The Brain

Question 1

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 1

Primary motor activity, behavior, speech production, emotional changes (flatness)– relating to behavior

Question 2

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 2

Primary somatosensory and proprioception; association of somatosensory, vision, audition; formation of egocentric space and sense of self.

Question 3

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 3

Audition, olfaction, memory

Question 4

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 4

Vision

Question 5

What is the end of the spinal cord called?

Answer 5

Conus medullaris

Question 6

Which part of the spinal cord are the sensory nerve tracts?

Answer 6

Dorsal horns

Question 7

Which part of the spinal cord are the motor neurons?

Answer 7

Ventral horns

Question 8

What 3 structures make up the brainstem?

Answer 8

Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla oblongata

Question 9

What is the medulla oblongata responsible for?

Answer 9

Respiration, cardiac center, vasomotor center, reflex centers for vomiting, swallowing, coughing, sneezing

Question 10

What are the corticospinal tracts?

Answer 10

Pyramids

Question 11

Where are the pyramids?

Answer 11

Medulla oblongata

Question 12

What is the decussation of the pyramids?

Answer 12

Where motor fibers from the left hemisphere cross to the right and vice versa.

Question 13

What CN nuclei are in the medulla oblongata?

Answer 13

CN IX, X, XI, XII (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal)

Question 14

What does the name “pons” mean?

Answer 14

Bridge

Question 15

What does the pons contain?

Answer 15

Fiber tracts connecting the medulla and cerebellum with upper portions of the brain

Question 16

What is the pons responsible for?

Answer 16

Respiratory centers that work with the medulla

Question 17

What CN nuclei are in the pons?

Answer 17

CN V (motor), VI, VII, and part of VIII (trigeminal, Abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear)

Question 18

Where is the substantia nigra located?

Answer 18

midbrain

Question 19

What does the midbrain contain?

Answer 19

cerebral pundlecles; connecting tracts from pons to cerebellum

Question 20

What is the Substantia Nigra?

Answer 20

Dopamine producing regions

Question 21

What is the Corpora quadrigemina?

Answer 21

The masses that make up the superior and inferior colliculi.

Question 22

where is the Corpora quadrigemina?

Answer 22

Midbrain

Question 23

What CN nuclei are in the midbrain?

Answer 23

CN III, IV, V (sensory) (oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal)

Question 24

What ventricular structure passes through the midbrain?

Answer 24

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 25

What ventricular structure is located in the medulla?

Answer 25

Part of the 4th ventricle

Question 26

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

Answer 26

balance/posture, learning of motions, cognitive functions, motor coordination

Question 27

What will damage to the cerebellum result in?

Answer 27

lack of coordination in gait, speech, etc

Question 28

What are the hemispheres of the cerebrum connected by?

Answer 28

The corpus callosum

Question 29

What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?

Answer 29

sensorimotor integration and perceptive qualities of our experiences

Question 30

What is a gyrus?

Answer 30

convolution of cortex

Question 31

what is a sulcus?

Answer 31

gap between the gyri

Question 32

What is the longitudinal fissure?

Answer 32

divides the brain into the right and left hemispheres

Question 33

What is the Lateral (Sylvian) sulcus?

Answer 33

separates temporal lobes from the frontal lobes

Question 34

What is the central sulcus?

Answer 34

Separates frontal lobe from the parietal lobes

Question 35

Where is the sensory homunculus represented?

Answer 35

postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe

Question 36

Where is the motor homonculus represented?

Answer 36

on the pre central gyrus of the frontal lobe

Question 37

What is received by the thalamus?

Answer 37

all sensory stimuli, except olfactory

Question 38

What happens to the sensory stimuli from the thalamus?

Answer 38

integrated and relayed through thalamocortical radiations to specific cortical areas

Question 39

What comprises the walls and floors of the third ventricle?

Answer 39

The hypothalamus

Question 40

What is the hypothalamus chief region for?

Answer 40

integration of the autonomic nervous system

Question 41

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 41

Regulates water balance, body temperature, and thirst

Question 42

What antidiuretic hormone is produced in the hypothalamus?

Answer 42

Oxytocin