The 2nd Trimester Detailed Anatomy Scan

Question 1

pario

Answer 1

to bear

Question 2

when is baby considered viable

Answer 2

24 weeks gestation

Question 3

gestation

Answer 3

development from conception to birth

Question 4

perinatology

Answer 4

study of an infant before, during, and after birth

Question 5

Hyster/hystero

Answer 5

uterus or womb

Question 6

salpinx

Answer 6

Fallopian or uterine tubes

Question 7

Parturient

Answer 7

woman in labor

Question 8

bleeding with pain can be (2)

Answer 8

Abruption (marginal or retroplacental)
Ectopic

Question 9

bleeding without pain can be (3)

Answer 9

Placenta previa
Molar pregnancy
Implantation bleed

Question 10

detailed anatomy scan performee between __ and ____ weeks

Answer 10

18
20

Question 11

supine hypotension

Answer 11

caused by pregnancy putting pressure on the IVC and lower aorta reducing venous return = BP/HR drop = syncope

Question 12

what way to role patient if going to pas out

Answer 12

onto left side (away from you)

Question 13

overall sag sweep (4)

Answer 13

position of fetus
fetal heart motion
number of fetuses
presence of amniotic fluid

Question 14

trans sweep overall (2)

Answer 14

fibroids on the uterus
adnexal masses usually arising from ovary

Question 15

7 maternal images

Answer 15

sag cervix
sag fundus
placenta postion (sa/trans)
cervix/placenta distance
placenta cord insertion
adnexae/ovaries
fetal enviro (amniotic fluid)

Question 16

normal length of cervix

Answer 16

> 3cm

Question 17

if cervix 9cm what do you do

Answer 17

likely braxton hicks so wait for contraction to stop and remeasure

Question 18

placenta should be a minimum of _____ away from the internal os of the cervix

Answer 18

2cm

Question 19

previa

Answer 19

low lying baby (placenta <2cm from cervix)

Question 20

cord insertion should be ___ from placental edge in both planes

Answer 20

> 2cm

Question 21

is fluid measured during 2nd trimester scan

Answer 21

no

Question 22

what two pockets of amniotic fluid can be measure

Answer 22

deepest vertical pocket (DVP)
single deepest pocket (SDP)

Question 23

AFI is done after

Answer 23

amniotic fluid index measurement
26-28weeks

Question 24

_____ = polyhydramnios
_____ = oligohydroamnios

Answer 24

8cm
2x1cm

Question 25

if fetus lying up start with

Answer 25

heart then face/profile

Question 26

if fetus lying with back up start with

Answer 26

spine and kidneys

Question 27

fetal anatomy groupings (6)

Answer 27

head spine (kidneys) abdomen heart limbs genitalia

Question 28

8 fetal head images

Answer 28

BPD/HC choroid plexus ventricles cerebllar image/post fossa orbital image face image nose lip image profile

Question 29

colichocephalic

Answer 29

narrow head

Question 30

brachycephalic

Answer 30

wide head

Question 31

calvarium

Answer 31

bones of head

Question 32

highest straight plane in head

Answer 32

transventricular

Question 33

lower straight plane in head

Answer 33

transthalamic

Question 34

oblique plane in head

Answer 34

transcerebellar

Question 35

BPD is perpendicular to ____ and measured from ____ to ___

Answer 35

falx outer bone edge inner bone edge

Question 36

BPD assesses (5)

Answer 36

cavum septi pellucidi thalami third ventricle falx cerebri size, shape, integrity, and bone density of cranium

Question 37

ventricular image is an ___ view of the head just above the _______ plane. It is taken at the level of the ____ and the ____ is the anterior landmark

Answer 37

axial transthalamic lat ventricles CSP

Question 38

do you measure ant or post ventricle

Answer 38

post due to reverb artifact on ant one

Question 39

upper limit of normal for lat ventricles

Answer 39

10mm

Question 40

choroid plexus image is used to asses the ____ of both choroid together

Answer 40

echotexture

Question 41

CPC

Answer 41

choroid plexus cysts

Question 42

3 things cerebellar/post fossa image is used for

Answer 42

asses cerebellar size/shape presence/size of cisterna magna nuchal fold thickness

Question 43

cisterna magna upper limit of normal

Answer 43

10mm

Question 44

nuchal fold thickness upper limit of normal

Answer 44

6mm

Question 45

hypertelorism

Answer 45

eyes too far apart

Question 46

hypotelorism

Answer 46

eyes too close together

Question 47

microopthalmia

Answer 47

small eyes

Question 48

anopthalima

Answer 48

no eyes

Question 49

what do you need to see to rule out anopthalima

Answer 49

lenses of the eyes

Question 50

tangential plane

Answer 50

plane used to image the nose and lips

Question 51

nose/lip image used to rule out

Answer 51

cleft lip abnormal nostrils

Question 52

micrognathia

Answer 52

small mandible

Question 53

retrognathia

Answer 53

receding chin

Question 54

how to locate profile

Answer 54

find BPD slide to front of head rotate 90 to get profile

Question 55

BPD taken in _____ plane

Answer 55

transthalamic

Question 56

post fossa taken in ____ plane

Answer 56

transcerebellar

Question 57

fetal spine images (3)

Answer 57

sag upper mid lower spine trans at level of sacrum (iliac crests) trans kidneys +/- sag kidneys

Question 58

what is the visible portion of the spine on US

Answer 58

3 ossification centers

Question 59

the ant ossification center is the ____

Answer 59

vertebrak body

Question 60

the post ossification centers are the _____

Answer 60

pedicle laminar junction

Question 61

ossification is not complete until ____ weeks gestation

Answer 61

18

Question 62

2 images taken for sag spine

Answer 62

one distal for sacrum one cephalic for cervical spine into cranium

Question 63

what should you try to visualize on sag spine levels

Answer 63

skin line

Question 64

what is most important sweep for spine

Answer 64

sweep in trans

Question 65

trans spine includes and where is spine

Answer 65

3 oss centers iliac crests spine up

Question 66

what is also usually seen in trans spine image

Answer 66

fetal bladder

Question 67

renal pelvises are ___ and minimally dilated up to ___. ___ is the upper limit of normal in the 2nd trimester

Answer 67

hypoechoic 3mm 5mm

Question 68

for kidney image have spine where and what level is it taken at

Answer 68

spine in middle at level of renal pelvis

Question 69

adrenals are ___ with _____ centers

Answer 69

hypoechoic echogenic

Question 70

are adrenals a required image

Answer 70

no

Question 71

7 fetal abdomen images

Answer 71

abd circumference stomach cord insertion into bladder bladder 2 umbilical arteris 3 vessel cord +/- sag diaphragm with stomach or heart

Question 72

AC used for (2)

Answer 72

presence of stomach position of organs (situs)

Question 73

____ may be seen on AC and confused as stomach

Answer 73

GB

Question 74

AC landmarks (6)

Answer 74

stomach umbilical vein -> portal sinus round shape rib symmetry adrenal glands (not kidneys) spine (lateral orientation)

Question 75

bladder should fill and empty every ___

Answer 75

20 mins

Question 76

presence of bladder indicates

Answer 76

at least one functioning kidney

Question 77

umbilical cord consists of

Answer 77

2 arteries and 1 vein

Question 78

image umbilical cord in ___

Answer 78

trans

Question 79

image cord insertion into _____ and into ____

Answer 79

abdominal wall placenta

Question 80

cord should insert into the placenta more than ____ away from edge of placenta

Answer 80

2cm

Question 81

2 umbilical arteries at bladder will add ___ or ____ doppler

Answer 81

colour power

Question 82

assess location of ___ in relation to diaphragm

Answer 82

stomach

Question 83

long image of abd/chest assess echotexture of lungs compared to _____

Answer 83

liver

Question 84

lungs should be ____ to ____ to liver

Answer 84

isoechoic slightly hyperechoic

Question 85

logn abd/chest includes (3)

Answer 85

heart diaprhagm stomach

Question 86

long abd/chest taken in what plane

Answer 86

parasagittal on the left

Question 87

large bowel ____ in diameter at term

Answer 87

17mm

Question 88

what trimester may include meconium partical and appear more hypoechoic and prominant

Answer 88

3rd

Question 89

8 fetal heart images

Answer 89

4 chamber view left outflow tract right outlflow tracg 3 vessel view IVS (horiz 4CH) heart axis/situs heart rate (m mode) +/- sag diaphragm with heart

Question 90

from abd AC view slide cephalic to find (4 fetal heart images in order)

Answer 90

4CH LVOT RVOT 3 vessel view

Question 91

what image is m mode taken in

Answer 91

4Ch

Question 92

3 things to look for in 4Ch

Answer 92

heart position: left of midline heart axis: apex 45 degrees left heart size: occupies 1/3 of chest

Question 93

fetal heart optimization (4)

Answer 93

fetal echo preset OR decrease sector width zoom increase contrast (decrease dynamic range)

Question 94

4Ch apex should be pointed

Answer 94

up

Question 95

if you have IVS _____ to apex to get 4CH

Answer 95

slide

Question 96

LVOT included

Answer 96

LV RV AoV LA think A3C

Question 97

RVOT includes

Answer 97

RA RV PA think PSAX base

Question 98

cine clip of heart should be _____s long for fetal heart sweep

Answer 98

6-12

Question 99

fetal heart sweep includes (5)

Answer 99

stomach 4CH LVOT RVOT 3 vessel view

Question 100

look at BPP notes/someone else flashcards

Answer 100

okay