the back

Question 1

latissimus dorsi P

Answer 1

Propelling a wheelchair forward, Pushing downwards on the arms of a chair

Question 2

latissimus dorsi MA

Answer 2

EXTENDS the shoulder
ADDUCTS the shoulder
INTERNALLY ROTATES (medially) the shoulder

(GHJ Joint)

Question 3

latissimus dorsi PA

Answer 3

• Inferior angle of scapula
• Spinous Processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
• Thoracolumbar fascia
  -Iliac Crest
• Inferior 3 or 4 ribs

Question 4

latissimus dorsi DA

Answer 4

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 5

latissimus dorsi N

Answer 5

Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, and C8

Question 6

Trapezius P

Answer 6

• Reaching for an object overhead (UT, LT)
• Rowing a Kayak or Canoe (MT)

Question 7

Trapezius MA

Answer 7

Upper Fibers:
- Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
- Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
- Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
- Elevate the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST Joint)

Middle Fibers:
- Adduct the scapula (ST Joint)
- Stabilize the scapula (ST Joint)

Lower Fibers:
- Depress the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly Rotate the scapula (ST Joint)

Question 8

trapezius PA

Answer 8

• External occipital protuberance
• Medial 1/3rd of superior nuchal line of the occiput
• Ligamentum nuchae
• SP of C7 and T12

Question 9

trapezius DA

Answer 9

• Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
• Acromion
• Spine of scapula

Question 10

trapezius N

Answer 10

• Spinal accessory nerve (CN Xl)
• Ventral Ramus C3 and C4 (pain and proprioceptive fibers)

Question 11

levator scapulae P

Answer 11

Shrugging the shoulders, carrying a briefcase, or backpack on one shoulder

Question 12

levator scapulae MA

Answer 12

Unilaterally:
- ELEVATE the scapulae
- DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula

(ST Joint)

Question 13

levator scapulae PA

Answer 13

Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4

Question 14

levator scapulae DA

Answer 14

Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine of scapula

Question 15

levator scapulae N

Answer 15

Cervical C3 and C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)

Question 16

rhomboid major and minor P

Answer 16

Reaching into a back pocket

Question 17

rhomboid major and minor MA

Answer 17

• ADDUCT/ RETRACT the scapula
• DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula (ST Joint)
• FIX scapula to thoracic wall (ST Joint)

Question 18

rhomboid major and minor PA

Answer 18

Major: SP of T2 to T5
Minor: Nuchal ligament; SP of C7 to T1

Question 18

rhomboid major and minor N

Answer 18

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

Question 18

rhomboid major and minor DA

Answer 18

Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
Minor: medial border of the scapular spine

Question 19

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis P

Answer 19

Social interaction, driving

Question 20

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis MA

Answer 20

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes the neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles

Acting bilaterally: extend the head and neck

Question 21

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis PA

Answer 21

Nuchal ligament and SP C7-T6 Vertebrae

Question 22

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis DA

Answer 22

Splenius Capitis: Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Splenius Cervicis: TP of C1-C4 vertebrae

Question 23

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis N

Answer 23

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 24

Erector Spinae P

Answer 24

Maintaining an upright posture for ADLs/IADLs

Question 25

Erector Spinae MA

Answer 25

Unilaterally: Laterally flex the vertebral column to the ipsilateral side Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column

Question 26

Erector Spinae PA

Answer 26

TC Fascia that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

Question 27

Erector Spinae DA

Answer 27

- Ilicostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP - Longissimus: between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP - Spinalis: upper thoracic SP and to cranium

Question 28

Erector Spinae N

Answer 28

Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves

Question 29

Rotatores (brevis and longus) P

Answer 29

Tai Chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

Question 30

Rotatores (brevis and longus) MA

Answer 30

Unilaterally: Rotates the vertebral column to the contralateral side Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column locally Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

Question 31

Rotatores (brevis and longus) IA

Answer 31

TP of vertebrae

Question 32

Rotatores (brevis and longus) SA

Answer 32

SP of lumbar vertebrae through C2 (spans 1-2 vertebrae)

Question 33

Rotatores (brevis and longus) N

Answer 33

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 34

Multifidus P

Answer 34

Tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

Question 35

Multifidus MA

Answer 35

Unilaterally: Lateral Flexion and rotate contralaterally Bilaterally: Extends the vertebral column Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

Question 36

Multifidus IA

Answer 36

arises from posterior sacrum, PSUIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, SI ligaments, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7

Question 37

Multifidus SA

Answer 37

thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of SP, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment

Question 38

Multifidus N

Answer 38

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 39

Semispinalis P

Answer 39

Using a computer workstation, looking overhead

Question 40

Semispinalis MA

Answer 40

Extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine Rotates them contralaterally

Question 41

Semispinalis IA

Answer 41

TP of C4 to T12

Question 42

Semispinalis SA

Answer 42

Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments

Question 43

Semispinalis N

Answer 43

cervical dorsal rami of spinal cervical nerves

Question 44

Suboccipitals P

Answer 44

Scanning a computer monitor, reading a boook

Question 45

Suboccipitals MA

Answer 45

Rectus capitis posterior major,minor, and oblique capitis superior- rock and tilt the head back into extension Rectus capitis posterior major/ minor and oblique capitis inferior- rotate the head to the same side Oblique capitis superior- laterally flex the head to the same side

Question 46

Suboccipitals N

Answer 46

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)

Question 47

Rectus capitis superior major Origin & Insertion

Answer 47

Origin: Spinous process of C2 Insertion: Lateral inferior nuchal line

Question 48

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Answer 48

Origin: posterior tubercle vertebra C1 Insertion: Medial inferior nuchal line

Question 49

Oblique capitis inferior

Answer 49

Origin: SP of C2 Insertion: TP of C1

Question 50

Oblique capitis superior

Answer 50

Origin: TP of C1 Insertion: Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal line