The haber process Flashcards
(9 cards)
Equation for the haber process
Nitrogen + hydrogen = ammonia
What type of reaction is the haber process
A reversible reaction
How does the haber process work
- N… is obtained from the a…
- H… mainly comes from reacting m… with steam to form h… and CO2
- The reactant g… are passed over an i… catalyst at a temp of …°C and a high p… of … atmospheres
- Because the reaction is r… some of the a… that is produced c… back into hydrogen and n…
- The ammonia is formed as a g…, but is cooled so c… and is removed, and the u… hydrogen and n… are r…
- The ammonia produced can be used to make a… nitrate
—>a very good f…
- Nitrogen is obtained from the air
- Hydrogen mainly comes from reacting methane with steam to form hydrogen and CO2
- The reactant gases are passed over an iron catalyst at a temp of 450°C and a high pressure of 200 atmppsheres
- Because the reaction is reversible some of the ammonia that is produced converts back into hydrogen and nitrogen
- The ammonia is formed as a gas, but is cooled so condenses and is removed, and the unused hydrogen and nitrogen are recycled
- The ammonia produced can be used to make ammonium nitrate
—>a very good fertiliser
Is the forward reaction if the haber process Exothermic or endothermic
Exothermic
What does increasing the temperature do in the haber process
-it moves the position of equilibrium the wrong way so less ammonia is produced
Why is the yield in the haber process better at lower temperatures
-because decreasing the temp moves the position of equilibrium the right way, so more ammonia is produced
Does increasing pressure lower or increase the yield of the haber process
Increase, it moves the position of equilibrium to the products ans increases the rate of reaction
What is the issue with lower temps in the haber process
The rate or reaction is very slow
What catalyst is used in the haber process
An iron catalyst
