofs, greater sphenoid wings)
61
what is against the bucky for Parietoacanthial: Waters - Facial?
chin
62
what pos line is perp to IR for Waters: Facial?
MML
63
OML is at what degree to IR for Waters: Facial XRs?
37º
64
CR angle for Waters: Facial?
CR perp, exits acanthion
65
clinical indications for Waters: Facial?
tripod fracture, Le Fort fractures, foreign bodies in the eye
66
what is demonstrated in the Waters: Facial XR?
IOMs, maxillae, nasal septum, zygomatic bones/arches, ant. nasal spine
67
what indicates no rotation for Waters: Facial XR?
equal distance from midlat. orbital margin to lat cranial cortex on ea. side
68
What pos line should be perp to IR for PA Axial Caldwell - Facial?
OML
69
what is touching the bucky for PA Axial Caldwell XR's for facial bones?
nose & forehead
70
What is the CR for PA Axial Caldwell for facial bones?
CR 15º caudad, exit nasion
71
what does the PA Axial Caldwell for facial bones show?
orbital rim, maxillae. nasal septum, zygomatic bones, ant. nasal spine
72
where are the petrous ridges on a PA Axial Caldwell for facial bones, using a 15º caudad angle?
petrous ridges in lower 1/3rd of orbits
73
where are the petrous ridges on a PA Axial Caldwell for facial bones, when using a 30º caudad angle?
petrous ridges below IOM (shows orbital floors)
74
what touches the bucky on a modified waters for facial bones?
chin & nose
75
what pos line is perp to IR for modified waters for facial bones?
LML
76
the OML is at what degree to the IR on a modified waters for facial bones?
55º
77
CR for modified waters for facial bones?
CR perp, exit acanthion
78
clinical indication for modified waters for facial?
orbital fractures (blowout), foreign bodies in the eye
79
what do you see on a modified waters for facial bones?
orbital floors are perp to IR (less distorted)
80
where are the petrous ridges for a modified waters for facial?
lower 1/2 of maxillary sinuses, below IOMs
81
what pos line is parallel to IR for SMV of zygomatic arches?
IOML
82
the CR should be perp to what for an SMV of zygomatic arches?
IOML
83
CR for SMV of zygomatic arches?
CR perp to midway btw zygomatic arches, 1.5" inf. to mandibular symphysis
84
what is seen on the SMV of zygomatic arches?
zygomatic arches shown laterally from ea. mandibular ramus
85
what pos line is used for the obl inferosuperior (tangential) zygomatic arches?
IOML (should start parallel to IR)
86
pt pos for obl inferosuperior (tangential) zygomatic arches?
(starting w IOML II to IR) rotate head 15º toward affected side, and tilt chin 15º toward affected side
87
CR for obl inferosuperior (tangential) zygomatic arches?
CR perp to affected zygomatic arch
88
what do you see on an obl inferosuperior (tangential) zygomatic arches?
single zygomatic arch free of superimposition of parietal bone or mandible
89
what XR is especially useful for depressed zygomatic arches caused by trauma?
obl inferosuperior (tangential) zygomatic arches
90
what is the CR for the AP Axial Modified Towne for Zygomatic arches, when OML is perp to IR?
CR 30º caudad to 1" sup. to glabella
91
what is the CR for the AP Axial Modified Towne for Zygomatic arches, when IOML is perp to IR?
CR 37º caudad to 1" sup. to glabella
92
what is seen on the AP Axial Modified Towne for Zygomatic arches?
bilat zygomatic arches, no superimposition (symmetrical appearance of arches), w visible mastoid air cells

RTE 1513 (15 decks)

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