Flashcards in Test I Types of Fractures Deck (69)
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1
This is the MC atlas fracture
Posterior Arch fracture
2
What are the reasons the C1 spinolaminar line can be too far anterior
1. Posterior Arch Fracture
2. TAL rupture
3. Dens fracture
3
What film can confirm a posterior arch fracture
flexion/extension
4
A posterior arch fracture can also cause
an increased anterior tubercle
5
Is a posterior arch fracture usually bilateral and vertical
Yes
6
This fracture can be seen on film by noticing bilateral lateral mass offset
Jefferson's Fractures
7
This is a fracture of both the anterior and posteriro arches of C1
Jefferson's Fracture
8
If a Jefferson's fracture is combined with this, it can become unstable and compress the brain stem and can cause brain damage
torn Transverse ligament of >7mm
9
ADI range for adults
10
ADI range for kids
11
This is the best film to see an increased ADI
Flexion
12
Steele's Rule Of Thirds
Divide the atlas into thirds
1/3 cord
1/3 dens
1/3 potential space
Anterior displacement may be asymptomatic
13
This is 40-50% of all axis fractures
Odontoid Fractures
14
This type of odontoid fracture is oblique and through the tip
Type I
(Rare/Stable)
15
This type of odontoid fracture is at the base of the odontoid
Type II
(unstable)
16
This type of odontoid fracture is in the body of the C2
Type III
(unstable/stable)
17
These odontoid fractures both heal well
Type I and II
18
This odontoid fracture causes a disruption of Harris' ring
Type III
19
The ligament that can be involved with a Type I odontoid fracture
Alar ligament
20
Most old os odontoideum are old
un-unitd dens fractures
21
This fracture can cause a "fat C2 body"
Type III odontoid fracture
22
Type III odontoid fracture is best seen on this film
Lateral
23
This is a bilateral pedicle fracture of C2
Hagman's fracture
24
Hagman's fracture usually occurs from this mechanism
Hyperextension
25
This is the MC fracture of the spine we can see
Compression fracture
26
Compression fracutres have this effect on vertebral body
Decreased anterior body height
27
Compression fractures usually occur from this mechanism
Flexion
28
This fracture is when a vertebral body "explodes" into several fragments
Bursting Fracture
29
Bursting fractures are usually this type of compression
axial
30
Bursting fracctures are MC in this portion of the spine
cervicals
lumbar
31
Radiological findings of a bursting fracture on an AP view
vertical split of the body
32
Radiological findings of a bursting fracture on a lateral
comminuted body flattened centrally
33
A bowtie sign is usually associated with this
Unilateral Facet Dislocation
34
What happens to the inferior articular pillars in a unilateral facet dislocation
they go into the IVF
35
Unilateral facet dislocation is assocaited with this type of motion mechanism
flexion/extension
36
Spinous rotates to which side in a unilateral facet dislocation
to the side of dislocation
37
Hamburger sign is seen on this imaging
CT, Unilateral Facet Dislocation
38
Which films are needed to done to confirm unilateral facet dislocation
Obliques
39
Where are the MC segments for bilateral facet dislocation
C4-7
40
This is the most severe injury to the cervical spine
Flexion teardrop fracture
41
This fracture has a triangle fragment at the anterior, inferior body
Flexion teardrop
Extension teardrop
42
Flexion teardrop fracture can cause this syndrome
Anterior Cord Syndrome
43
Extension teardrop fractures usually occur at this segment
C2
44
Extension teardrop fracture has a buckling on this ligament
ligamentum flavum
45
This fracture can be seen at the base of the spinous
Clay shovelers
46
What segements are usually affected by Clay Shovelers fracture
C6-T1
47
Clay Shovelers fracture is associated with this motion mechanism
Flexion
48
Clay Shovelers fracture shows this finding on a AP film
Double Spinous Sign
49
Pillar Fractures are usually in these segments
C4-7
50
Pillar fractures are associated with this motion mechanism
Extension/Compression
51
Whiplash can affect this ligament complex
Posterior Ligament Complex
52
90% of Thoracic/Lumbar fractures are in which segments
T11
L2
53
What findings can be seen on a Thoracic/Lumbar fractures
Anterior wedging (decreased anterior height)
54
What is a zone of impaction
A dense white band just below the compresses endplate in thoracic/lumbar fractures
55
Osteoporotic Compression fractures usually occur in this demographic
Females
>50
56
Osteoporotic Compression fractures occur usually in these segments
Mid-dorsal and T/L
57
An increases in kyphosis from a Osteoporotic Compression fracture is called
Dowager's hump
58
Decreased height of the ENTIRE body is associated with this fracture
Pathological fracture
59
What are the Three diseases assoiated with pathological fractures
Osteoporosis
Multiple Myeloma
Metastasis
60
Radiological findings of Burst fractures of he T/L
Widening intrapedicular space
Posterior body convexity
61
Horizontal slitting of the arch and body is associated with this fracture
Chance/Lap Belt Fracture
62
Chance/Lap belt fracture is associated with this motion mechanism
Flexion/Distraction
63
What are the MC segments of Chance/Lap Belt fracture
L1-L3
64
Radiological finding for a Chance/Lap Belt Fracture
Empty Vertebrae Sign
65
This is the 2nd MC lumbar fracture
Transverse Process Fracture
66
What are the MC segemnts of a Transverse Process Fracture
L2/L3
67
Are Transverse Process Fractures Unilateral and multi leveld
yes
68
Films needed for Transvere Process Fractures
Obliques to see the nose of Scotty Dog
69
