The making of America: causes of the civil war. Flashcards
(40 cards)
1850: what was the north’s economy based on and how could you describe their business system?
a modern capitalist business system where anybody could set up a businesses and make profits if they worked hard.
mixed economy: farming, small businesses and factories.
1850: how did the north make money?
through work of paid employees for example processing cotton.
1850: what was the norths economical view on slaves?
it was unfair competition for business and factory owners because enslaved people didn’t have to be paid.
1850: how could the south’s system be described?
semi-modern plantation system dominated by a few powerful slave holders.
1850: what was the south’s economy based on?
mostly agriculture dominated by large plantations, little industry.
1850: how did the south make money?
through the work of enslaved labour especially in growing cotton.
1850: what was the south’s belief on slavery and what did they believe about modern factories?
natural and that modern factories and capitalist business made white workers into wage slaves.
why was slavery the economic glue that held the USA together?
both the north and the south benefited economically from slavery. for example the north used the cotton processed by slaves and also gave loans out to those int he south to start plantations or buy slaves with and the south used slaves to process the cotton which they sold and using them for agricultural labour. this meant that they both relied on each other to stay finically stable.
factors caused the CW: slavery: why did the north try to end slavery?
believed it was against the constitution.
what dates did the civil war last between?
1850-60.
factors caused the CW: slavery: in 1831 who founded the newspaper, what was it called and what did it spread?
william Lloyd garrison.
liberator.
spread abolitionist views.
factors caused the CW: slavery: what did garrison and what other person formed, what was it called, how many people were involved and what did they do?
Arthur Tappan. national anti-slavery society.
by 1838 managed to grow members to 250,000 and numbers were still rising.
produced masses of essays and pamphlet and frequently petitioned congress to end slavery.
factors caused the CW: slavery: who was fredrick douglass and what did he do?
escaped slave. gave lectures and wrote articles about enslaved people in the south’s nature of life.
factors caused the CW: slavery: what did harriet tubman do?
assisted thousands of slaves to escape their masters and smuggle them in series of short stages called the underground rail road.
factors caused the CW: slavery: in 1840 what happened to liberals and christian groups and what did douglass do?
grew in support.
toured america and euroupe to raise awareness.
factors caused the CW: slavery: what did harriet beecher-stowe do and what did it explain?
published uncle tom’s cabin. novel explained horreur of slavery to a white audience. sold 2 million copies in 10 years.
factors caused the CW: westward expansion: how did the south generate huge amounts of income?
cotton exports.
factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what were slave holders feeling in the 1840’s and why?
worried that they were loosing influence. population in the north was growing rapidly. representation in congress determined by state size and south was loosing political power.
factors caused the CW: westward expansion: in 1846 what did congress ban?
slavery in new territories.
factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what was the henry clay compromise?
california enter union as a free state.
sale of enslaved people in the nations capital washington DC banned.
territories eg: new mexico and utah gained from mexico be allowed to decide if they want slaves.
factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what was the fugitive slave act?
made it egal duty to return people who had escaped slavery to their captors.
factors caused the CW: political decisions: what act was passed following clays success, by who, according to what, what didn’t allow what and when?
- pro-slavery members of congress passed the kansas-nebraska act.
according to the Mississippi compromise of 1820 these 2 territories didn’t permit slavery.
factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did the kansas-nebraska act do?
overturned mississippi compromise and allowed the territories to decide if they wanted slaves by a popular vote.
factors caused the CW: political decisions: within a few weeks of the kansas-nebraska act being passed what were abolitionists and slave holders trying to do?
abolitionist encouraging anti-slavery settlers to move into territories while slave holders sent in people who wanted slavery to spread.
