The musculoskeletal system

Question 1

what is a ball and socket joint and give an example

Answer 1

• allows movement in every direction

- hip and shoulder are ball and socket joints

Question 2

what is a hinge joint and give an example

Answer 2

• only allows movement in one direction

- the ankle, knee and elbow are hinge joints

Question 3

describe the sagital plane

Answer 3

this is a vertical plane, divides the body into right and left halfs.

Question 4

describe the transverse plane

Answer 4

this divides the body into upper and lower halfs

Question 5

what is the transverse axis

Answer 5

runs from side to side across the body.

flexion, extension plantarflexion dorsiflexion and hyper extension occur in a sagital plane about a transverse axis

Question 6

what is the sagital axis

Answer 6

runs from front to back and abduction and adduction occur on this axis

Question 7

what is the longitudinal axis

Answer 7

runs from the top to the bottom of the body and horizontal abduction and horizontal abduction occur on this axis

Question 8

whats the difference between horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction

Answer 8

horizontal abduction is the movement of a limb forwards while it is held parralel to the ground and adduction is where it moves backwards

Question 9

what is a concentric contraction

Answer 9

when a muscle shortens under tension

Question 10

what is eccentric contraction

Answer 10

when a muscle lengthens under tension or performers negative work and acts like a break