The brain

Question 1

What are the 3 types of cerebral cortex?

Answer 1

Neocortex
Hippocampus
Olfactory cortex

Question 2

What cortex of the brain is only present in mammals?

Answer 2

The neocortex

Question 3

Function of the olfactory cortex

Answer 3

Receives sensory information

Question 4

Function of the hippocampus

Answer 4

Memory processing

Question 5

Location of the hippocampus

Answer 5

Found in each temporal lobe

Question 6

What are the subsections found in the neocortex?

Answer 6

Frontal lobe
Lateral sulcus
Central sulcus
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe

Question 7

What does the central sulcus separate?

Answer 7

Frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

Question 8

Location of lateral sulcus

Answer 8

In the temporal lobe

Question 9

Name the 6 layers of the neocortex

Answer 9

Molecular
Extr Granular
Extr Pyramidal
Intr Granular
Intr Pyramidal
Fusiform layer

Question 10

What is a golgi stain used for?

Answer 10

Randomly stains neurons with silver chromate
- Sows dendrites

Question 11

What is a toluidine blue stain used for?

Answer 11

Show cells bodies

Question 12

What is wiegert pal stain used for?

Answer 12

Stains myelin

Question 13

What 2 ways can the neocortex be mapped?

Answer 13

Broadman’s cytoarchitectural map
Using lesions or direct stimulation

Question 14

Name 3 types of non-invasive functional imaging and their mechanisms

Answer 14

PET (blood flow)
fMRI (blood flow)
EEG (electrical activity)

Question 15

What can be seen in the lateral view in the neocortex?

Answer 15

Primary sensory areas (visual and auditory)
Secondary sensory areas
Motor areas

Question 16

What can be seen in the medial view in the neocortex?

Answer 16

Limbic lobe
Cortex of cingulate gyrus
Cortex on medial aspect of temporal lobe
Hippocampus

Question 17

What structure is hidden in the neocortex?

Answer 17

The insula

Question 18

What is in the basal forebrain?

Answer 18

Basal ganglia
Amygdala

Question 19

What do the commissural fibres connect?

Answer 19

Between the hemispheres

Question 20

What do the projection fibres link?

Answer 20

Non cortical areas

Question 21

What do the association fibres link?

Answer 21

Areas within the hemisphere

Question 22

What is an example of a structure through which a large amount of commissural fibres project

Answer 22

Corpus callosum

Question 23

What is the caudal forebrain formed from the neural tube?

Answer 23

Diencephalon

Question 24

Define a nucleus

Answer 24

A group of neuronal cell bodies which perform the same function

Question 25

How does the thalamus connect to the neocortex?

Answer 25

Via projection fibres

Question 26

Define a relay station

Answer 26

Nuclei that feed info into many different sections of the brain

Question 27

Function of the thalamus

Answer 27

Relay station
Connects neocortex to many different CNS regions

Question 28

How many nuclei are in the thalamus?

Answer 28

50

Question 29

How many major nuclei are in the hypothalamus?

Answer 29

11 major nuclei

Question 30

Function of the hypothalamus

Answer 30

Master regulator of homeostasis
Controls motivated behaviours

Question 31

Location of the hypothalamus

Answer 31

Below the thalamus, around the 3rd ventricle

Question 32

How does the hypothalamus link the body to the mind?

Answer 32

Via ANS and pituitary

Question 33

Describe the axons that project through the corpus callosum and the internal capsule

Answer 33

Projection fibres
Commissural fibres