THE HEART

Question 1

The right side of the heart receives what kind of blood

Answer 1

oxygen-poor blood

Question 2

The left side of the heart receives what kind of blood

Answer 2

oxygen-rich blood

Question 3

Blood vessels of the _____________ are the ones that carry blood to and from the lungs.

Answer 3

pulmonary circuit

Question 4

The blood vessels that carry blood to and from all body tissues form the ________________.

Answer 4

systemic circuit

Question 5

Right side: receives oxygen-poor blood from ____________ and then sends this blood to the _____ to pick up oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

Answer 5

Body tissues

lungs

Question 6

Left side: receives the oxygenated blood returning from the _______ and pumps this blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutrients to ________

Answer 6

lungs

body tissues

Question 7

The receiving chambers

Answer 7

The right and left atria

Question 8

The pumping chambers

Answer 8

The right and left ventricles

Question 9

The right atrium receives blood returning from the _________

Answer 9

systemic circuit

Question 10

The left atrium receives blood returning from the _________

Answer 10

pulmonary circuit

Question 11

The right ventricle pumps blood into the __________

Answer 11

pulmonary circuit

Question 12

The left ventricle pumps blood into the ___________

Answer 12

systemic circuit

Question 13

describe the heart in 3 words

Answer 13

fist, hollow, cone

Question 14

mass of heart

Answer 14

250 g to 350 g (less than a pound)

Question 15

the heart is enclosed within

Answer 15

the medial cavity of the thorax mediastinum

Question 16

the apex of the heart points inferiorly towards what?

Answer 16

the left hip

Question 17

If you press your fingers between the fifth and sixth ribs just below the left nipple, you can easily feel the ___________ caused by your beating heart’s apex where it touches the chest wall.

Answer 17

apical impulse

Question 18

the double walled sac that encloses the heart.

Answer 18

pericardium

Question 19

what are the 2 layers of the pericardium

Answer 19

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

Question 20

The loosely fitting superficial part of this sac

Answer 20

fibrous pericardium

Question 21

describe fibrous pericardium

Answer 21

tough and dense connective tissue layer

Question 22

what are the 3 things the fibrous pericardium does

Answer 22

protects the heart
anchors it to surrounding structures
prevents overfilling of the heart with blood

Question 23

Deep to the fibrous pericardium, a thin, slippery, two-Layered serous membrane that forms a closed sac around the heart.

Answer 23

serous pericardium

Question 24

the serous pericardium is made up of 2 layers what are they

Answer 24

parietal and visceral layer

Question 25

lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Answer 25

parietal layer

Question 26

the epicardium, an integral part of the heart wall.

Answer 26

visceral layer

Question 27

Between the parietal and visceral layers

Answer 27

pericardial cavity

Question 28

Pericardial cavity: contains a film of

Answer 28

serous fluid

Question 29

The serous membranes, lubricated by the fluid, glide smoothly past one another, allowing the mobile heart to work in a relatively ___________

Answer 29

friction free environment

Question 30

At the superior margin of the heart, the ________ attaches to the large arteries exiting the heart, and then turns inferiorly and continues over the external heart surface as the _________

Answer 30

parietal layer | visceral layer

Question 31

what are the 3 layers of the heart wall

Answer 31

Superficial epicardium Myocardium Endocardium

Question 32

is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. It is often infiltrated with fat, especially in older people.

Answer 32

superficial epicardium

Question 33

Myocardium: the ____ layer, composed mainly of ________ and forms the _______ of the heart. This is the layer that ______.

Answer 33

middle cardiac muscle bulk contracts

Question 34

The branching cardiac muscle cells are tethered to one another by criss crossing connective tissue fibers and arranged in spiral or circular ______. These ________ effectively _____ all parts of the heart together.

Answer 34

bundles interlacing bundles link

Question 35

The connective tissue fibers form a dense network, the __________, that ______ the myocardium internally and ______ the cardiac muscle fibers. This network of _____ and ______ is thicker in some areas than others.

Answer 35

``` fibrous cardiac skeleton reinforces anchors collagen elastic fibers ```