Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BDS stage 2 > Theme 3- Occlusion > Flashcards

Theme 3- Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by occlusion ?

A

The relationship of opposing teeth in contact

Movement of opposing teeth during mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the CNS control ?

A

Masticatory muscles
TMJ
occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the TMJ ?

A

a synovial joint that allows for rotational and translational movements of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the articulating surfaces of the TMJ ?

A

Condyle of the mandible

Glenoid fossa of temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the structure of the TMJ ?

A

fibrous capsule surrounds the TMJ
Synovial fluid
Articulating discs separates the condyle and the glenoid fossa and into superior and inferior compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the articulating disc divided into ?

A

anterior band
intermediate zone
Posterior band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of TMJ ligaments ?

A

to prevent undesirable movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is rotation of the mandible ?

A

condyle moves around a plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is rotation of the mandible mediated by ?

A

TMJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 planes that TMJ rotation occurs around

A

intercondylar
vertical - left and right turning
sagittal - up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is translation of the mandible ?

A

bodily movement of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 directions of translation of the mandible ?

A

anterior/posterior

laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the ICP ?

A

intercuspal position
relationship of maximum interdigitation between the mandibular and maxillary teeth
affected by occlusal interferences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the RCP ?

A

retruded contact position
position of the mandible when the posterior teeth make initial contact on the retruded arc of closure
muscles have to overcome this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is centric relation ?

A

condyles are in most superior position in the glenoid fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the working side ?

A

the side that the mandible moves toward during lateral excursion
this side exhibits rotation of the mandible around the intercondylar axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the non working side ?

A

the side which the mandible moves away from

condyle exhibits orbiting movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe posselts envelope of border movement ?

A

Teeth in ICP
Retrude to RCP
Open mandible with rotation
Open more with translation to max opening
protrude the mandible to P - max protrusion
slide back to edge to edge position
back to ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the muscles of mastication ?

A

lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid
masseter
Temporalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the attachments of masseter ?

A

From the zygomatic arch to the ramus of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the attachments of temporalis ?

A

From the temporal fossa to the coronoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the attachments of lateral pterygoid ?

A

Superior head From the GWS to the pterygoid fovea on the mandible
Inferior head from the Lateral aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate to pterygoid fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the attachments of medial pterygoid ?

A

Superficial from the maxilary tuberosity to the ramus of the mandible
Deep from the medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate to the ramus of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which muscles are used for closing ?

A

temporalis
medial pterygoid
masseter
all are elevators of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which muscles are used for depressing the mandible ?
Inferior head of lateral pterygoid
26
Where are masticatory forces directed ?
down the long axes of the teeth
27
How are masticatory forces and movement regulated ?
with proprioceptive input from the PDL, pulp, TMJ, muscles and ligaments
28
Why can the PDL regulate forces and movement ?
it is extremely senstive
29
What does the neuromuscular system do ?
Regulates occlusal forces | makes the mouth go back to ICP after swallowing
30
Is ICP guaranteed ?
no | some people have anterior/posterior open bites
31
How is ICP developed ?
premature contacts in the form of erupting teeth are subject to greater occlusal forces leads to orthodontic realignment and ICpP
32
What determines ICP ?
it is tooth detemrined | lack of Teeth- no ICp
33
Is ICP stable in the long term ?
no
34
What can change the ICP ?
tooth wear and restorations
35
What can lead to the collapse of ICP ?
``` Loss of vertical dimension of teeth- due to wear drifting of teeth periodontal disease class II/III skeletal relationships scissor bite ```
36
What is crossbite ?
upper arch is wider the lower arch buccal cusps of lower teeth fit into central fossa of the upper teeth palatal cups of the upper teeth fir onto central fossa of lower teeth
37
What is buccal crossbite ?
lower jaw wider buccal cusps of the upper teeth fit into central fossa of lower teeth lingual cusps of the lower teeth fit into central fossa of upper
38
What is scissor bite ?
upper jaw is significantly wider so teeth are not in contact
39
Why is the ICP important?
restorations should conform to and accomodate the ICP
40
What are the consequences of not taking ICP into account ?
high restorations will fail leads to TMJ pain, Pain, sorness restorations will fracture
41
When are new contacts (restorations) most table ?
fit into marginal ridge or fossa
42
Why are guidance teeth important ?
come into fucntional contact a lot throughout the day
43
How do you identify anterior guidance teeth ?
ask the patient to protrude mandible from ICP | teeth that are in contact are anterior guidance
44
What is incisal guidance ?
incisors tear food | then incisors aid protrusion of the mandible to ICP after chewing
45
What does the amount of incisal guidance depend on ?
overlap of upper and posterior teeth
46
How is the mandible guided away and to the ICP ?
by guidance teeth slopes
47
What happens with a class III relationship with incisal guidance ?
the canines and premolars provide guidance
48
What is lateral excursive guidance ?
guidance that occurs on the working side
49
What are the 2 types of lateral excursive guidance ?
canine guidance | group function
50
What is canine guidance ?
excursion to the WS results in WS canines being in contact only teeth on NWS are discluded
51
What is group function ?
excursion to the WS results in contact between more than 1 pair of WS teeeth discussion on the NWS
52
Which type of lateral excursive guidance is most common ?
canine guidance
53
In which patients is group function common in ?
elderly patients | due to tooth wear, tooth loss
54
What must be considered when restoring guidance teeth ?
restored teeth are weak it is unreasonable to let restored guidance teeth provide all the guidance shape guidance if the restored tooth is sole guidance tooth do not interfere with guidance unless trying to protect a heavily restored tooth
55
What should be considered when restoring guidance teeth ?
dont just restore the ICP contact areas | restore the entire contact concave area
56
What shape should guidance surfaces be ?
concave | if convex- too much material is present which can become overloaded with axial forces leading to interferences
57
What is problematic about crown materials and guidance ?
tooth preparations must reproduce guidance whilst being sufficient for crown materials - bulbous if too bulky palatal surfaces take a lot of masticatroy load can lead to tenderness of Tooth and drifting
58
Describe a class I lever system ?
effort fulcrum load | produces the largest forces
59
Describe a class II lever system ?
effort load fulcrum | results in intermediate forces
60
Describe a class III lever system ?
fulcrum effort load | least force is produced
61
What does the effort refer to in the dental setting ?
work of temporalis and masseter
62
Which lever class system is the best dentally ?
``` class III results in the least forces ```
63
What is the relationship between fulcrum and load and force ?
the further away the fulcrum is from the load the smaller the forces
64
What is the fulcrum in the dental setting ?
condyle
65
What is mutually protected occlusion ?
Upon closing to ICP the posterior teeth take forces down their longitudinal axes Upon lateral excursive guidance the posterior teeth disclude and the anterior teeth take forces
66
What is centric relation?
position when the condyles are in most posterior superior position in the glenoid fossae
67
What is CR dictated by ?
the TMJ only
68
Can CR be reproduced in a diseased mandible ?
no
69
Describe the positions of the teeth, discs and muscles in CR ?
CR is independent of tooth contact muscles are most relaxed discs are interposed
70
To which position can you move to from the RCP ?
from the RCP you can move into the ICP by sliding anteriorly and superiority
71
What are deflective contacts ?
deflective contacts are contacts that deflect the mandible from one path of closure to another
72
Give an example of a deflective contact ?
RCP-ICP slide
73
What can be detrimental in the RCP-ICP slide ?
when the mandible is thrust forward into ICP lower incisors impinge heavily on upper incisors non axial loading that leads to localised wear and drifting of maxillary incisors
74
What is a working side interference ?
heavy or early contact of teeth when mandible is moved to working side
75
What is a non working side interference ?
occlusal contact is made on the side the mandible is moving away from potentially more detrimental as the forces are oblique
76
What is a protrusive interfernce ?
contact between incisors
77
What are functional cusps ?
they maintain tooth height they bite into the fossa of the opposing tooth buccal cusps of the lowers palatal cusps of the uppers
78
What are guiding cusps ?
``` they dont come into contact help maintain food bolus on occlusal table guide into ICP lingual of the lowers buccal cusps of the uppers ```
79
`What are marginal ridges ?
raised mesial and distal aspects of the tooth | they provide structural integrity to the tooth ]#deflect food away to the occlusal table
80
What are the consequences of leaving a tooth out of occlusion ?
it can form a premature contact
81
What are the 3 types of articulators?
simple hinge semi adjustbale fully adjustable
82
What do simple hinge articulators do ?
they mimic ICP limited simulation of jaw movement limited alteration
83
What are semi adjustable articulators ?
they adequatrly stimulate jaw movement | lower member has condylar
84
What does ARCON mean ?
Articulating condyle
85
What does it mean if an articulator is ARCON ?
the articulating condyle is attached to the lower member as would be in the body
86
What is a non-arcon articulator ?
condyalr elements attached to the upper member
87
What is the condylar guidance angle ?
25 degrees
88
What is the progressive side shift ?
the linear movement that moves the condyle downwards and forwards after the immediate side shift
89
What are arcon artiulators used for ?
occlusal analysis and crown and bridgework as the upper member can be removed
90
What is the intercondylar distance ?
110 mm
91
Which articulators are preferred for denture work ?
non arcon | members are hinged and remian hinged
92
What do non arcon articulators rely on to guide lateral excusrive movement ?
3 walls- superior medial rear
93
Describe the movement on the NWS ?
progressive side shift movement is downwards, forwards, medially bennet angle and condylar angle
94
Describe the movement of the WS ?
rotational bennet movement immediate side shift
95
What is the bennet angle ?
the angle between the sagittal plane and the NWS condyle in a lateral excursive movement
96
What is the condylar guidance angle ?
angle between the frankfurt plane and the condylar path of the NWS condyle angle of downward movement of NWS condyle and horizontal plane
97
What is the immediate side shift ?
the initial body movement of the mandible on the WS i | lateral movement that occurs on the WS before forward movement of the NWS condyle
98
What is the progressive side shift ?
the lateral translation that continues after forward movement of the NWS condyke creates the bennet angle (angle between the sagttal plane and the NWS condyle)

BDS stage 2 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions