Theories, motor control and learning

Question 1

Maturationist Hierarchical theory

Answer 1

Individual genetically and biologically determined

aspects of human bx are performed and innate

Question 2

Empiricist therapy

Answer 2

Source of human behavior is the environmen

Question 3

Behaviorist therory

Answer 3

Environmental reinforcement motivates and shapes cognitive and motor bx
Used in bx modification tx where desired bx are positively reinforced and unwanted are ignored

Question 4

Interactionist therapy

Answer 4

CHild is an active social being who contributes to his or her development

Question 5

Piagetian theory

Answer 5

Interaction of environment and neural maturation results in spiraling of development with equilibrium and disequilibrium resulting

Question 6

Motor control - the study of

Answer 6

postures and movement, and the parts of the mind and body that control them

Question 7

Theories of motor control - Neuromaturationist

Answer 7

Cortex is the command center with descending contro and inhibition of lower centers by higher one in the CNS

Question 8

Theories of motor control - Dynamic systems theory

Answer 8

command center changes from cortex to other levels depending on task
Stresses interaction btw brain, body, environment
Sensory systems mature and become integrated

Question 9

Theories of motor control - neural group selection theory

Answer 9

Genetic code of species outlines limits of neural network formation
actural network formation results from individual experience

Question 10

Motor skill

Answer 10

any motor activity that becomes better organized, more effecctive, and more efficient as a result of practice

Question 11

Enhancement of motor skill

Answer 11

goal oriented tasks
internal feedback
external feedback
practice high intensity and duration as tolerated

Question 12

Principles of motor development

Answer 12

occurs cephalocaudal and prox to distal
unrefined to refined movement
stability to controlled mobility
occurs in spirals - periods of equilibrium and disequil
sensitive periods when child is especially affected by environment

Question 13

Gestational age

Answer 13

age of fetus or newborn in weeks from the first day of mothers last normal menstrual period

Question 14

Normal gestational period is

Answer 14

38-42 weeks

Question 15

Infant considered premature if born at

Answer 15

earlier than 37

Question 16

Conceptional age

Answer 16

age of fetus or newborn in weeks since conception