THERAPIES Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the history of western treatment?
- Bedlam/st. Mary of bethlehem
- -Patients tortured and mistreated
- -Treatments were put on public display
- -
What are some cultural symbols, or rituals of curing?`
Shamanism (someone who has schizophrenia)
Ritual healing
dissociation of consciousness
What are some Harmful Therapies?
Recovered memory therapy:
The idea that whatever someone is experiencing as an adult or adolescent is why they are experiencing what they are as an adult. Meaning things happen as a child that we don’t remember is why we are the way we are as adults.
- There is no evidence of recovered memory techniques working
- Issue is also that some people recover memories that didn’t even actually happen
What is the critical incident stress debriefing?
A prevention approach
- example, something traumatic happens and then we try to prevent developing PTSD by tackling it right away.
- early intervention to prevent trauma down the line
- Turns out it actually makes it more likely that people will get PTSD down the line.
What is rebirthing therapy?
- Born again to somehow help you navigate your current problems.
- Says issues start in the womb
- reenacts birth
- Ask the child to fight to be reborn
What is scared straight therapy?
-Things like bringing kids to jail to scare them.
What is conversion therapy?
-The idea that you can convert gay people to be straight
What are the goals of major therapies?
- Diagnoses
- Etiology, If you know why something is happening then you’re more empowered to intervene or do something about it.
- Prognosis – an example of prognosis questions, what do we expect to happen, with treatment how long till it’ll go away?
What is treatment?
What we do to improve people’s lives and whatever they are struggling with
What are the biomedical therapies?
- Alter Brain functioning via chemical or physical interventions
- Surgery
- Electric Shock
- Magnetic stimulation
- Drugs
What is psychotherapy?
-Psychotherapy seeks to change faulty behaviors, thoughts, perceptions, and emotions.
What are the four different kinds of psychotherapies?
- Psychodynamic
- Behavioural - exposure therapy
- Cognitive - inaccurate Perceptions
- Humanistic - About human potential
When is the label “patient” used?
-Used in the biomedical approach to treatment
When is the label “Client” used?
-Used by clinicians who think of psychological disorders as problems in living.
What is a therapeutic alliance?
- Relationship between patient and therapist
- -This is one of the main reasons people get sued.
What are some facts about Psychoanalysis?
- Many problems are due to repressed childhood impulses and conflicts.
- Historical reconstruction to shed light on the presence - let’s look back at your childhood and reconstruct that to better understand the present and improve the present..
- Patient talks and analyst interprets (psychodynamic therapy)
What are some psychodynamic therapies?
Free association
- Thoughts, wishes, physical sensations, and mental images as they occur.
- Just say a word and they respond with the first word that comes to mind.
Catharsis
-Expressing strongly felt but usually repressed emotions.
Resistance
-When topics are approached that bring discomfort
Dream analysis and interpretations
-Content can come out in dreams
Transference
-Means when a patient transfers their usual expectation of people in their lives to the therapist.
Countertransference
-Therapist having anxiety or resentment toward the patient because of a previous patient.
Defense Mechanisms
-Protect us from discomfort in our unconscious.
What is behavior therapy? (behavior modification)
Applies principles of learning to increase or decrease the frequency of behaviors.
What are some behavior therapies?
Desensitization - relaxation: CS becomes paired with relaxation instead of anxiety.
Prolonged exposure - Habituation to the conditioned stimulus.
What is contingency management?
Behaviors are influenced by their consequences. (Rewards ex. Attention, Praise or food)
What are some goals of cognitive therapies?
- Change false/unhelpful beliefs
- Change tendencies to see things negatively
- “Automatic” beliefs are frequently targeted
What are some of the cognitive therapies that have been used?
Person-Centered Therapy
- Active Listening
- Non-directive
- Non-Judgmental
- Unconditional positive regard
- Empathy
GESTALT THERAPY
- Getting in touch with one’s self
- Owning feelings/fantasies
- Make the client “whole”
GROUP THERAPIES
- Marital and Family therapy
- Couple counseling
- Family Therapy
- group therapy can be more beneficial because they’re both people there and more space for intervention
COMMUNITY SUPPORT GROUPS
- Self help groups
- AA, NA others.
What are some drugs used to help with therapy?
Anitdepressant drugs -
Try to increase the availability of neopinephrine or serotonin.
SSRI- Selective serotonin reputable inhibitor (ex Prozac, Zoloft)
SNEI - Seratonin Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitr\
Antianxiety drugs -
Works by depressing CNS activity (INcreasing gaba)
ex. Valium, Librium. works in minutes instead of weeks such as antidepressants so people build up often a psychological dependence on these drugs cause they work so fast.
What are some therapies of a last resort?
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
- limited to severely depressed patients.
- electrodes are placed on the head and they run an electric current through the brain and body.
BRAIN SURGERY
-cuts the corpus callosum in epilepsy.
