TESTS FOR CONJUGATION AND EXCRETION

Question 1

T/F. TESTS FOR CONJUGATION AND EXCRETION, Involves the measurement of bilirubin

Answer 1

True

Question 2

TESTS FOR CONJUGATION AND EXCRETION

Answer 2

Bilirubin
Bromsulfonthalein (BSP) BYE Extraction Test
Urobilinogen

Question 3

• End product of hemoglobin metabolism (85% came from the heme portion of the hemoglobin)
• Also formed from the destruction of heme-containing protein such as myoglobin, catalase, and cytochrome oxidase (15%)

Answer 3

Bilirubin

Question 4

• It has no physiologic function and considered as waste product only thus, must be excreted
• Principal pigment of bile

Answer 4

Bilirubin

Question 5

RBC are phagocytized, releasing Hgb

Answer 5

PREHEPATIC

Question 6

T/F. Hgb is degraded to iron (binds with transferrin and transported to liver), globin (recycled in liver as amino acid) and heme

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Heme is converted into biliverdin with the help of enzyme

Answer 7

Heme oxygenase

Question 8

Biliverdin is converted to unconjugated bilirubin (B1) with the enzyme

Answer 8

Biliverdin reductase

Question 9

B1 is released in the plasma and attaches to albumin

Answer 9

PREHEPATIC

Question 10

In the liver, albumin is detached on the surface of hepatocytes

Answer 10

HEPATIC

Question 11

T/F. B1 will be transferred and bind to ligandin to enter the SER

Answer 11

True

Question 12

B1 undergo conjugation catalyzed by ____________ (UDPGT) → converting B1 to Bilirubin Monoglucuronide then, to Bilirubin Diglucuronide (B2)

Answer 12

Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronyl Transferase

Question 13

T/F. B2 in liver is transported to the hepatic duct → combined with secretion from the gallbladder → transported to common bile duct → transported to intestine

Answer 13

True

Question 14

T/F. In the intestine: B2 is reduced into mesobilirubin → mesobilirubinogen → urobilinogen by intestinal flora

Answer 14

True

Question 15

formed is oxidized to become stercobilin → stool (responsible for stool pigment: yellow-brown)

Answer 15

80% of urobilinogen

Question 16

reabsorbed by the extrahepatic circulation and recycled through the liver and then re-excreted in urine in the form of urobilin

Answer 16

20% of urobilinogen

Question 17

normally present in the blood

Answer 17

B1

Question 18

not normally present in the blood. In some cases, there’s only 0-very minute amount found

Answer 18

B2

Question 19

Bilirubin 1

Answer 19

Unconjugated bilirubin
Water-insoluble bilirubin
Non-polar bilirubin
Indirect bilirubin
Hemobilirubin
Slow-reacting
Prehepatic

Question 20

Bilirubin 2

Answer 20

Conjugated bilirubin
Water soluble bilirubin
Polar bilirubin
Direct bilirubin
Cholebilirubin
One-minute/Prompt bilirubin
Posthepatic/Hepatic/Obstructive/Regurtitative Biliburin

Question 21

Plasma concentration of bilirubin increases upon birth and reaches its peak on the __th day

Answer 21

5

Question 22

If bilirubin synthesis > liver clearance rate =

Answer 22

Increase bilirubin level

Question 23

Conjugated Bilirubin (B2) Reference value:

Answer 23

0-0.2 mg/dL (0-3 umol/L)

Question 24

Unconjugated Bilirubin (B1) Reference value:

Answer 24

0.2-0.8 mg/dL (3-14 umol/L)

Question 25

Total Bilirubin Reference value:

Answer 25

0.2-1.0 mg/dL (3-17 umol/L)

Question 26

• Has longer half-like and formed due to prolonged elevation of conjugated bilirubin
• Conjugated bilirubin bounded to albumin
• Helps in monitoring the decline of serum bilirubin following cholecystectomy
• It reacts with diazo reagent

Answer 26

Delta Bilirubin

Question 27

Delta Bilirubin Reference Value:

Answer 27

<0.2 mg/dL

Question 28

Delta Bilirubin Formula:

Answer 28

Total Bilirubin = Direct Bilirubin + Indirect bilirubin
Delta Bilirubin = TB – (DB + IB)

Question 29

T/F. Delta Bilirubin is NOT perform in neonatal esp. ≤14 days old

Answer 29

True