theories of cog dev

Question 1

stage theories

Answer 1

• discontinuous dev
• see development as taking place as specific steps

Question 2

how to children develop knowledge (schemas) according to piaget

Answer 2

• assimilating new ideas and experiences
• if new knowledge can relate to old knowledge, it has to accommodate for new knowledge

Question 3

what are the dev stages according to piaget

Answer 3

• sensorimotor (birth-2 years): develop object permanence, exploration
• preoperational (2-7): express knowledge verbally, imagination, doesn’t get
• concrete operational (7-12): cause/effect, conservation of objects (same mass diff container)
• formal operational schemes (12+): think theoretically, algebra

Question 4

reversibility of events

Answer 4

their actions have consequences

Question 5

criticism for piaget stages of dev

Answer 5

• ages suggested
• do description of how advancement is possible
• ROLE OF SOCIAL LEARNING (cultural and social influence between stage 3+4)
• dev isnt continuous
• research on his own children

Question 6

What theory did Vygostky think

Answer 6

• sociocultural theories (belief and values of culture have influence on cog dev)
• enviro influences of development

Question 7

zone of proximal development

Answer 7

• what they can learn with help
• becomes actual development level after a while

Question 8

what is unattainable learning

Answer 8

outside of the zone even w help

Question 9

Information processing theories

Answer 9

• mind as a computer
• cog processes underlie changes

Question 10

what are the two aspects of the nurture connection

Answer 10

• social leanring theory (ppl can learn w out being rewarded)
• observational learning (learning where no direct enviro reward is present)

Question 11

what strengthens behaviours and what reduces behaviours (reinforcements)

Answer 11

reward: strengthens
punishment: reduce behaviours

Question 12

what did BF Skinner find

Answer 12

operant conditioning

Question 13

phonemic awareness

Answer 13

• ability to identify sounds in words (learning to read)
• rhymes make it easier
• in kindergarten it is stressed

Question 14

psychology researcher who studies mental strategies participants use when problem solving is most likely working in the field of _____.

Answer 14

cognitive psychology

Question 14

psychology researcher who studies mental strategies participants use when problem solving is most likely working in the field of _____.

Answer 14

cognitive psychology

Question 15

example of cont development

Answer 15

socio cultural development

Question 16

ex of discont. dev

Answer 16

piaget - stages of cog development

Question 17

which is correct: continuous or disconuntous development?

Answer 17

both are! they are inconclusive