The Periodic Tabel Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the periodic table
It’s a list of all the known elements, there are two main groups, metals and non-metals. (Metals are usually on the left while non-metals are on the right)
Group definition
The columns or vertical groups
Period
The rows or horizontal groups in the periodic tables.
What is an element
They make up the periodic table. Everything is made up of element. They are substances made up of only one type of atom.
What is an atom
They are important in nuclear energy. They are the smallest part of an element that can exist on its own.
How are elements represented
Every element is represented by a capital and lowercase letter. A capital letter she has a new element as a lowercase letter is part of the same element e.g. Li and Be are both just one element.
What do we know from groups and elements
These give us information about the structure of that element’s atom. There is a large block in the middle of the periodic table where the columns do not have numbers. This group is called transitior metals.
Which elements are magnetic
Iron, nickel and cobalt are the only magnetic elements. Magnetism does not determine if something is a metal or non-metal.
How do you determine which element is a metal through an experiment?
You can determine if an element is a metal by looking at its properties through an experiment. For example, metals are better conductors than nonmetals and nonmetals are better insulators than metals. An example test we could use is
1. Collect beaker.
2. Fill it with hot water from a kettle.
3. Put all of the test substances into hot water and start the stop clock.
4. Feel the ends of each of the objects..
5. When you can start to feel the heat coming through right down a time, in a table.
6. If you still can’t feel the heat after five minutes, stop the stop clock and record the “time to feel heat” as n/a
Another experiment to test conducting is to use electricity.
1. Set up a circuit like this using a 6 V bulb and a 6 V on power pack.
2. Connect up the test substances to the circuit.
3. Look at whether the bulb is on or off.
4. If the bulb is on record the substance as a conductor if not record as an insulator.
5. Repeat the experiment for each substance.
6. Conductors or metals the insulators are nonmetals. However, there may be some anomalies for example carbon has a form in graphite and can therefore be wrongly recorded. 
Properties of metals
Metals are good at conducting electricity tend to be solids, have high boiling points, and high melting points.
Properties of nonmetals
Nonmetals tend to be bad at conducting electricity and they tend to have a lower density than metals, they can be either a solid liquid or gas, and they’re boiling and melting points are often lower than metals.
What is the relative charge of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Protons = +1
Neutrons = 0
Electrons = -1
What is the relative mass of a proton neutron and electron?
Proton = 1
Neutron = 1
Electron = 1/2000
What are the units of the relative charge and relative mass?
There are no units when it comes to the relative charge and relative mass of the proton neutron and electrons because they are relative to each other.
What’s the location of the proton neutron and electrons in the atom?
Proton = nucleus
Neutron = nucleus
Electron = shells around the nucleus
Despite being made up of charged particles atoms have no overall charge why?
They have no overall charge because the number of protons are the same as the number of electrons and because they charged oppositely, they cancel each other out.
What’s the atomic number?
The number of protons that are contained within the nucleus
Mass number
The sum of the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
If the atomic number of sodium is 11 and the mass number of sodium is 23, what are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons? (Repeat with different numbers) tell and we’ll have a change revolting
That would be 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 11 electrons.
