The Elbow

Question 1

Synovial Joints

Answer 1

• Articular Disc: “meniscus” helps fill gaps and
distribute the weight at the joint
• Bursa: closed bag of lubricant, reduce friction
where body parts move over one another
• Tendon sheath: closed bag of lubricant, wraps
around tendons subjected to friction

Question 2

what movements does the elbow joint allow

Answer 2

The elbow joint is a hinge that allows only extension and flexion

Question 3

what forms the hinge and stabilizes the joint?

Answer 3

Even though both the radius and ulna articulate with the condyles of the humerus, it is the close gripping of the humerus by the ulna’s trochlear notch

Question 4

The articular capsule attaches to what

Answer 4

attaches to the humerus and ulna and to the anular ligament of the radius, a ring around the head of the radius

Question 5

how does the capsule prevent lateral and medial movements?

Answer 5

the capsule thickens into strong ligaments laterally and medially

Question 6

what two ligaments prevent lateral and medial movements

Answer 6

the radial collateral ligament, a triangular band on the lateral side, and the ulnar collateral ligament on the medial side

Question 7

what tendons cross the elbow joint and provide stability

Answer 7

Tendons of several arm muscles, such as the biceps brachii and triceps brachii

Question 8

what surrounds the synovial cavity

Answer 8

the synovial membrane and articular cartilage

Question 9

what muscles allow elbow flexion

Answer 9

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Question 10

what muscles allow elbow extension

Answer 10

triceps brachii, anconeus

Question 11

Humeroulnar joint

Answer 11

Hinge joint

trochlea of humerus convex to trochlear notch on ulna concave

Question 12

Humeroradial joint

Answer 12

Pivot joint

between head of radius convex and radial notch of ulna concave

Question 13

Annular ligament

Answer 13

wraps around head of radius to stabilize proximal radioulnar joint

Question 14

Ligaments of the elbow

Answer 14

Medial collateral/ulnar
Lateral collateral/radial
Annular
Interosseus membrane

Question 15

Ulna

Answer 15

Makes up part of the elbow joint, superior end (olecrnon process) locks into the humerus with extension, radius rolls over ulna

Question 16

Olecrnon Process

Answer 16

Proximal end of the ulna, posterior aspect of the elbow, half moon shape

Question 17

Medial epicondyle serves as the axis for rotation of the _____

Answer 17

Ulna on the humerus

Question 18

______ is disk shaped and concave to allow gliding and rotation on the capitellum, significantly enhancing the elbow’s stability.

Answer 18

radial head

Question 19

The elbow relies on the integrity of four individual articulations… (4)

Answer 19

Humeroulnar joint
Humeroradial joint
Proximal radioulnar joint
Distal radioulnar joint

Question 20

Primary nerves that cross the elbow (3)

Answer 20

Median
Ulnar
Radial

Question 21

Median nerve

Answer 21

Nerve that crosses the anterior elbow in the same path as the brachial artery

Question 22

Ulnar nerve

Answer 22

Nerve that provides sensory and motor innervation to the hand