biochem protiens FUNCTIONS AND CLASSIFICATION Flashcards
Memorize (50 cards)
FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS
- Structure
- Catalysts
- Defense
- Messenger
- Transport
- Storage
- Regulatory
- Movement/Contractile
- Nutrient
CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS
A. According to the number of polypeptide chains
B. According to composition.
C. According to Shape
component of cartilage and skin
Collagen (Structure)
Component of skin that provides its elasticity
Elastin (Structure)
Mechanical strength and protective covering to hair, fingernails, feathers, hooves, etc.
Keratin (Structure)
Proteins stiffness and rigidity to otherwise fluid-like biochemical systems.
Structure
-all reactions in living systems are catalyzed by proteins called Enzymes.
-they speed biochemical reactions so that metabolic processes will continue
Catalysts
hydrolyzes starch to maltose
Amylase
hydrolyzes lipids to fatty acids
Lipase
Catalyze reduction-oxidation reactions.
Oxidases
Proteins are central to the functioning of the body’s immune system
Defense
Bind to foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, to help combat the invasion of the body by a foreign substance
immunoglobulin or Antibodies
Transmit signals to coordinate biochemical processes between different cells, tissues, organs
Hormones
Proteins bind to particular small biomolecules, transport them to other locations in the body, and then release the small molecules as needed at their destination.
Transport
carries oxygen from the lungs to other organs and tissue
Hemoglobin
carries iron from the liver to the bone marrow
Transferrin
Proteins bind and store small molecules for future use
Storage
It is an oxygen-storage protein present in muscles. It is a reserve oxygen source for working muscles.
Myoglobin
stores iron for use in the biosynthesis of the new hemoglobin molecule
Ferritin
Proteins are “embedded” in the exterior surface of cell membranes. They help control the movement of molecules through the membrane and act as sites where messenger molecules bind.
Regulatory
3 Regulatory proteins
> Receptor proteins
Channel proteins
Glycoproteins
Muscles are composed of filament–like contractile proteins that, in response to nerve stimuli, undergo conformation changes that involve contraction and extension
Movement/Contractile
Are contractile proteins present in muscles?
Myosin and Actin
Some proteins are important in the early stages of life because they provide nourishment.
Nutrient
