The nervous system

Question 1

What is multiple sclerosis?

Answer 1

A autoimmune disease that attack the brain and spinal cord.

Question 2

How much glucose does the brain need?

Answer 2

20%

Question 3

What is the two structure of the CNS?

Answer 3

The brain and spinal cord.

Question 4

What is the two structure of the PNS?

Answer 4

The spinal nerves and the cranial tract.

Question 5

What are tract?

Answer 5

Tract are nerves that comes directly from the brain.

Question 6

What is the neurons job?

Answer 6

Conduct electrical impulse to send a message.

Question 7

What is the Glia’s job?

Answer 7

Support, protect, or insulate the neurons.

Question 8

What are the four glia from the CNS

Answer 8

Astrocytes, Microglia, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells.

Question 9

What’s the oligodendrocytes job?

Answer 9

It form the myelin on the CNS neurons.

Question 10

What are the two glia for the PNS

Answer 10

Satellite cells and Schwann cells.

Question 11

What does the Schwann cells do?

Answer 11

It form the myelin on the PNS neurons.

Question 12

What’s neurolemma?

Answer 12

It help regenerate the damaged neurons on the PNS only.

Question 13

What are the two branch of the motor neurons?

Answer 13

The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

Question 14

What are the two branch of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 14

The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 15

Which one control the rest and digest?

Answer 15

The parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 16

What does the sensory neurons do?

Answer 16

They receives a stimuli and send information to the brain and spinal cord.

Question 17

What does the motor neurons do?

Answer 17

It send messages to the muscle or gland after receiving messages from the brain.

Question 18

Which types of neurons does tetanus affect?

Answer 18

The motor neurons.

Question 19

What is myelin?

Answer 19

A white fatty substance that act as insulator

Question 20

What is the name of the space between the myelin?

Answer 20

The nodes of Ranvier.

Question 21

What are the reasons to the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Answer 21

The loss of myelin on the CNS neurons, replaced by plaque. The nerve conduction is impaired.

Question 22

What is the concept of neuroplasticity?

Answer 22

The study of the brain to reroute itself so new connections are made.

Question 23

What is the action potential?

Answer 23

The electrical message that start from a neurons.

Question 24

What is the name of the synapse “clean up crew”?

Answer 24

The reuptakes.

Question 25

How does a SSRI work?

Answer 25

By blocking the reuptakes of serotonin from the synapse.

Question 26

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 26

A molecule that travels from the pre-synaptic neuron to the post-synaptic neuron to bring a nervous messages.

Question 27

What can the neurotransmitter do to the post-synaptic neuron?

Answer 27

It can either inhibits or excites.

Question 28

What is a lumbar puncture?

Answer 28

The withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region.

Question 29

How many nerves do we have?

Answer 29

31 pairs of nerves so 62.

Question 30

Where does the spinal nerves start and finish?

Answer 30

It start from the skull and finish at the lumbar vertebrae.

Question 31

What are the two way conduction paths in the spinal chords?

Answer 31

The ascending tract (sensory impulse from body to brain) and descending tract (motor impulse from brain to body)

Question 32

What is poliomyelitis and what does it do?

Answer 32

The infection by the polio virus who destroy the motor neurons leading to loss of muscle.

Question 33

What are nerves?

Answer 33

A bundles of axon bundled together.

Question 34

Is the regeneration of nerves in the CNS possible?

Answer 34

No.

Question 35

What can the loss of conduction leads to?

Answer 35

loss of feeling and movement by the affected part.

Question 36

How many cervical nerves do we have?

Answer 36

8 pair

Question 37

How many thoracic nerves do we have?

Answer 37

12 pair

Question 38

How many lumbar nerves do we have?

Answer 38

5 pair

Question 39

How many sacral nerves do we have?

Answer 39

5 pair

Question 40

How many coccygeal nerves do we have?

Answer 40

1pair

Question 41

What detect pain in the body?

Answer 41

The nociceptors.

Question 42

Does the brain have nociceptors?

Answer 42

No

Question 43

What is diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 43

It is nerves damage caused by diabetes.

Question 44

What are the six state when the body is in rest and digest response?

Answer 44

Digestion, urine production, slower HR, lower BP, constricted pupils.

Question 45

When is the SNS useful?

Answer 45

In period of stress.

Question 46

What happen in the state of fight or flight?

Answer 46

Stop digestion, stop urine production, faster HR, higher BP, dilated pupils.

Question 47

What is dual innervation?

Answer 47

The counterbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, one will stimulate an organ and the other will inhibit.

Question 48

What does cholinergic do?

Answer 48

It will tell the neurons to release acetylcholine and the receptors to attach to acetylcholine.

Question 49

What does adrenergic do?

Answer 49

It tells the neurons to release NorE and the receptors to attach to NorE.

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons.

Answer 50

dendrite

Question 51

Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body?

Answer 51

Axon

Question 52

Multiple choice: What is the term for the resting potential of a neuron?

Answer 52

A. -70 mV