Textbook Questions Unit 3

Question 1

A physician orders an antibody titer (a test to determine the presence and amount of antibodies) in a patient’s blood. The nurse knows that antibodies function to _____________.
* directly destroy foreign organ grafts
* mark invading organisms for destruction
* kill intracellular viruses
* directly promote cytokine synthesis

Answer 1

mark invading organisms for destruction

Question 2

MHC class II molecules bind _____________ to and trigger _____________.
* endogenous antigens; cytotoxic T cells
* exogenous antigens; cytotoxic T cells
* endogenous antigens; helper T cells
* exogenous antigens; helper T cells

Answer 2

exogenous antigens; helper T cells

Question 3

A patient is in trouble in the burn unit of a hospital—his body is rejecting the skin grafted over his severe injury. Rejection of a ­foreign skin graft is an example of _____________.
* destruction of virus-infected cells
* tolerance
* antibody-mediated immunity
* a cell-mediated immune response

Answer 3

a cell-mediated immune response

Question 4

Among the key molecules that control cell-mediated immunity are _____________.
* perforin
* immunoglobulins
* complement
* cytokines

Answer 4

cytokines

Question 5

Which major class of immunoglobulin is found in the mother’s milk?

IgG
IgM
IgA
IgE

Answer 5

IgA

Question 6

Which of the following lymphocytes predominates in normal blood?

T cells
B cells
plasma cells
memory cells

Answer 6

T cells

Question 7

In which of the following can B cells be found?
lymph nodes
spleen
red bone marrow
all of the above

Answer 7

all of the above

Question 8

true or false

MHC class II molecules are found on T cells

Mark each statement as either true or false. Rewrite false statements to make them true by changing the underlined words.

Answer 8

antigen-presenting cells are found on T cells

Question 9

true or false

Apoptosis is the term used to describe cellular suicide.

Mark each statement as either true or false. Rewrite false statements to make them true by changing the underlined words.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

true or false

Lymphocytes with CD8 glycoprotein are helper T cells.

Mark each statement as either true or false. Rewrite false statements to make them true by changing the underlined words.

Answer 10

cytotoxic

Question 11

true or false

Cytotoxic T cells secrete immunoglobulin.

Mark each statement as either true or false. Rewrite false statements to make them true by changing the underlined words.

Answer 11

plasma cells

Question 12

true or false

Secretion of antibodies by plasma cells (activated B cells) is a form of cell-mediated immunity.

Mark each statement as either true or false. Rewrite false statements to make them true by changing the underlined words.

Answer 12

antibody

Question 13

1. Plasma cell
2. Cytotoxic T cell
3. Th2 cell
4. Dendritic cell

A. MHC 2 molecule
B. interleukin 4
C. Perforin and granzyme
D. Immunoglobulin

Match each cell in the numbered list with its associated protein from the lettered list.

Answer 13

D. Immunoglobulin

Question 14

1. Plasma cell
   2. Cytotoxic T cell
2. Th2 cell
3. Dendritic cell

A. MHC 2 molecule
B. interleukin 4
C. Perforin and granzyme
D. Immunoglobulin

Match each cell in the numbered list with its associated protein from the lettered list.

Answer 14

C. Perforin and granzyme

Question 15

1. Plasma cell
2. Cytotoxic T cell
   3. Th2 cell
3. Dendritic cell

A. MHC 2 molecule
B. interleukin 4
C. Perforin and granzyme
D. Immunoglobulin

Match each cell in the numbered list with its associated protein from the lettered list.

Answer 15

B. interleukin 4

Question 16

1. Plasma cell
2. Cytotoxic T cell
3. Th2 cell
   4. Dendritic cell

A. MHC 2 molecule
B. interleukin 4
C. Perforin and granzyme
D. Immunoglobulin

Match each cell in the numbered list with its associated protein from the lettered list.

Answer 16

A. MHC 2 molecule

Question 17

**1. artificially acquired passive immunotherapy
**2. naturally acquired active immunity
3. naturally acquired passive immunity
4. artificially acquired active immunity

A. production of IgE in response to pollen
B. Acquisition of maternal antibodies in breast milk
C. administration of tetanus toxoid
D. Administration of antitoxin

Match each type of immunity in the numbered list with its associated example from the lettered list.

Answer 17

D. Administration of antitoxin

Question 18

1. artificially acquired passive immunotherapy
   **2. naturally acquired active immunity
   **3. naturally acquired passive immunity
2. artificially acquired active immunity

A. production of IgE in response to pollen
B. Acquisition of maternal antibodies in breast milk
C. administration of tetanus toxoid
D. Administration of antitoxin

Match each type of immunity in the numbered list with its associated example from the lettered list.

Answer 18

A. production of IgE in response to pollen

Question 19

1. artificially acquired passive immunotherapy
2. naturally acquired active immunity
   **3. naturally acquired passive immunity
   **4. artificially acquired active immunity

A. production of IgE in response to pollen
B. Acquisition of maternal antibodies in breast milk
C. administration of tetanus toxoid
D. Administration of antitoxin

Match each type of immunity in the numbered list with its associated example from the lettered list.

Answer 19

B. Acquisition of maternal antibodies in breast milk

Question 20

1. artificially acquired passive immunotherapy
2. naturally acquired active immunity
3. naturally acquired passive immunity
   4. artificially acquired active immunity

A. production of IgE in response to pollen
B. Acquisition of maternal antibodies in breast milk
C. administration of tetanus toxoid
D. Administration of antitoxin

Match each type of immunity in the numbered list with its associated example from the lettered list.

Answer 20

C. administration of tetanus toxoid

Question 21

These phagocytes of the epidermis are called ______.

Answer 21

dendritic cells

Question 22

Mucus-secreting membranes are found in ______.

the urinary system
the digestive cavity
the respiratory passages
all of the above

Answer 22

all of the above

Question 23

The complement system involves ______.

Answer 23

serum proteins involved in nonspecific defense

Question 24

The alternative complement activation pathway involves ______.

Answer 24

factors B, D, and P

Question 25

Which of the complement fragments is inflammatory? C3a C4a C5a all of the above

Answer 25

all of the above

Question 26

Interferons ______. * provide protection against viruses for cells neighboring the cell that secretes them * stimulate the activity of macrophages * can cause malaise, muscle aches, chills, headache, and fever * all of the above

Answer 26

all of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is not targeted by a Toll-like receptor?

Answer 27

eukaryotic flagellar protein

Question 28

A researcher is searching for ways to reduce chronic inflammation by blocking certain Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs directly ______.

Answer 28

bind microbial proteins and polysaccharides

Question 29

Iron-binding chemicals can protect patients from certain pathogens. Which of the following binds iron? lactoferrin siderophores transferrin all of the above

Answer 29

all of the above

Question 30

The surface cells of the epidermis of the skin are **alive**. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 30

dead

Question 31

The surface cells of mucous membranes are **alive** ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 31

true

Question 32

Wandering macrophages experience **diapedisis** ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 32

true

Question 33

**Monocytes** are immature macrophages ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 33

true

Question 34

**phagocytes** exhibit chemotaxis toward a pathogen ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 34

true

Question 35

In defensive phagocytosis, adhesion involves the binding between complementary chemicals on a phagocyte and on the membrane of a ** body cell.** ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 35

pathogen

Question 36

**Opsonization** occurs when a cell’s pseudopods surround a microbe and fuse to form a sac. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 36

ingestion

Question 37

Lysosomes fuse with phagosomes to form **peroxisomes**. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 37

phagolysosomes

Question 38

A membrane attack complex drills circular holes in a **macrophage**. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 38

pathogen's cytoplasmic membrane

Question 39

Rubor, calor, swelling, and dolor are associated with **fever**. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 39

inflammation

Question 40

Acute and chronic inflammation exhibit **similar** signs and symptoms. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 40

true

Question 41

The **hypothalamus** of the brain controls body temperature. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 41

true

Question 42

Defensins are **phagocytic parts** of the first line of defense. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 42

antimicrobail peptides

Question 43

NETs are webs produced by **neutrophils** to trap microbes. ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 43

true

Question 44

**lymphocytes** are large agranulocytes ## Footnote Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

Answer 44

monocytes

Question 45

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? Inflammation

Answer 45

Second line of defense

Question 46

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? monocytes

Answer 46

second line of defense

Question 47

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? lactoferrin

Answer 47

second line of defense

Question 48

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? fever

Answer 48

second line of defense

Question 49

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? dendritic cells

Answer 49

first line of defense

Question 50

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? alpha interferon

Answer 50

second line of defense

Question 51

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? mucous membranes of the digestive tract

Answer 51

first line of defense

Question 52

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? neutrophils

Answer 52

second line of defense

Question 53

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? epidermis

Answer 53

first line of defense

Question 54

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? lysozyme

Answer 54

first line of defense

Question 55

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? goblet cells

Answer 55

first line of defense

Question 56

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? phagocytes

Answer 56

second line of defense

Question 57

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? sebum

Answer 57

first line of defense

Question 58

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? T lymphocytes

Answer 58

third line of defense

Question 59

# Which line of defense first applies to each term? antimicrobial peptides

Answer 59

first line of defense

Question 60

Goblet cells

Answer 60

secretes mucus

Question 61

lysozyme

Answer 61

breaks bonds in bacterial cell wall

Question 62

stem cell

Answer 62

generatice cell with many types of offspring

Question 63

dendritic cell

Answer 63

devours pathogens in epidermis

Question 64

cell form sebaceous gland

Answer 64

secretes sebum

Question 65

bone marrow stem cell

Answer 65

develops into formed elements of blood

Question 66

eosinophil

Answer 66

leukocyte that primarily attacks parasitc worms

Question 67

alveolar macrophage

Answer 67

phagocytic cell in lungs

Question 68

microglia

Answer 68

phagocytic cell in central nervous system

Question 69

wandering macrophage

Answer 69

intercellular scavenger