Test one

Question 1

If a neurosurgeon stimulated your right motor cortex, you would most likely?

Answer 1

move your left leg.

Question 2

How do different neural networks communicate with one another to let you respond when a friend greets you at a party?

Answer 2

The visual cortex is a neural network of sensory neurons connected via inter neurons to other neural networks, including auditory networks. This allows you to integrate visual and auditory information to respond when a friend you recognize greets you at a party.

Question 3

Which of the following body regions has the greatest representation in the somatosensory cortex?

Answer 3

lips

Question 4

Judging and planning are enabled by the?

Answer 4

frontal lobes.

Question 5

What would it be like to talk on the phone if you didn’t have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand?

Answer 5

You would hear sounds, but without the temporal lobe association areas you would be unable to make sense of what you are hearing.

Question 6

The “uncommitted” areas that make up about three-fourths of the cerebral cortex are called?

Answer 6

association areas.

Question 7

Plasticity is especially evident in the brains of?

Answer 7

young children.

Question 8

An experimenter flashes the word HERON across the visual field of a man whose corpus callosum has been severed. HER is transmitted to his right hemisphere and ON to his left hemisphere. When asked to indicate what he saw?

Answer 8

the man says he saw ON but points to HER.

Question 9

Studies of people with split brains indicate that the left hemisphere excels in?

Answer 9

Processing language.

Question 10

Damage to the brain’s right hemisphere is most likely to reduce a person’s ability to?

Answer 10

Make inferences.

Question 11

After continued use of a psychoactive drug, the drug user needs to take larger doses to get the desired effect. This is referred to as?

Answer 11

tolerance.

Question 12

The depressants include alcohol, barbiturates,

Answer 12

And opiates.

Question 13

Why might alcohol make a person ore helpful or more aggressive?

Answer 13

Alcohol is a disinhibitor- it makes us more likely to do what we would have done when sober, weather that is being helpful or being aggressive.

Question 14

Long-term use of Ecstasy can?

Answer 14

Damage serotonin-producing neurons.

Question 15

Near-death experiences are strikingly similar to the experiences evokes by?

Answer 15

hallucinogenic drugs.

Question 16

Use of marijuana?

Answer 16

Impairs motor coordination, perception, reaction time, and memory.

Question 17

An important psychological contributor to drug use is?

Answer 17

The feeling that life is meaningless and directionless.

Question 18

The three major issues that interest developmental psychologist are nature/nurture, stability/change, and?

Answer 18

continuity/stages.

Question 19

Although development is lifelong; there is stability of personality over time. For example,

Answer 19

Temperament tends to remain stable throughout life.

Question 20

From the very first weeks of life, infants differ in their characteristics emotional reaction, with some infants being intense and anxious, while others are easygoing and relaxed. These differences are usually explained as differences in?

Answer 20

temperament.

Question 21

Body organs first begin to form and function during the period of the ______________; within 6 months, during the period of the __________________, the organs are sufficiently functional to allow a good chance of survival.

Answer 21

embryo; fetus

Question 22

Chemicals that pass through the placenta’s screen and may harm an embryo or fetus are called?

Answer 22

teratogens

Question 23

Stroke a newborn’s cheek and the infant will root for a nipple. This illustrates?

Answer 23

A reflex.

Question 24

Between ages 3 and 6, the human brain experiences the greatest growth in the ______ lobes, which enable rational planning and aid memory.

Answer 24

frontal

Question 25

What is true of motor-skill development?

Answer 25

The sequence, but not the timing, is universal.

Question 26

Why can’t we consciously recall how we learned to walk when we were infants?

Answer 26

We have no conscious memories of events occurring before about 3 ½ , in part because major brain areas have not yet matured.

Question 27

Use Piaget’s first three stages of cognitive development to explain why young children are not just miniature adults in the way they think?

Answer 27

Infants in Piaget’s sensorimotor stage tend to be focused only on their own perceptions of the world and may, for example, be unaware that objects continue to exist when unseen. A child in the preoperational stage is still egocentric and incapable of appreciating simple logic, such as the reversibility of operations. A preteen in the concrete operational stage is beginning to think logically about concrete events but not about abstract concepts.

Question 28

Although Piaget’s stage theory continues to inform our understanding of children’s thinking, many researchers believe that

Answer 28

Piaget’s stages begin earlier and development is more continuous than he realized.

Question 29

An 8-month-old who reacts to a new babysitter by crying and clinging to his father’s shoulder is showing?

Answer 29

stranger anxiety.

Question 30

In a series of experiments, the Harlows found that monkeys raised with artificial mothers tended, when afraid, to cling to their cloth mother, rather than to a wire mother holding the feeding bottle. Why was this finding important?

Answer 30

Before these studies, many psychologist believed that infants became attached to those who nourished them.

Question 31

Adolescence is marked by the onset of?

Answer 31

Puberty.

Question 32

According to Piaget, a person who can think logically about abstractions is in the

Answer 32

formal operations stage.

Question 33

IN Erikson’s stages, the primary task during adolescence is?

Answer 33

Forging an identity.

Question 34

34. Some developmental psychologists now refer to the period that occurs in some Western cultures from age 18 to the mid-twenties and beyond (up to the time of full adult independence) as?

Answer 34

emerging adulthood

Question 35

By age 65, a person would be most likely to experience a cognitive decline in the ability to?

Answer 35

Recall and list all the important terms and concepts in a module.

Question 36

36. How do cross-sectional and longitudinal studies differ?

Answer 36

Cross-sectional studies compare people of different ages. Longitudinal studies restudy and retest the same people over a long period of time.

Question 37

Freud defined the healthy adult as one who is able to love and work. Erikson agreed, observing that the adults struggles to attain intimacy and

Answer 37

generativity.

Question 38

Contrary to what many people assume,?

Answer 38

Positive feelings tend to grow after mid-life.

Question 39

A striking effect of hormonal changes on human sexual behavior is the?

Answer 39

Sharp rise in sexual interest at puberty.

Question 40

In describing the sexual response cycle, Masters and Johnson noted that?

Answer 40

Men experience a refractory period during which they cannot experience orgasm.

Question 41

What is the difference between sexual dysfunctions and paraphilias?

Answer 41

Sexual dysfunctions are problems that men and women may have related to sexual arousal and sexual function. Paraphilias are conditions, which may be classified as psychological disorders, in which sexual arousal is associated with nonhuman objects, the suffering of self or others, and/or nonconsenting persons.

Question 42

42. The use of condoms during sex (does/doesn’t) reduce the risk of getting HIV and (does/doesn’t) fully protect against skin-to-skin STI’s.

Answer 42

does/doesn’t

Question 43

An example of an external stimulus that might influence sexual behavior is?

Answer 43

a sexually explicit film

Question 44

Which factors have researchers thus far found to be unrelated to the development of our sexual orientation?

Answer 44

Researchers have found no evidence that any environmental factors influence the development of sexual orientation.