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test over unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

vocab:
large, mostly flat area that rises above the surrounding land

A

plateau

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2
Q

vocab :
large landmass that juts out from a continent

A

subcontinent

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3
Q

vocab:
seasonal wind that regularly blows from a certain direction for part of the year

A

monsoon

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4
Q

vocab:
the blending of two or more cultures

A

acculturation

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4
Q

vocab:
large ancient city of the Indus civilization, located in present day pakistan

A

Harrappa

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5
Q

vocab:
ancient city of the Indus Civilization, located in present-day Pakistan

A

Mohenjo-Daro

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6
Q

vocab:
a collection of prayers, hymns, and other religious teachings developed in ancient India around 1500 B.C.

A

the Vedas

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7
Q

vocab:
in ancient India, the elected warrior chief of an Ayran tribe.

A

Rajah

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8
Q

vocab:
in the Veic society of ancient India, a personality type determined a person’s occupation later a category in India’s caste system

A

Varna

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9
Q

vocab:
in the belief system established in Vedic India, a single spiritual power that resides in all things

A

Braham

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10
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form

A

Reincarnation

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10
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, which is to achieve union with Brahman

A

moksha

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10
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, a person’s essential self

A

atman

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11
Q

vocab:
person who devotes his or her life to seeking direct communication with the divine

A

Mystic

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12
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, all the actions that determine a person’s fate in the next life

A

Karma

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13
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the religious and moral duties of an individual

A

Dharma

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14
Q

vocab:
Hindu belief in nonviolence and reverence for all life

A

Ahisma

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15
Q

vocab:
in traditional Indian society, an unchangeable social group into which a person is born

A

Caste

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16
Q

vocab:
in India, an occupational group, part of the caste system

A

Jati

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17
Q

vocab:
as taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism

A

Four Noble Truths

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18
Q

vocab:
as taught by the Buddha, the path one must follow to achieve nirvana

A

Eight Fold Path

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19
Q

vocab:
in Buddhist belief, union with the universe and release from the cycle of birth

A

Nirvana

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19
Q

vocab:
buddha

A

Siddrahta Guatama

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20
Q

vocab:
a subgroup of a major religious group

A

Sect

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21
vocab: ideas that oppose those of the government
Dissent
22
vocab: someone sent to do religious work in a territory or foreign country
Missionary
23
vocab: a family organization in which several generations share a common dwelling
Joint family
24
vocab: system of numbers based on 10
Decimal system
24
vocab: -period of great cultural achievement
Golden Age
25
vocab: in some societies, payment to a bride’s family makes to the bridegroom and his family; payment women bring to the marriage
Dowry
26
vocab: Buddhist emperor; (last Mauryian emperor)
Ashoka
27
vocab: first Mauryian emperor
Chandragupta Maurya
28
vocab: fine windblown yellow soil
Loess
29
vocab: a group of families with a common ancestor
Clan
30
vocab: system of ideas
Philosophy
31
vocab: the rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic cycle
32
vocab: loosely organized government system in which local lords governed their lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord
Feudalism
33
vocab: respect for parents
filial piety
34
vocab: in Shang China, animal bone or turtle shell was used by priests to predict the future
Oracle bone
34
vocab: written symbols in writing systems such as that of the Chinese
Characters
35
vocab: the art of producing beautiful handwriting
Calligraphy
36
vocab: China’s most famous philosopher
Confucius
37
vocab: old man when Confucius was a young scholar
Laozi
38
vocab: complete control of a product or business by one person or a group
Monopoly
39
vocab: policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds
expansionism
40
vocab: government officials
Civil servants
41
vocab: local military rulers
Warlords
42
vocab: medical treatment that started in China
acupuncture
43
vocab: longest-reigning emperor of the Han Dynasty
Wudi
44
Vocab: Founder of the Qin dynasty
Shi Huang di
45
the longest dynasty in which nobles where powerful and prominent
Zhou
46
2 inventions during the Han Dynasty
loom, wheel barrow, paper
46
Dynasty which produced the oldest example of Chinese writing
Shang
47
2 things the founder of the Qin dynasty did to organize China
1. systematic alphabet 2. coinage
48
founder of the Qin dynasty
Qin Shi Huang-di
49
2 inventions of the Tang Dynasty
gun power, clocks, block print
50
respect for parents
filial piety
51
peasant founder of the Han Dynasty and his imperial name
Lui Bang / Han Gaozu
52
founder of Daoism/Taoism
Loazi
53
golden age for the indian empire
gupta
54
Hindu term for religious and moral duties
Dharma
55
Siddhartha Gautama, aka
the Buddha
55
Buddhist Emperor
Ashoka
55
3 god division of Brahman
Vishnu, Shiva, and Brahma
56
1st Indian Empire
Mauryan
57
ancient Indian hymns, chants, rituals, and religious teachings
Vedas
58
warrior caste
Kshatriya
59
term for reaching union with god Braham
Moksha
59
How did Shi Huangdi impose allegiance to a central government?
by replacing feudal states with military districts run by loyal officials
60
Why was the Han period considered a Golden Age of Chinese civilization?
because of advances in science, medicine, technology, and the arts
61
What was one effect of the Silk Road on China?
The Silk Road promoted the exchange of goods and ideas throughout China.
62
Why was the Silk Road an important part of Chinese history?
It promoted the exchange of goods and ideas between China and other parts of the world.
62
What is one of the factors that helped Buddhism spread through China?
Mahayana Buddhism offered escape from suffering and the promise of achieving salvation.
63
the Indian subcontinent extends from?
Asia into the Indian Ocean
64
what are the three ways that India is divided?
1. a northern plain with rivers 2. Deccan plateau 3. coastal plains
65
civilization in India began in the
Indus River Valley
65
what was the name of Vedic tribal leaders?
rajahs
66
What are two major cities from the Indus river valley?
Harrappa and Mohejo-Daro
66
How where Monhejo Daro and Harrappa more advanced than other civilizations at the time?
They both had complex plumbing systems, where very peaceful, and most likely declined because of environmental issues, not war.
66
T or F Vedic people had a tribal political system
true
66
How do we know about the Vedic civilizations formed from acculturation?
through the Vedas
67
How many personality types, or varna did the Vedas describe?
4
68
t or f first people were assigned varnas based on their abilities but later, it was divided by the work people did.
t
69
t or f from the very beginning of Vedic societies, people in India worshipped Brahman.
False, towards the beginning of the Vedic societies, people worshipped gods and goddesses who used natural forces, such as the sun, sky, etc. Later, people began to change their beliefs and started worshipping Brahman.
70
what two major religions emerged in Ancient India?
Buddhism and Hinduism
71
t or f Brahman is the force of everything in Hinduism
true
71
t or f Hinduism does not have a single founder
true
72
people have a ____ or essential self in Hinduism
atman
73
t or f the purpose of Hinduism is to achieve the Moksha, or union with Brahman
true
74
How can people escape reincarnation in Hinduism?
by following their dharma
75
Hindus believe in _____ or that a person's actions determine the person's fate in this life or the next.
Kharma
76
One part of dharma is practicing _____ or non-violence towards everyone and everything
ahisma
77
how was society divided in Ancient India?
in castes
77
what are subcastes of Hindu society known as?
jati
78
t or f people in higher castes were believed to be of more spiritual purity
true
79
who is the founder of Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gahtama
80
The Buddha taught the ______ ______ ______ which are the teachings at the very heart of Buddhism
Four Noble Truths
81
the fourth of the 4 noble truths states to follow the ______ ______ _______?
Eight fold path
82
what is the final goal of Buddhism?
to reach the nirvana
83
t or f Buddhists can reach nirvana in their lifetime while they are alive
true
84
t or f Buddhism spread into sects
true
85
who founded the first Indian empire?
Chandragupta Mauryan
86
t or f Chandragupta's rule was harsh, while Ashoka's was peaceful
true
87
t or f Ashoka sent missionaries to spread Buddhism
true
88
which river did the earliest civilizations of China live along?
the Huang
88
t or f during the golden age for India, the Guptas developed a decimal system, along with lots of other technological advances
true
89
what was the order of the dynasties in China?
Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song

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