the nervous system

Question 1

what term describes the region where two neurone come into close contact

Answer 1

synapse

Question 2

what is the name given to the gap between two neurone

Answer 2

synpatic cleft

Question 3

what is the general name given to the chemical in the synaptic cleft

Answer 3

neurotransmitters

Question 4

where in a neurone is neurotransmitters safe

Answer 4

cell body

Question 5

describe in detail how nerve impulse travel between two neurone in close contact

Answer 5

impulse arrives at the axon, neurotransmitter is released and diffuses across the gap

Question 6

give the names of the three types of neurone found in the human nervous system

Answer 6

motor, interneuron, sensory

Question 7

describe one possible treatment of Parkinson disease

Answer 7

physiotherapy

Question 8

the human nervous system is divided into two parts, name each of these parts

Answer 8

CNS, PNS

Question 9

what is the function of an interneuron

Answer 9

connects to sensory and motor neurone and so carries messages within the CNS

Question 10

what is the function of the sensory neurone

Answer 10

carries messages from the sense organ to the CNS

Question 11

how is a nerve impulse conducted along a neurone

Answer 11

movement of ions

Question 12

give one possible cause of Parkinson disease

Answer 12

the brain reducing the normal amount of dopamine that it makes

Question 13

give one function of the cerebrum

Answer 13

controls involuntary, automatic responses - movement

Question 14

give on function of the medulla oblongata

Answer 14

controls processes that were have leaden to do automatically - heartbeat

Question 15

give one function the cerebellum

Answer 15

balance

Question 16

what is the name given to neurone that carry impulses only within the CNS

Answer 16

interneuron

Question 17

name the type of neurone that carries impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

Answer 17

motor neurone

Question 18

name the tissue that covers and protects the spinal cord

Answer 18

meninges

Question 19

what is a reflex action

Answer 19

a quick, automatic response to a particular stimulus

Question 20

give one example of a reflex action in the human body

Answer 20

breathing

Question 21

give one advantage of a reflex action

Answer 21

saves the body from injury

Question 22

describe in detail how a reflex action works

Answer 22

-stimulus detected by receptor
-a message has been carried by a sensory neurone from pain receptors in skin to spinal chord
-in the spinal chord the message is passed onto an interneuron and then to a motor neurone

Question 23

give two ways in which a nervous response differs from a hormonal response

Answer 23

nervous response is fast
hormonal response is slow

Question 24

name the substance produced by the Schwann cell

Answer 24

myelin sheath

Question 25

what is the function of the myelin sheath

Answer 25

insulates the neurone from electrical impulses flowing in other neurons

Question 26

why is grey matter so called

Answer 26

contains cell bodies

Question 27

why is white matter so called

Answer 27

contains axons

Question 28

what is meant by the term endocrine

Answer 28

secrets directly into blood

Question 29

name a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

Answer 29

ADH

Question 30

give a function of this hormone in the human body

Answer 30

causes water to be reabsorbed in the kidneys

Question 31

name on gland in the human body that has both endocrine and exocrine function

Answer 31

kidney

Question 32

outline the role of dendrites

Answer 32

carry impulses towards the cell body

Question 33

outline the role of the axon

Answer 33

conducts impulses from the cell bodyo

Question 34

outline the role of the cell body

Answer 34

produces neurotransmitters

Question 35

explain the importance of the myelin sheath in the transmission of a nerve impulse

Answer 35

speeds up transmission of nerve impulse

Question 36

state two features that show how the named structure is adapted to carry our the named function - a neurone for transmitting impulese

Answer 36

axon, dendrites

Question 37

how many layers are present in the meninges

Answer 37

three

Question 38

outline the mechanism of a refelx action

Answer 38

message has ben carried by a sensory neurone from pain receptors in the skin to spinal chord