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Y2 CONTROL & MOVEMENT > The Skull > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Skull Deck (22)
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1
Q

How many bones make up the skull?

What types of joints connect these bones?

A

22 bones

These are connected by fibrous sutures - a type of joint that is not moveable

The temporomandibular joints are synovial and moveable

2
Q

Label the visible bones of the skull

A
3
Q

What 2 bones make up the nasal septum?

A

ethmoid and vomer

4
Q

Why is there only an inferior nasal concha?

A

The superior and middle conchae are part of the ethmoid bone

5
Q

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses?

A
  1. Frontal sinuses
  2. Ethmoidal cells
  3. Maxillary sinuses
  4. Sphenoidal sinus
6
Q

Label the paranasal sinuses

A
7
Q

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

A
  1. To lighten the weight of the skull
  2. Drainage into specific areas of the nasal cavity
  3. Humidify the air
8
Q

What are the meatuses?

what drains into them?

A

an opening for the passage of air, located underneath the corresponding concha

superior meatus:

  • ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses drain here

middle meatus:

  • maxillary and frontal sinuses drain here

inferior meatus:

  • nasolacrimal duct drains here
9
Q

Label the bones of the skull from a lateral view

A
10
Q

Label the important features of the skull

A
11
Q

What is significant about the mastoid process?

A

It is a site for muscle attachment

the sternocleidomastoid muscle attaches here

12
Q

What is the pterion?

why is it clinically significant?

A

The area where the following bones meet:

  1. Frontal
  2. Temporal
  3. Sphenoid
  4. Parietal

The skull is particularly thin at this point and it overlies the middle meningeal artery

13
Q

What can a fracture of the pterion lead to?

A

fracture here can lacerate the middle meningeal artery (anterior branch), resulting in a extradural haematoma.

14
Q

Label the bones and sutures of the posterior skull

A

Sagittal suture:

  • Between the 2 parietal bones of the skull

Lambdoid suture:

  • connects parietal bones with occipital bone
15
Q

What are some significant differences in the skull of a newborn?

A

The bones have not properly fused together

the spaces between them are fontanelles

16
Q

What is the purpose of fontanelles?

A

They allow for growth of the brain after birth

they allow for the skull to deform during birth

17
Q

Why is there no mastoid process on the newborn skull?

A

The mastoid process develops as the sternocleidomastoid muscle develops and begins to be used

18
Q

Label the following fossae and features of the skull

A
19
Q

Which cranial nerves pass through the structures listed?

A
20
Q

What are the contents of the 3 cranial fossae?

A

Anterior cranial fossa:

  • Frontal lobe

Middle cranial fossa:

  • Temporal lobe

Posterior cranial fossa:

  • cerebellum and brainstem
21
Q

Label the following features of the skull

A
22
Q

Which bones make up the hard palate?

A

maxilla and palatine bones

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