Test One/Midterm Flashcards
1
Q
What is science?
A
Study of God’s order and reasonableness in His physical universe
2
Q
Three qualities of empirical science?
A
Observable
Testable
Repeatable
3
Q
Reference: put in garden to dress and keep it
A
Genesis 2:15
4
Q
Reference: named (classified) the animals
A
Genesis 2:19,20
5
Q
Reference: Subdue and have dominion
A
Genesis 1:26-29
6
Q
What are the two opposing worldviews?
A
Biblical
Humanism
7
Q
Who is the “Father of Evolution”?
A
Charles Darwin
8
Q
When was the Origin of Species written?
A
1859
9
Q
When was Scope’s Trial?
A
1925
10
Q
What is the magic factor for evolution?
A
Time
11
Q
Reference: God created from nothing
A
Hebrews 11:3
12
Q
Reference: There was an observer
A
Job 38:4
13
Q
What are the scientific evidences for a young earth?
A
Supernovas
Salt in the seas
Magnetic fields
14
Q
Days of creation
A
- earth, space, time, and light
- firmament
- dry land and plants
- sun, moon, and stars
- Fish and fowl
- land animals and man
15
Q
What are the four parts of a plant?
A
Flowers
Leaves
Stems
Roots
16
Q
What part of the plant is the reproductive organ?
A
Flowers
17
Q
What part of the plant uses photosynthesis?
A
Leaves
18
Q
What part of the plant is woody, herbaceous and vines?
A
Stems
19
Q
What part of the plant absorbs and transports?
A
Roots
20
Q
What are the characteristics of the composite family?
A
Head - disk and ray flowers
21
Q
What flowers are in the composite family?
A
Sunflower and dandelion
22
Q
What are the characteristics of the mint family?
A
Square stem, aromatic
23
Q
What are two examples of the mint family?
A
Basil, lavender
24
Q
What are the characteristics of the rose family?
A
Leaves, bark, seeds, and/or seed pits contain poison
25
What are two examples of the rose family?
Apple, cherry
26
What are the characteristics of the pea family?
Pod-like fruits
27
What are three examples of the pea family?
English peas, peanuts, kudzu
28
What family includes the nitrogen cycle?
Pea family
29
What is a characteristics of the nightshade family?
All initially thought to be poisonous
30
What are three examples of the nightshade family?
Tomatoes, Irish potato, tobacco
31
What does the cashew family include?
Three most common poisonous plants
32
What three examples are in the cashew family?
Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac
33
What is the most important group of plants?
Grass family
34
Cereal crops include...
Wheat, rice, and corn
35
Forage grasses are...
Used by livestock
36
Turf grasses include...
Lawns and athletic fields
37
Ornamental includes...
Pampas
38
Woody grasses include...
Bamboo
39
What to notice about grass plants
Stolon: vegetative reproduction
Leaf: Blade and sheath
Flower Cluster
40
What is an oily substance that can produce a severe rash that lasts for days?
Urushial
41
What is the study of trees?
Dendrology
42
What are the four plant organs?
Root
Stem
Leaf
Flower
43
What does the epidermal part of the plant do?
Protects and covers (covered by cuticle)
44
What does the cork of the plant do?
Protects and waterproofs
45
What does the Parenchyma of the plant do?
Makes and stores food
46
What are the three tissues in plants?
Structural
Vascular
Meristimatic
47
What tissue of the plant is sap conducting?`
Vascular
48
What helps longitudinal plant growth?
Apical Meristem
49
What forms new xylem and phloem?
Vascular Cambium
50
What forms new net cork tissue?
Cork Cambium
51
What are the three parts of a cell?
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
52
What are the plant cell parts?
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuole
53
What are the margins of the blade of a leaf?
Smooth
Toothed
Lobed
54
What connects the blade to the stem?
Petiole
55
What is a leaf without a petiole called?
Sessile
56
What is the area at which leaves grow from the stem?
Node
57
What are the four sunlight exposure patterns?
Opposite
Alternate
Whorled
Rosette
58
What is venation?
Patterns of veins within a leaf
59
What is a midrib?
Main vein of a leaf
60
What part of the internal leaf exchanges CO2 and O2?`
Stomata
61
What open and closes the stomata?
Guard cells
62
What does photosynthesis require?
CO2
H2O
Sunlight
Chlorophyll
63
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose
Oxygen
Water
64
Medicine from the Common White Willow
Aspirin
65
What uses Yellow Cinchona and is an anti malaria?
Quinine
66
What is used by the Rosy Periwinkle and is used for Hodgkin’s disease?
Vinblastine
67
Classification by growth cycle
Annual
Biennial
Perennial
68
What colors the leaves?
Xanthophyll
Carotene
Anthocyanin
69
High rigor pressure
Turgid
70
Low turgid pressure
Wilting
71
Patterns of venation
Parallel
Pinnate
Palmate
72
Equation of chlorophyll
6CO2+6H2O + sunlight = C6H12O6 +6O2
73
Primary purpose of flowers, fruits, and seeds
Reproduction
74
Four basic parts of a flower
Sepal
Petals
Stamen
Pistil
75
Characteristics of an incomplete flower
Lacks one or more basic parts
Lacks petals
Lacks stamen or pistil
76
Clusters of flowers are called
Inflorescences
77
Factors affecting flowering
Length of night and day
Temperature
Soil Nutrients
78
Who are Horticulturists?
Agricultural technician who specialize ingrowing flowers, fruits, vegetables, and shrubs
79
What is pollination?
Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
80
What glands secrete nectar?
Nectaries
81
What flower attracts flies?
Carrion
82
What pollinates the wild orchid and fig flower?
Wasp
83
What pollinates yucca flowers?
Moth
84
Hay fever is also called...
Allergic rhinitis
85
What causes allergy symptoms?
Histamines
86
What is the union of egg to sperm to form a new organism?
Fertilization
87
Steps to fertilization
```
Pollination
Formation of pollen tube
Fertilization
Zygote develops into embryo
Ovule is now a seed
```
88
What is a fruit?
Ripened ovary of a flower
89
What is a vegetable?
Any edible part of a plant that does not conform to the definition of a fruit
90
What is the exocarp?
skin or covering of fruit
91
What is the mesocarp?
Fleshy part of fruit
92
What is the endocarp?
tissue that surrounds the seeds
93
What is the pericarp?
All three of layers are fused and virtually indistinguishable
94
What has an aggregate formation?
Blackberries, raspberries, strawberries
95
What has a multiple formation?
Pineapples and figs
96
Endocarp is a pit or stone
Drupe
97
Examples of drupes
Cherry, olive, almond, walnut
98
Pericarp is fleshy throughout
Berry
99
Examples of berries
Tomatoes and grapes
100
Berry with leathery outer layer containing oils; orange
Hesperidium
101
Berry with thick rind not containing oils; cucumber and watermelon
Pepo
102
Fleshy outer, inner papery
Pome
103
Examples of Pome
Apples and pears
104
Follicle is where..
Splits one side of fruit
105
Example of follicle
Milkweed
106
Legume is where...
Splits on two sides
107
Examples of legume
Peas and peanuts
108
Achene is where...
Single seed attached to pericarp at base
109
Example of archene
Sunflower
110
Nut is where...
Pericarp hard and thick with cup at the base
111
Examples of nut
Acorn and chestnut
112
Caryopsis is where...
Single seed fully fused to pericarp
113
Examples of caryopsis
Corn and wheat
114
Samara is where...
Single-winged pericarp
115
Examples of samara
Maple and elm
116
What is a seed?
Fully developed and matured ovules that are capable of producing a new plant
117
Epicotyl
Stem above cotelydon
118
Hypocotyl
Stem below cotelydon
119
Factors of germination
Dormancy
Viability
Imbition
120
Primary purpose of growth
Length
121
Secondary purpose of growth
Width
122
Internal structure of woody dicot cross section
Phloem
Vascular Cambium
Wood
123
Types of wood
Pith
Heartwood
Sapwood
124
Formation of annual rings
spring - light and large vessels
| summer - dark and small vessels
125
Epidermis of monocots are called...
rind
126
What includes stock, scion, and budding?
Grafting
127
Hormone involved in many tropisms
Auxin
128
Hormone that promotes axillary growth and cell division
Cytokinins
129
Hormone that regulates normal plant growth and triggers germination
Gibberellins
130
Hormone that tells plant to be dormant
Abscisic acid
131
Hormone that forms abcission layer
Ethylene
132
Types of roots
Fibrous and tapnot
133
Meristematic wood growth
Growth at root tip
Protection at root cap
Secretion of CO2
134
What are the chief absorbing structures?
Root hairs
135
What is diffusion?
Process of mixing molecules of one substance through another by random molecular motion
136
What is osmosis?
One-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane
137
What is the upward flow of fluids through the xylem?
Sap stream
138
What is the upward movement of liquid through a very narrow tube?
Cappilarity
139
What is cohesion?
Water molecules stick together
140
What is adhesion?
Water sticks to walls of narrow tubes
141
What is transpiration?
Loss of water vapor from leaves and stems of a plant
142
What are tropisms?
Growth responses
143
Similarities of living things
Structural
Biochemical and DNA
Mating and Reproduction
144
Who divided plants and animals in basic groups?
Aristotle
145
Who developed species concept and wrote Wisdom of God Manifested in the Creation?
John Ray
146
Who showed organisms could be arranged into a graded hierarchy and developed definite terminology?
Carolus Linnaeus
147
Umbrella shaped capsule
Liverworts
148
All algae contains....
Cholorophyll
149
Algae is what link in the aquatic food chain?
First link
150
Is algae always found in water?
No
151
Which algae is largest number of species?
Green
152
Which algae is unicellular, colonial, filamentous
Green
153
Which algae is most abundant?
Yellow
154
What is the second most abundant life form?
Diatoms
155
Which algae is the seaweed of colder water?
Brown
156
Which algae contains kelp?
Brown
157
What means float by air sacs?
Sargassium
158
Which algae contains seaweed in warmer ocean water?
Red
159
Which algae is dulse, Irish moss?
Red
160
Which algae is flagella and red-tide?
Dinoflagellates
161
Which algae is cyanobacteria and Anabaena?
Blue-green
162
Characteristics of Fungi
```
Non-vascular
Cell wall of chitin
No chlorophyll
Heterotrophs
Harmful and beneficial
```
163
Parts of fungi
Hyphae
| Fruiting body
164
What fungo produces spores in club shaped basidia?
Club fungi
165
What fungi contains mushrooms, toadstools, and puffballs?
Club fungi
166
What fungi is found on logs and trees?
Bracket fungi
167
What includes bread mold and cheese molds?
Molds
168
Penicillium is from what?
Blue cheese
169
What includes yeasts, mildew, and slimemolds?
Sac fungi
170
How do yeats reproduce?
By budding
171
What are jellylike organisms often seen on bark of fallen trees?
Slime molds
172
What is species?
Group of similar organsisms which interbreed freely in nature
173
What is kind?
Biologically capable of producing offspring and hybridization
174
What are flowering plants?
Angiosperms
175
What are non-flowering plants?
Gymnosperms
176
What seed is produced in cones or cone-like structures?
"Navea" seed
177
What are conifers?
Cone-bearing
178
Staminate means...
Pollen produced
179
Ovulate means...
Seed produced
180
What are palm-like leaves?
Cycod
181
What are fan-shaped leaves?
Ginko/not evergreen
182
What is asexual reproduction?
One-celled reproductive structure capable of growing into a new organsim
183
What are ferns?
Sori and sporangium
184
Examples of ferns
Fronds, fiddleheads, and rhizomes
185
Example of club moss
Ground moss
186
What are horsetails?
Hollow, jointed stem
187
Benefits of mosses
Chemical weathering and prevents soil erosion
188
What is an umbrella shaped capsule?
Liverworts
