TFN Post Test Concept of Health Flashcards
Memorize (40 cards)
Is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
WHO,1948
conceptualized health as the ability to
maintain normal roles.
Talcott Parsons (1951)
defined health as a dynamic state of being in which developmental and behavioral
the potential of an individual is realized to the fullest extent possible.
American Nurses Association (ANA)
suggest that for many people, conditions
of life rather than pathological states are what define health.
Pender et al (2006)
are activities related to maintaining,
attaining or regaining good health and preventing illness.
o EXAMPLES: Sleeping early for 8hrs-10hrs,
immunization to protect the body from diseases,
eating fruits and vegetables.
Positive health behaviors
are practices actually or potentially
harmful to one’s health.
EXAMPLES: smoking and drinking alcohol,
taking harmful or prohibited drugs, consuming
unhealthy foods
Negative health behaviors
An individual’s adaptive responses cannot maintain physical and emotional balance, which subsequently results in an impairment of functional abilities.
ILLNESS
- involves ways an individual describes, monitors, and interprets
the symptoms, take remedial actions and use healthcare
systems. - In other words, it is how people react, manage, and perceive to be
ill
ILLNESS BEHAVIOR
is the quality or state of being in good health, especially as an
actively sought goal.
WELLNESS
It is the ability to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
IMMUNITY
characterized by severe symptoms over a relatively short period of time, usually reversible
ACUTE
o gradual that lasts a long time, irreversible
o usually, 6 months or longer
o cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arthritis
CHRONIC
STAGES OF ILLNESS (Suchman, 1979)
STAGE 1: SYMPTOM EXPERIENCE
STAGE 2: ASSUMPTION OF THE SICK ROLE
STAGE 3: MEDICAL CARE CONTACT
STAGE 4: DEPENDENT OF CLIENT ROLE
STAGE 5: RECOVERY OR REHABILITATION
- The person is aware that something is wrong
- Recognizing one or more symptoms such as fever, rashes, pain, etc.
STAGE 1: SYMPTOM EXPERIENCE
- If symptoms persist and become severe, the person assumes the sick role
- Sick people seek validation from family and social groups.
STAGE 2: ASSUMPTION OF THE SICK ROLE
- The sick person seeks out a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
- May give up independence.
STAGE 3: MEDICAL CARE CONTACT
- The client depends on healthcare professionals to relieve symptoms.
- Requires assistance in carrying out the activities of daily living; needs emotional support.
STAGE 4: DEPENDENT OF CLIENT ROLE
- The client may return to health at a higher level of functioning,
- Resumes normal activities and responsibilities.
STAGE 5: RECOVERY OR REHABILITATION
IMPACT OF ILLNESS TO THE CLIENT & THE FAMILY
- ON CLIENT
o Behavioral and emotional changes
o Changes in self-concept and body image
o Lifestyle changes
IMPACT OF ILLNESS TO THE CLIENT & THE FAMILY
- ON THE FAMILY
o Role changes
o Task reassignments and extra demands on time
o Increased stress and conflict
o Financial problems
o Loneliness
o Change in social customs
SIX LINKS IN THE CHAIN OF INFECTION
Infectious agent: The microorganism or bug that causes disease, such as a virus, bacteria, parasite, or fungus
Reservoir: The environment or habitat where the microorganism lives and multiplies, such as people, animals, food, soil, or water
Portal of exit: How the microorganism leaves the reservoir, such as through the mouth, skin, or genitourinary tract
Mode of transmission: How the microorganism is spread from one person or place to another, such as through contact, droplets, or other means
Portal of entry: How the infection enters another individual, such as through the mouth
Susceptible host: The person who is vulnerable to infection
3 LEVELS OF PREVENTIVE CARE
- PRIMARY PREVENTION
o seeks to prevent a disease or condition
o applied to clients considered physically and
emotionally healthy. - SECONDARY PREVENTION
o focuses on individuals experiencing health problems
or illnesses and are at risk for developing complications
or worsening conditions. - TERTIARY PREVENTION
o occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible.
o involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration.
- HEALTH PROMOTION
o Health education programs
o Immunizations
o Nutritional programs
o Physical fitness activities - SPECIFIC PROTECTION:
o Immunization for influenza
o Hearing protection in occupational settings
o Use of seatbelts and bike helmets
o Control on the use of hazardous products
PRIMARY PREVENTION
- EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND PROMPT TREATMENT
o Screening activities
o Selective examinations - DISABILITY LIMITATIONS
o Adequate treatment to arrest the disease process
o Provision of facilities to limit disability & death
SECONDARY PREVENTION
