The Knee

Question 1

What bones articulate at the knee?

Answer 1

Femur
Patella
Tibia

Question 2

3 joints at the knee

Answer 2

Patellofemoral joint
Tibiofemoral joint (Knee)
Proximal tibiofibular joint

Question 3

6 connective tissues in the knee

Answer 3

ACL
PCL
MCL
LCL
Lateral and medial meniscus

Question 4

What is the ACL?

Answer 4

Anterior cruciate ligament
Limits anterior displacement of the tibia relative to femur and limits excessive rotation

Question 5

What is the PCL?

Answer 5

Posterior cruciate ligament
Limits posterior displacement of tibia in relation to femur

Question 6

What is the LCL?

Answer 6

Lateral collateral ligament which provides lateral stability against verum stress

Question 7

What is the MCL?

Answer 7

Medial collateral ligament which provides medial stability for knee valgum and excessive external rotation

Question 8

Movements at the knee

Answer 8

Flexion
Extension
External rotation
Internal rotation

Question 9

Muscles compartments of the knees and their roles

Answer 9

Anterior - extension
Posterior - flexion

Question 10

Anterior muscles in the knee

Answer 10

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

Question 11

Posterior muscles of the knee

Answer 11

Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Sartorius
Gracilis
- Popliteus
- Gastrocnemius
- Plantaris

Question 12

Biarticular muscles

Answer 12

Articulate at two joints, meaning their origin/insertions cross two joints.

Question 13

Biarticular muscles at the knee

Answer 13

Rectus femoris
Biceps femoris LH
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Sartorius
Gracilis

Question 14

Biceps femoris origins

Answer 14

LH: Ischial tuberosity
SH: Lower linea aspera

Question 15

Biceps femoris insertion

Answer 15

(Laterally) Head of fibula and lateral tibial condyle

Question 16

Innervation of biceps femoris

Answer 16

Sciatic nerve

Question 17

Biceps femoris palpation

Answer 17

Posterolateral aspect of upper leg (w/ Knee flexion and external rotation)

Question 18

Semimembranosus origin

Answer 18

Ischial tuberosity

Question 19

Semitendinosus origin

Answer 19

Ischial tuberosity

Question 20

Semimembranosus insertion

Answer 20

Posterior of medial tibial condyle

Question 21

Semitendinosus insertion

Answer 21

Anterior of tibia, just below medial condyle.

Question 22

Innervation of semimembranosus

Answer 22

Sciatic nerve

Question 23

Innervation of semitendinosus

Answer 23

Sciatic nerve

Question 24

Palpation of semi membranosis and semi tendanosis

Answer 24

Posterolateral aspect of upper leg with knee flexion and external rotation.

Question 25

Rectus femoris origin

Answer 25

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Question 26

Rectus femoris insertion

Answer 26

Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon) and superior aspect of patella

Question 27

Innervation of rectus femoris

Answer 27

Femoral nerve

Question 28

Vastus intermedius origin

Answer 28

Upper 2/3 of anterior femur surface

Question 29

Vastus intermedius insertion

Answer 29

Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon) and superior aspect of patella

Question 30

Innervation of vastus intermedius

Answer 30

Femoral nerve

Question 31

Palpation of vastus intermedius

Answer 31

Deeper muscle

Question 32

Vastus medialis origin

Answer 32

Linea aspera

Question 33

vastus medialis insertion

Answer 33

Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon) and medial aspect of patella

Question 34

Vastus medialis innervation

Answer 34

Femoral nerve

Question 35

vastus medialis palpation

Answer 35

Straight down anterior thigh with knee extension

Question 36

Vastus lateralis origin

Answer 36

Greater trochanter, linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity

Question 37

Vastus lateralis insertion

Answer 37

Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon) and lateral aspect of patella

Question 38

Vastus lateralis innervation

Answer 38

Femoral nerve

Question 39

Palpation of vastus lateralis

Answer 39

Deeper muscle

Question 40

Knee flexors

Answer 40

Hamstrings Popliteus Gastrocnemius Sartorius Gracilis

Question 41

Muscle responsible for external rotation

Answer 41

Biceps femoris as inserts laterally

Question 42

Muscles responsible for internal rotation

Answer 42

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius as all insert medially.

Question 43

Flexors of the knee

Answer 43

Hamstrings (BF, SM, ST) Popliteus Gastrocnemius Sartorius Gracilis

Question 44

Extensors of the knee

Answer 44

Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis

Question 45

What is the Q angle

Answer 45

Angle between the line of quadriceps (ASIS to midpoint of patella) and the line of the patella tendon to tibial tuberosity.