The Special Senses (Vision)

Question 1

What are the accessory structures of the eye

Answer 1

Eyebrows
Eyelids
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal Apparatus
Extrinsic eye muscles

Question 2

What shades the eye from sunlight and keeps out the sweat from the forhead

Answer 2

Eyebrows

Question 3

What protects the eyes from both foreign objects and from drying out

Answer 3

Eyelids

Question 4

How does the eyelids protect the eyes

Answer 4

reflex blinking

Question 5

Mucous membrane that lines the eyelid and edges of the eye, produces lubricating mucous to prevent eye from drying out

Answer 5

Conjunctiva

Question 6

Produces tears which clean and disinfect the eyes, has an opening that drains into the nose

Answer 6

Lacrimal apparatus

Question 7

What does the lacrimal produce that clean and disinfect the eyes

Answer 7

Tears that contain antibodies and enzymes

Question 8

Muscles that move the eyeball

Answer 8

Extrinsic Eye Muscles

Question 9

What are the extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 9

4 rectus muscles and 2 oblique muscles

Question 10

What is the structure of the eye, in other words what is he wall of the eye made of

Answer 10

3 tunics (layers)

Question 11

What are the 3 tunics of the eye

Answer 11

Fibrous
Vascular
Sensory

Question 12

The outer covering of the eye, the main part of the fibrous tunic, what does it do

Answer 12

Sclera; provides protection

Question 13

What is also part of the fibrous tunic

Answer 13

Cornea

Question 14

Anterior, transparent fibrous portion of the fibrous tunic that allows light to enter the eye and refracts light

Answer 14

Cornea

Question 15

The highly vascular, dark brown membrane that makes up most of the vascular unic

Answer 15

Choroid Coat

Question 16

What does the choroid coat do

Answer 16

~Provides nourishment (by capillaries) to most of the eye

~prevents the scattering and reflecting of light

Question 17

What other parts of the eye are part of the vascular tunic

Answer 17

ciliary body and iris

Question 18

What layer of the eye is part of the sensory tunic and what does it do

Answer 18

Retina; contains visual receptor cells (bipolar neurons)

Question 19

What is also part of the sensory tunic

Answer 19

the Optic Disk

Question 20

the spot where the retina attaches to the optic nerve; causes a blind spot

Answer 20

Optic Disk

Question 21

Transparent, elastic structure whose shape is controlled by the actions of the ciliary muscles

Answer 21

The lens

Question 22

What is special about the lens

Answer 22

it changes shape to permit focusing on objects various distances from the eye

Question 23

Lens become opaque

Answer 23

Cataract

Question 24

Muscular diaphragm that controls the amount of light entering the eye

Answer 24

the iris

Question 25

Opening in the iris

Answer 25

Pupil

Question 26

What fluids help maintain the shape of the eye

Answer 26

the Vitreous and Aqueous humor

Question 27

Jellylike fluid that fills the posterior chamber and separates the lens and the retina

Answer 27

Vitreous Humor

Question 28

Watery fluid that fills the anterior chamber and separates the cornea and the lens

Answer 28

Aqueous Humor

Question 29

The bending of light to focus it on the retina

Answer 29

The refraction of light

Question 30

Light rays are primarily refracted by:

Answer 30

Cornea and Lens

Question 31

What does most of the refracting but remains fixed

Answer 31

Cornea

Question 32

Its highly elastic curvature can be changed to allow fine focusing

Answer 32

Lens

Question 33

When the lens is thickened to focus on close objects

Answer 33

Accomodation

Question 34

one can see things that are close but not far away

Answer 34

Nearsightedness

Question 35

One can see things that are distant but not close up

Answer 35

Farsightedness