test1 Flashcards by Karin Lavie

contagious itchy rash, worse at night

scabies

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failure to pass meconium within 48 hours + expulsion of gas/stool with rectal exam

hirschprung

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traveler who has fever, RUQ pain, hypoechoic liver lesion

entamoeba histolytica- parastie

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differentiating acute bacteria prostatitis vs UTI

do digital rectal exam

age group- prostatitis can affect younger men whereas UTIs dont

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when do you do endoscopy rather than observe for kid who swallowed a coin

endoscopy: symptomatic or >24 hrs or unknown time. Observe otherwise.

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when do you do AAA repair?

diameter > 5.5 cm
expand greater than 0.5 cm in 6 mo
symptomatic (abd/back pain)

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managing asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism

no surgery!

f/u with serial Ca, Cr, DXA testing

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can patients with uncomplicated MI return to work?

yes

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1st step of dx for palpable breast mass if <30 y/o vs >30

<30- US

>30- mammogram

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woman>30 y/o with benign or indeterminate mass next step

US (if malignant–> core biopsy)

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who can discuss organ transplants with the family of the deceased?

staff from Organ Procurement Org

or physician who’s trained in it

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gleason score and PSA level of very low risk prostate cancer

gleason <6 with <3 core areas affected

PSA<10

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which drug- temporary lethargy and ataxia in teen

inhalants

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peaked T waves is what electrolyte abnormality

hyperkalemia

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management of reducible inguinal hernia

surgery within 1-2 weeks

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can women<60 with no breast cancer or stroke history do hormonal replacement therapy?

yes- short term for 3-5 years

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can you use oral advanced directives?

only if told to the doctor in front of 2 witnesses

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prolonged PTT in a patient with no prior bleeding episode

acquired factor VII inhibitor

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atrial flutter treatment

cardio version (anticoagulate for 3 weeks prior)

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work up of uterine firboids found on US

biopsy to test for cancer

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which med to avoid in gout?

diuretics (thiazides, lasix) - because they decrease the fractional excretion of urate

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neuropsych sxs, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, shortened QT– which electrocyte abnormality?

hypercalcemia

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managing white coat hypertension

24 hr BP monitoring

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pericarditis causing syncope how?

compress right chambers –> reduce VR –> reduce preload

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soft testicular mass that increases with standing and valsalva

varicocele

varicocele complications

infertility, testicular atrophy

which side varicocele is sign of renal cell carcinoma?

right sided concerning

baby turns blue during breastfeeding

choanal atresia (nasal obstruction-->only breathe through their mouth)

dx choanal atresia

1) try to pass a nasal catheter to pharynx | 2) CT

malignant pleural effusion in lung cancer management

palliative: | chemical pleurodesis- obliterate pleural space by using a sclerosing agent

treatments for 3 different lead levels

mild (<44)- observe moderate (45-69): DMSA severe (>70): EDTA

dx for PJP

sputum induction

do patients with severe MR and MVP need abx ppx for dental procedures?

no- only if prosthetic valves or prior infective endocarditis

what to give patient after tylenol OD within 4 hours

charcoal

what to give patients with tylenol OD from 4-24 hrs

NAC

treatment for prolactinomas

DA agonists treat 90%! surgery if not

most common inherited thrombophilic disease

Factor V leiden causing protein C resistance

treatment for TCA OD resulting in QRS prolongation

sodium bicarbonate

failure to lose weight and BMI>30 vs >40

>30- medications (orlistat) >40: bariatric surgery

believing you are infected with parasites is delusional do or somatic symptom do?

delusional do

bloody diarrhea after animal exposure

EHEC

norovirus bloody or watery diarrhea

watery diarrhea and emesis

dx 2nd trimester for neural tube defects

alpha fetoprotein and ultrasound

what population is half medicaid enrollees but only 15% of expenditures

kids

pregnant mothers with diabetes and fetal weight>4.5kg should...

undergo c-section at 39 weeks | due to risk shoulder dystocia

migraine prophylactic meds

TCAs BBs AEDs (VPA)

strategy to prevent ventilator injury in ARDS

low tidal volume

AAA is defined as diameter over

3 cm

patients with severe nephrotic syndrome predisposed to

thrombotic events

pregnant woman with flulike and rash, arthralgia

parvovirus B19

complications of parvovirus B19 in pregnant patient

fetal anemia hydros fetalis fetal demise

next step in COPD exacerbation if patient fails oxygen therapy

NPPV (then intubate if fail that)

teen girl with pharyngeal erythema and parotid swelling

eating disorder

candida vagina treatment during pregnancy

clotrimazole, miconzole, nystatin

can you use fluconazole during pregnancy?

no- increases risk of miscarriage and congenital defects

young woman with orthostasis, dry mucous membranes, tooth erosion, hand scarring, metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia

self-induced vomiting

focal seizure dx of choice

MRI- often caused by structural issue (eg tumor)

diagnosing primary sclreosing cholangitis

ERCP

which lung infection is most rapid and progressive- viral, bacterial, or fungal

bacterial

can you give Rh Ig after pregnant woman has already been allomimmunized?

no, its already done

strongest risk factor for OSA

neck circumference

management of reducible umbilical hernia

reassure it'll resolve (surgery if hasn't by age 5)

obese woman with oligomenorrhea

PCOS

when is surgery for MR recommended?

primary MR with EF 30-60%

treating herpes zoster helps prevent what?

complications- post herpetic neuralgia

femoral hernias are medial to

femoral artery, nerve, and vein

femoral hernias above or below inguinal ligament?

below (indirect and direct are above)

alternating bradycardia and tachycardia and afib

sick sinus syndrome

cause of sick sinus syndrome and management

cause: SA node dysfunction tx: pacemaker, meds

parkinson's is symmetric or asymmetric motor signs

asymmetric

hematuria, flank pain, flank/abdominal mass

renal cell carcinoma

first line abx for human bite

augmentin

hyperthyroid symptoms within a year of pregnancy- what is it and whats the treatment

postpartum thyroiditis - (autoimmune) tx- BB if symptomatic (not thryoidectomy because temporary)

complications of postpartum thyroiditis

some develop hypothyroidism or goiter