text quizzes history Flashcards
What did the Grand Review symbolize?
Bitterness over the carnage of the Civil War
An attempt to intimidate the South.
Sectional polarization.
A national consciousness.
A national consciousness.
All of the following contributed to the explosive industrial growth of the United States after the Civil War EXCEPT:
Abundant natural resources
Immigration
Strict government regulation of business
Liberal patent laws
Protective tariff
Strict government regulation of business
Railroads stimulated the overall economy in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
They were a major customer of other industries such as steel and coal
They facilitated economic specialization
Government ownership increased revenue
Made possible the emergence of a large domestic market
Facilitated technological advances
Government ownership increased revenue
Which of the following is the most important reason Standard Oil achieved global market dominance?
Its scientists found new technical processes for refining oil more efficiently.
It was one of the first companies to invest heavily in advertising.
Its business organization allowed it to purchase and control its competitors.
Rockefeller was lucky to find the highest-quality oil on his Ohio farm and sell it for profit.
It bought out the Erie Railroad in order to keep transportation charges of goods low.
Its business organization allowed it to purchase and control its competitors.
How did the J. Pierpont Morgan Company grow into a powerful and successful monopoly?
1It pioneered mail-order catalogs, enabling millions of isolated farm families to purchase consumer goods.
2It helped competing corporations merge, including the creation of large railroad and steel trusts.
3 It employed the newly invented Bessemer converter to revolutionize early steel production.
4 It monopolized oil refining and pioneered a new form of business organization called the trust.
5It monopolized the production of electric dynamos, which was increasingly used in most forms of factory production during the period.
It helped competing corporations merge, including the creation of large railroad and steel trusts.
All of the following is true of the emergence of the mail order catalog and chain stores EXCEPT:
They helped create a nationwide “community of consumption.”
They made goods more expensive for consumers
They often faced opposition from local business
Local communities often found their way of life disrupted
They made goods more expensive for consumers
How did the lives of workers change during industrialization? Select the one that is NOT true.
Millions of new jobs were created
Many benefitted from the overall rise in the standard of living
Increases in the cost of goods made it harder for them to keep up
They often faced dangerous conditions in the factories
Increased use of machinery forced many into lower paying jobs
Increases in the cost of goods made it harder for them to keep up
All of the following are true of the emergence of labor unions in the late 19th century EXCEPT:
Americans were historically reluctant to join unions.
They were the best means workers had to challenge the power of owners.
The most successful unions were made up of unskilled workers
Racial and ethnic differences brought tensions
Time and again they faced major setbacks
Racial and ethnic differences brought tensions
Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the growth of urban populations at the turn of the century?
a decrease in the number of immigrants overall in the United States
fewer factories located in cities
the decline of immigration
the growth of disease from the lack of sanitation in crowded city neighborhoods
a decline in the diversity of immigrant groups in cities
the growth of disease from the lack of sanitation in crowded city neighborhoods
All of the following is true of urban political bosses and their machines EXCEPT:
They had a great deal of political power
They rejected the corrupt politics of the Gilded Age.
They were generally tied to the Democratic Party
They often took care of the needs of the urban poor
Many urban immigrants turned to them for help
They were generally tied to the Democratic Party
After 1870, how did immigration to the United States change?
It gradually slowed down
More immigrants came from Britain and Germany
More immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe
Increasing numbers of Protestants arrived
There were fewer calls for restrictions
More immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe
The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 took what stance toward the Native Americans of the Plains?
It sought to grant Native Americans larger reservations because of broken government promises and treaties.
It gave each Native American tribe up to 520 acres of land and provided a production quota, often well beyond what the land could sustain.
It sought to “Americanize” Indians by forcing them to become self-reliant farmers that individually owned their own land.
It granted Native Americans U.S. citizenship and specified other civil rights that they would be guaranteed.
It granted immunity from federal laws governing alcohol and gambling licenses.
It sought to “Americanize” Indians by forcing them to become self-reliant farmers that individually owned their own land.
Which of the following did Frederick Jackson Turner argue in his “frontier thesis”?
Western settlement had essentially been one great failure, and the American public should be ashamed of the exploitation it had caused.
The only way for the United States to settle the frontier was through peaceful relations with the Native Americans.
American culture and identity developed from the ways in which the frontier shaped those who lived on it.
With the end of the western settlement, the nation needed a new frontier to explore and, therefore, should seek an overseas empire.
The American frontier was just a myth, and the people of the nation own all land communally.
American culture and identity developed from the ways in which the frontier shaped those who lived on it.
How did expansionists justify imperialism in the late nineteenth century?
They hoped to decrease the amount of government spending that went into the nation’s military.
They wished to experiment with other types of government than democracy.
They sought racial equality and thought this could be achieved through a more diverse society.
They sought to spread their Christian and democratic beliefs to other parts of the world.
They wished to help the United States become less entangled in foreign affairs and more focused on domestic issues.
They sought to spread their Christian and democratic beliefs to other parts of the world.
Which of the following was a tenet of The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783?
The United States should remain isolated from overseas affairs and instead focus on western expansion in its own continent.
A powerful navy is essential for protecting national interests and developing global commerce.
The United States had invested too much in its navy over the years and should instead focus on the army.
The United States should focus on small covert operations as opposed to large battleships and global bases.
Pursuing new markets overseas would only bring financial ruin to the United States.
A powerful navy is essential for protecting national interests and developing global commerce.
Why was America sympathetic to the Cuban revolution against Spain?
The strategic importance of Cuba
Extensive American business interests
Americans were outraged by the Spanish atrocities in Cuba
Long time American interest in acquiring Cuba
All of the above
All of the above
President McKinley was pushed into war with Spain for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
1The document critical of President McKinley written by the Spanish ambassador to the United States.
2 American leaders wanted to protect the Spanish economy and destroy the Cuban economy in an effort to benefit their own.
3 American sugar and mining companies were heavily invested in Cuba and had growing concern about the security of their investments.
4 “Yellow Journalism” inflamed public opinion in favor of war
5 Explosion of the American battleship Maine
American leaders wanted to protect the Spanish economy and destroy the Cuban economy in an effort to benefit their own.
The Spanish-American War:
Proved a short and decicive American Victory
by the Spanish ambassador to the United States.
American leaders wanted to protect the Spanish economy and destroy the Cuban economy in an effort to benefit their own.
American sugar and mining companies were heavily invested in Cuba and had growing concern about the security of their investments.
“Yellow Journalism” inflamed public opinion in favor of war
Explosion of the American battleship Maine
Proved a short and decisive American victory
What made deciding the fate of the Philippines a problem for McKinley?
War fever made the public anxious to annex them and create a new state
There was a strong move to return them to Spain since the war had been over Cuba.
It was not clear how to give the Philippines stability while remaining consistent with American principles
Philippine leader Aguinaldo was pressing for annexation by the United States
None of the above
It was not clear how to give the Philippines stability while remaining consistent with American principles
All of the following are true of Anti-imperialist opposition to annexation of the Philippines EXCEPT:
Opponents were many and varied
Some believed it violated American principles to rule over another people and deprive them of government by their consent
Racial and ethnic prejudices motivated many.
Labor was concerned by competition from foreign workers
Southern Democrats joined with Western Republicans to oppose annexation
Southern Democrats joined with Western Republicans to oppose annexation
What was the United States policy toward Asia:
The U.S. government decided to assist the Boxer rebels in China, much as it had assisted the Cuban rebels.
The U.S. government decided to pursue interests in Asia on its own rather than collaborating with Great Britain.
The U.S. government successfully prevented Japanese military expansion throughout the first half of the eighteenth century.
The U.S. government supported the plan of powerful European nations to split China among themselves.
The U.S. government took measures to end most trade with Asia because it found European trade to be more profitable.
The U.S. government decided to pursue interests in Asia on its own rather than collaborating with Great Britain.
What did advocates of the social gospel believe?
Social Darwinism held the answer to problems of modern society and should be implemented in legislation.
Churches needed to help solve the problems created by a rapidly industrializing and urbanizing society.
Karl Marx’s call for a socialist revolution was necessary to fix the problems created by industrialization.
A tax-supported, state-sponsored church should serve as a unifying force among different social classes.
True salvation for society would come with secularization and turning away from traditional religion.
Churches needed to help solve the problems created by a rapidly industrializing and urbanizing society.
Which of the following statements describes the scope of the progressive impulse?
Progressivism was primarily an urban movement and almost solely made up of Democrats.
Progressivism was primarily an eastern movement comprised mostly of working-class reformers.
Progressivism was a primarily northern movement that focused on women’s issues.
Progressivism was a national movement that included both rural and urban reformers of different backgrounds.
Progressivism was a primarily rural movement that, most of all, built upon the successes of populism.
Progressivism was a national movement that included both rural and urban reformers of different backgrounds.
Who gave the famous “cross of gold” speech?
Grover Cleveland
Theodore Roosevelt
William Jennings Bryan
William McKinley
John M. Palmer
William Jennings Bryan
