Test Three GI Glands

Question 1

The pancreas is what type of gland

Answer 1

Mixed exocrine and endocrine gland

Question 2

What is in the exocrine part of the pancreas

Answer 2

Acinar glands with serous secretory units

Question 3

The acinar glands and serous secretory units contain what in the pancreas

Answer 3

Zymogen granules at their apex which contain digestive enzymes

Question 4

Where are the enzymes from the pancreas released

Answer 4

Duodenum

Question 5

The endocrine portion of the pancreas secretes

Answer 5

Hormones including insulin and glucagon

Question 6

What ducts are present in the serous secretory units of the pancreas

Answer 6

Intercalated ducts and interlobular ducts

Question 7

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is made up of what

Answer 7

Islets of langerhans

Question 8

Describe islets of langerhans

Answer 8

Polygonal cells separate by a network of capillaries and reticular fibers

Question 9

What cells are located in the islet of langerhans

Answer 9

B cells, A cells and D cells

Question 10

What cell is the most numerous in the islet of langerhans

Answer 10

B cells

Question 11

What cells in the islet of langerhans makes up insulin and secretes insulin

Answer 11

Beta cells

Question 12

Where do you find B cells in the islet of langerhans

Answer 12

Center of islet

Question 13

Function of alpha cell in islets of langerhans

Answer 13

Create glucagon which has opposite effect of insulin

Question 14

Function of delta cells in islet of langerhans

Answer 14

Parent cell of alpha and beta cells

Question 15

Function of liver

Answer 15

Major filter of blood, major storage site of sugar, make bile

Question 16

Divide the liver into what two lobes

Answer 16

Hepatic lobule and portal lobule

Question 17

Describe hepatic lobule

Answer 17

Hexagon shaped structure and at each angle there is the hepatic triad

Question 18

What is in the hepatic triad

Answer 18

Portal vein, branch of hepatic artery, and branch of bile duct

Question 19

Portal vein is lined with

Answer 19

Simple squamous

Question 20

Branch of hepatic artery is lined with

Answer 20

Simple squamous with thick smooth muscle

Question 21

The branch of the bile duct is lined with

Answer 21

Simple cuboidal

Question 22

What is in the middle of the hepatic lobule

Answer 22

Central vein

Question 23

What is in between the hepatic triad and central vein

Answer 23

Liver cells

Question 24

How does hepatic lobule works

Answer 24

Blood runs from triad to central vein and runs through liver cells where it is filtered and pull out sugar for storage

Question 25

Hepatocytes in the hepatic lobule contain

Answer 25

Sinusoids

Question 26

In the hepatic lobule sinusoids what is found

Answer 26

Kuppfer cells which are macrophages

Question 27

Describe portal lobule

Answer 27

Triangular and at each angle there is a central vein and in the middle is the triad

Question 28

What are hepatic acini

Answer 28

Functional divisions showing cellular damage

Question 29

What cells are most likely to be damage

Answer 29

Cells closest to triad

Question 30

What is zone one of hepatic acini

Answer 30

Closest to triad, highest cellular damage

Question 31

What occurs at zone 2 of hepatic acini

Answer 31

Moderate cellular damage but decrease concentration from zone one

Question 32

What is zone three of hepatic acini

Answer 32

No damage to slight damage of cells

Question 33

Function of hepatocyte

Answer 33

Same function as the liver

Question 34

Shape of hepatocyte

Answer 34

Polygons with round nucleons in center of cell

Question 35

Whenever hepatocytes come in contact with each other they form

Answer 35

Tubular spaces called bile canaliculi

Question 36

The surface of the hepatocytes faces

Answer 36

The space of Disse containing numerous microvilli

Question 37

How are hepatocytes held together when next to each other

Answer 37

Tight junctions

Question 38

How are hepatocytes held together at space of Disse

Answer 38

Gap junctions

Question 39

What is in the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte

Answer 39

Granules containing glycogen and lipid droplets

Question 40

Hepatocyte uses micro bodies and mitochondria to turn toxic bilirubin into

Answer 40

Bilirubin glucuronide

Question 41

What are the two sources of blood in the hepatocyte

Answer 41

Portal vein and hepatic artery

Question 42

Function of portal vein in hepatocyte

Answer 42

High concentrations of nutrients since coming from GI tract

Question 43

Function of hepatic artery in hepatocytes

Answer 43

High in O2 and keeping liver cells alive

Question 44

The two blood sources in the hepatocytes flow into each other to create

Answer 44

Sinusoids

Question 45

As blood flows from the two sources, the hepatocytes are able to do what

Answer 45

Take out sugar and toxins

Question 46

What are the two sides of the hepatocyte cell

Answer 46

Filter side and bile side

Question 47

Function of kupffer cell

Answer 47

Macrophage, looks for pathogens to remove and destroy

Question 48

Function of gallbladder

Answer 48

Store and concentrate bile but pulling out water

Question 49

Mucosa of gallbladder lined with

Answer 49

Simple columnar with microvilli

Question 50

The lamina propria of the gallbladder contains

Answer 50

A lot of folds to increase surface area

Question 51

What muscle is located in the gallbladder

Answer 51

Smooth

Question 52

Does the gallbladder contain cells that can secrete mucous

Answer 52

Yes

Question 53

What is outside the smooth muscle of the gallbladder

Answer 53

Layer of perimuscular CT with a serosa