test over unit 4 (Greece only) (ppts and notes) Flashcards
(199 cards)
1
Q
vocab: main city of the Minoans
A
Knossos
2
Q
vocab:altar, chapel, or other sacred place
A
Shrine
3
Q
vocab:colorful paintings completed on wet plaster
A
Fresco
4
Q
vocab: conflict between Myceanea and Troye (described in the Illiad and Oddessey)
A
Trojan War
4
Q
vocab: narrow water passage
A
Strait
5
Q
vocab: author of the Illiad and the Oddessey
A
Homer
5
Q
vocab: city state in Ancient Greece
A
Polis
6
Q
vocab: highest and most forfeighted point within a city state
A
Acropolis
6
Q
vocab:legal member of a country
A
Citizen-
7
Q
vocab: a form of government in which the state is ruled by a monarch
A
monarchy
8
Q
vocab:
government headed by privileged minority or upper class
A
Aristocracy
8
Q
vocab: government in which ruling power belongs to a few people
A
Oligarchy
9
Q
vocab: in Ancient Greece, a massive tactical formation of heavily armed foot soldiers
A
Phalanx
10
Q
vocab: city state in Ancient Greece settled by the Dorians and built as a military state
A
Sparta
10
Q
vocab: city state in Ancient Greece that evolved from a monarchy to a limited direct democracy and became famous for its great cultural achievements
A
Athens
11
Q
vocab: a form of government in which citizens hold political power
A
Democracy
12
Q
vocab: in Ancient Greece, ruler who gained power by force
A
Tyrant
13
Q
vocab: lawmaking body
A
Legislature
13
Q
vocab: Formal agreement between 2 or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one another’s defense
A
Alliance
14
Q
vocab: a fixed salary given to public office holders
A
Stipend
15
Q
vocab: system of government in which citizens participate in daily affairs of government rather than through elected representatives
A
Direct democracy
15
Q
vocab: group of people with authority to make a decision in a legal case
A
Jury
15
Q
Vocab: practiced in Ancient Greece to banish or send away a public figure who threatened democracy
A
Ostracism
16
Q
Vocab: led Athens through the golden age
A
Pericles
17
Vocab: someone who seeks to understand and explain life, a person who studies philosophy
Philospher
18
Vocab: rational thinking
Logic
19
Vocab: art of skillful speaking
Rhetoric
19
Vocab: in Ancient Greece, a play about human suffering often ending in disaster
Tragedy
20
Vocab: chief temple of Greek Goddess Athena
Parentheon
20
Vocab: philosopher that sought truth through questioning
Socrates
21
Vocab: student of socrates, wrote philosophical dialouges, and founded the Academy in athens
Plato
22
Vocab: student of Plato, philosopher, writer of many branches of knowledge, founder of the Lyceum, and tutor of Alexander the Great
Aristotle
23
Vocab: Father of History
Herodotus
24
Vocab: muder of a public figure, usually for political reasons
Assasination
25
Vocab: absorb or adopt another culture
Assimilation
26
Vocab: one of the Greatest cities in the Medditeranean world
Alexandria
27
Vocab: mathmatician and philosopher
Pythagoras
28
Vocab: based on belief that the sun is the center of the universe
Heliocentric
29
Vocab:famous Hellenistic mathmatician
Archimedes
30
Vocab: father of medicine
Hippocratus
31
Vocab: restored peace to Macedonia, built effective army, formed alliances with many Greek states. Was assisinated
Philip II
32
Vocab:In Ancient Greece, play that mocked people or social customs
Comedy
33
Vocab:
Phillip II’s son, student of Aristotle, at age of 20 inherited all of Phillip’s territories, founded and conquered A LOT of land. Died super early at the age of 32
Alexander the Great
34
2 Greek playwrights
Aeschylus
Sophocles
35
War between Athens and Sparta
Peloponnesian War
36
Alliance of Greek states against Persia
Delian league
37
Term for voting to banish someone from a city state
Ostracism
38
Abolished debt slaver
Solon
39
3 battles of the Persian war
Plataea, marathon, salamis
40
Athenian tyrant
Psistratus
41
Republic and idea of ideal forms philosopher
Plato
42
What where the dates of the Minoans?
2000 BC
43
What where the dates of the Mycenaeans?
1600BC - 1200BC
44
What was an extremely profitable trade product for the Minoans?
Olive oil
45
What was the name for the type of art on the Minoan walls?
Frescos
46
How did the Mycenaeans provide water to their main city?
Through a cistern
47
What was the main island of the Minoans?
Crete
48
What was the name of the main city for the Minoans?
Knossos
49
Which civilization had domed tombs?
The Mycenaeans
50
Which civilizations had indoor plumbing?
The Minoans
51
Goddess whose name was adopted by Athens
Athena
52
paintings in watercolor done on wet plaster that decorate minoan palace walls
freascos
53
analyzed different type of government and living by the golden mean
aristotle
54
10 neighborhoods or townships that determined Athenian civilization
Demes
55
Winner of the Peloponnesian War
Sparta
56
Victory of the Athenians against Darius I's Persians in 490 B.C.
Marathon
57
Athenian philosopher who argued every object on Earth had an Ideal form
Plato
57
Spartan last stand against the Persians under King Leonidas
thermopylae
58
Athenian Philosopher who taught by asking question
Socrates
58
tyrant who seized power in athens giving poorer citizens a greater voice
Pisistratus
59
Greek author of Comedies such as The Clouds and Lsistrata
Aristophanes
60
Set up the Council of 500 and made the assembly a legislature for Athens
cleisthenes
61
greek term for their city state
polis
62
father of history
herodotus
63
Athenian naval victory over the persian fleet
Salamis
64
people who gained power in a city by force
tyrants
64
persian ruler who sent armies to invade Greece in 480 BC
xerxes
65
Athenian statesman who led Athens into a golden age
pericles
66
athenian leader who outlawed debt slavery
solon
66
native peoples conquered and enslaved by the spartans
helots
66
wrote the trojan woman
euripides
67
greek battle formation
phalanx
67
type of government where power is in the hands of a small wealthy elite
oligarchy
68
battle where an alliance of Greek city states defeated the persians, ending the wars
platea
68
athenian leader who urged Athens to build up the navy and defenses
Themistocles
69
hill top, often forfieted, in the center of a Greek city-state
acropolis
70
voting to banish a citizen from atehns for 10 years
ostracism
70
an alliance of Greek City states organized and dominated by athens
delian league
71
greek infantry soldier
hoplite
72
famous war retold in the Illliad
trojan war
73
Greek playwright and author of tragadies such as Antigone
Sophocles
74
chief officials in athens
archon
75
ahtenian who wrote the Histroy of the Pelopennisian War
thucydides
76
the most powerful of the Olympian Gods
Zeus
77
Minoan king's palace
knossos
77
blind poet and probable composer of the Illiad and the Oddessey
Homer
78
Which Greek Philosopher was a teacher who asked questions about everything, tried to get people to think, charged with corrupting the youth of Athens, challenged the original beliefs of Gods, never wrote anything but his student Plato did, and died from drinking poison hemlock (berries)?
Socrates
79
Which Greek Philosopher that you live your best life when you live in moderation, had a misogynist theory of women, was very logical, believed that all logic makes sense in 1 major system, was more evidentiary, and believed that we understand reality and out truth through the sense?
Aristotle
79
how many islands does Greece have?
over 2,000
79
t or f
when people gathered at agora or acropolis, they discussed the government of the city
true
79
Which Greek Philosopher did not believe in direct democracy, killed Socrates, liked the idea of a republic, famed for ideal form, believed that we know what we know because your soul knew it before you did, had a theory that the ideal form of everything before we existed, and had a religion named Neoplatonism that was adapted in Christianity?
Plato
79
where did the Greeks orignially settle?
turkey
80
where did people usually gather in classical Greece?
agora (marketplace) , or acropolis
80
where does the word polis come from?
politics
81
what are the 4 types of Greek Government?
monarchy, aristocracy, oligarchy, and tyrants
81
what does a monarchy type of rule consist of?
a single king type of rule
82
what does an oligarchy consist of?
a government ruled by a few powerful people
82
what does an aristocracy type of government consist of?
a government ruled by hereditary nobility
83
what does a tyrannical government consist of?
leaders who seized power, claimed to work for ordinary
83
where did representative government begin?
Athens
84
who took power of Athens in 621 BC?
Draco
84
t or f
When Draco took power of Athens, he imposed a very severe law code that was Draconian or very strict.
true
85
Aristocracy ->
democracy
86
who are the 5 most important politicians of Classical Greece?
Draco, Solon, Cleisthenes, Pisistratus, Pericles
87
what where the main values of Athens?
education, freedom, individuality, beauty
88
what where the values of Sparta?
power, strength, discipline, duty, and loyalty to group
89
t or f
Women in Sparta where restrained and had no freedom and where weak
False, women in Sparta where strong, and had a lot more freedom compared to women in Athens
90
what was the government like for Athens?
they made reforms after Draco, they created classes based on Wealth, they organized citizens into 10 groups based on location, and created the Council of Five Hundred.
91
what was government like for Sparta?
they had an assembly which was open to all citizens, elected officials, and voted on major issues, had a Council of Elders: 30 older citizens, proposed laws to assembly, and had 2 kings which ruled over Sparta's military force
92
t or f
the Greeks used an army of ordinary citizens
true
93
what are foot soldiers who stand side by side?
hoplites
94
what is a battle formation that the hoplites use where they hold their sheild and spear in front?
Phalanx
94
what are the 4 battles of the Persian War?
marathon
salamis
Plataea
Thermopylae
95
t or f
the Persians conquered Greece Lands
true
96
T or f
the Greeks revolted and Athens sent Aid during the Persian Wars
true
97
t or f:
Persian King Daruis defeated rebels and vowed to destroy athens during the persian wars
true
98
t or f
the battle of marathon was a greek loss
false, it was a victory
99
which of the 4 major battles of the Persian was did Darius' son Xerxes, send army to Athens in 480 BC, where they had to pass through Thermopylae, but stopped by 7000 Greeks, including 300 Spartans, where the Greeks where betrayed and all 300 Spartans died, and Xerxes destroyed Athens?
Thermopylae
99
during which of the 4 major battles of the Persian war did Courier run 26 miles to announce the win of the Greeks against Persia to Athens, then Athenians prepared to defend their city, returning soldiers reinforced Athens, and the Persians turned away?
Marathon
100
t or f
the delian league drove persians out of Greece
true
100
t or f
the battle of Thermopylae was a Greek Loss
true
101
t or f
the Battle of Plataea in 479 BC was a Greek victory against the Persians
true
102
t or f
athens led Delian league and controlled other League members
true
103
how did Geography Influence life for people in classical Greece?
they had a lot of water, as well as mountains, and lived in independent communities with not very much surplus, had poor farmland and mostly only grew olives, and had moderate temperatures so people didn't wear heavy clothing.
104
t or f:
the myceaneans and the Minoans traded by sea
true
105
t or f:
the Myceneans and the Minoans help form the core of Greek religious practices, art politics, and literature
true
106
t or f
in 1200 BC Myceneans fought against troy, but no one knows where troy is
true, it is believed that it might be coastal city in Turkey because of some evidence found through excavations
107
did the Myceneans disappear before or after the Dorian period?
before
108
t or f
the Dorians where less advanced than the Myceneans
true
109
t or f
the Dorian's economy collapsed and their trade stopped, and they lost their ability to write during the Dorian Age
true
110
t or f
Gods had inhuman qualities, but did not live forever
false, they had human like qualities and unlike humans, they lived forever
111
how did people learn about history before things where written down?
through spoken word
112
who composed the Iliad and the Odyssey
Homer
113
According to the Law Code of Crete, can you kidnap a man before taking him to court first?
no, you cannot kidnap a man before taking him into court or else you will have to pay a fee, higher for free men and lower for slaves.
114
according to the Law Code of Crete, can you sue someone without kidnapping them?
yes
115
According to the Law Code of Crete, can you rape someone of a higher class than you?
no
116
According to the Law Code of Crete, can you seduce someone as long as you are aware of the when and the where?
yes
117
According to the Law Code of Crete, how much does rape and adultery cost you in terms of fines?
100 slaters
118
According to the Law Code of Crete, do women have property rights?
yes
119
According to the Law Code of Crete, if a husband and a wife divorce, will a woman have her own property that she came with to her husband, and half of the income if it be of her own property?
yes
120
According to the Law Code of Crete, can you divorce people?
yes
121
t or f:
According to the Law Code of Crete, in the case of a divorce, a woman can take her weavings
true
122
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a woman becomes a widow, can she re-marry?
yes
123
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a woman becomes a widow, can she take her kids things?
no
124
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a widow shall die childless, should all of her things be given back to her family?
yes
125
According to the Law Code of Crete, if a woman bears a child while living apart from her husband after the divorce, what should she do?
show the father of the kid, and he decides whether the baby is his or not his and whether the baby shall live or be killed
126
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a dad dies, what does the son get?
all of it
127
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a dad dies, what does a daughter get?
half of it
128
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if a woman marries a slave, will her kids be slaves?
yes
128
According to the Law Code of Crete,
can you sell someone else's property?
no
129
According to the Law Code of Crete,
does a woman have to marry her family?
yes, whether that is her uncle, her brother, or someone else in the family, or else the marriage can be forced to the point of going to court.
130
According to the Law Code of Crete,
can adoption occur?
yes, but you need witnesses, you need to be male, must be older than puberty's age.
130
According to the Law Code of Crete,
can a son die his money?
no
131
According to the Law Code of Crete, if you adopt a kid and it dies, who does the property return to?
the extra kids in the family
132
According to the Law Code of Crete,
if you did not follow the rules in the law code because they where not written in the moment, will you be punished?
no, but you just can't do it from now moving forward.
133
t or f
pericles was an athenian leader
true
134
what where Pericles' 3 goals?
1. strengthen Athenian democracy
2. hold and strengthen empire
3. glorify athens
135
what isa form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives?
direct democracy
135
Athens led and organized the _____ ______ which strengthened the Athenian navy
Delian league
136
How was Athens glorified?
money was used from the Delian league to beautify Athens to build things such as the Parthenon to honor Athens and form classical art
137
who built the first theaters?
pericles
138
what is a tragedy?
a serious drama about common themes including love, hate war, or betrayal
139
who where 3 tragedy Greek Playwrights?
Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides
140
what two genres of theater are the Greeks best known for?
comedy and tragedy
141
who is considered the first historian?
Herodotus, since he accuratley reported events from the time
142
who is considered the greatest historian of the classical age?
Thcydides
143
who believed the past would repeat itself?
Thucydides
144
Who was the Pelopennisian war fought between?
Athens and Sparta
145
what did Pericles, who was part of Athens, do during the Peloponnesian war?
he called everyone into the city walls, and a plague swept through the city, killing 1/3 of population
146
what year was a truce signed between Athens and sparta?
421 BC, but peace did not last
147
in 404 BC, which group surrendered with its allies and they lost their empire?
Athenians
148
King Philip II of Macedonia wanted to take control of?
Persia
149
after preparing for the Invasions of Greece, who defeated the Greeks and planned to invade Persia next but never got to do so because he was assassinated?
Philip of Macedon
150
t or f
alexander the great was King Philip's son
true
151
151
t or f:
alexander the Great learned from aristotle
true
152
who carried out his father's plan to invade persia?
Alexander the Great
153
T or f:
Alexander invaded Persia and forced King Darius III to flee, and took control of Anatolia or what we know modernly as Turkey
true
154
T or F:
alexander the Great was named pharoah when he invaded Egypt
true
155
Who did Alexander defeat in Mesopotamia that allowed for his empire to expand to India?
Darius
155
156
T or F:
Alexander was eventually forced to return home
true
157
When Alexander was forced to return home, what did he plan to do?
he planned to organize and unify his empire, but he died before he could do so.
158
How was Alexander's empire divided once he passed away?
it was divided between 3 generals
159
What was the cultural impact Alexander had?
he incorporated Persian customs and people into armies, Greek settlers adopted new ways of life and a new culture known as Hellenistic culture emerged which had a blend of both Greek and Eastern customs
160
Which Egyptian city became the center of Commerce and Hellenistic civilization?
Alexandria
160
t or f
alexandria was a city of great beauty
true, it had lots of museums and temples, stone lighthouses called Pharos, and had the first research library in the world.
161
t or f:
by 150 BC, the Hellenistic world was in decline
true, since Rome had gained strength.
162
t or f:
Greek culture was preserved and eventually became part of western Civilization
true
