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Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 > Thigh and Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Hip bone made of and where is each located

A

Ilium - superior
Ischium - posterior
Pubis - anterior

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2
Q

Standing arch

A

Pelvis transmits load from vertebral column to femurs

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3
Q

Joint of standing arch

A

Acetabulofemoral

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4
Q

Pubic symphysis and function

A

Links together superior rami of pubic bones

Prevents arches from spreading

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5
Q

Seated arch

A

Ischial tuberosities bear body weight in seated position

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6
Q

Sacro-iliac joint

A

synovial

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7
Q

Sacro-iliac ligaments

A

Pull sacrum into the pelvis

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8
Q

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

A

prevent the pelvis and sacrum from rotating around the sacro-iliac joint when the weight of the body is bourne by the acetabulum

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9
Q

What parts of pelvis are in same plane and why?

A

ASIS and pubic symphysis

Forward tilt

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10
Q

Acetabulum

A

Ball and socket joint of the hip

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11
Q

Acetabular labrum

A

Firbocartilage around the rim of acetabulum

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12
Q

Ligamentum teres femoris

A

Triangluar flattened band that attaches to fovea capitis femoris
Attaches to acetabular notch of the pelvis

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13
Q

Ligaments of the hip joint

A

Thickenings of capsule
Ligamentum teres femoris
Zona orbicularis

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14
Q

Zona orbicularis

A

Ring of fibers of the capsule that encircle the neck of the femur and help hold femur in place

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15
Q

Gluteal region actions innervation and blood supply

A

Extenstion, abduction, medial and lateral rotation
Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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16
Q

Gluteus maximus actions innervation and blood supply

A

Extends and laterally roates
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sueprior and inferior gluteal arteries

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17
Q

Gluteus medius actions innervation and blood supply

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal artery

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18
Q

Gluteus minimus actions innervation and blood supply

A

Abducts and medially roates thigh
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal artery

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19
Q

Hip drop result of

A

Inability to abduct

Gluteus minimus/medius injury

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20
Q

Another name for hip drop

A

Tendelenburg Gait

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21
Q

If right gluteus minimus/medius hurt, which hip drops?

A

Left

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22
Q

Deep gluteal region actions innervation and blood supply

A

Lateral rotation
Branches of sacral plexus
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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23
Q

Triceps coxae

A

Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus

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24
Q

Deep gluteal region important for

A

Keeping foot swung laterally prior to next heel strike

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25
Lateral rotators
Externally rotate the swinging limb and prevent swinging foot from striking on lateral edge
26
Internal rotators
Of grounded limb swing contralateral side of pelvis forward
27
Peritotrochanteric pain associated with
Avulsion of gluteus minimus/medius
28
Gluteus medius and minimus attach to
Greater trochanter
29
Compartments of thigh and functions
Anterior - flex thigh and extend leg Medial - adduct thigh Posterior - extend thigh and flex leg
30
Deep fascia of the thigh
fascia lata
31
What does fascia lata eventually form?
Iliotibial tract
32
Innervation of anterior thigh
Femoral nerve
33
Innervation of medial thigh
obturator nerve
34
Innervation of posterior thigh
Sciatic with some exceptions
35
Compartment syndrome and what it leads to
Buildup of fluid in tough fascial encasement increases pressure and compresses veins Ischemia and necrosis
36
Two muscles that attach to IT tract
Tensor fascia lata | Gluteus maximus
37
Tightening of IT band function
Steadies trunk and braces the knee of stance foot
38
Tensor fascia lata (besides IT band function)
Medially rotates lower limb
39
Iliacus function and innervation
Flexion of the thigh | Femoral nerve
40
Psoas major function and innervation
Flexion of the thigh | Ventral rami
41
Iliopsoas made of | and what is function?
Psoas major and iliacus Bilateral = trunk flexion Powerful flexion of the thigh
42
Where does iliopsoas attach?
Lesser trochanter of the femur
43
Where do iliacus and psoas major merge?
Inguinal ligament
44
Aterior compartment of thigh actions innervation and blood supply
Flexion of thigh and extension of leg Femoral nerve Deep femoral artery and femoral artery
45
Sartorius actions innervation
Flex, abduct, laterally rotates the thigh Flexes the leg Femoral nerve
46
Quadricpes femoris function and muscles that make it up
``` Extends the knee Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius All attach to quad tendon ```
47
Rectus femoris attaches to
AIIS | and patellar tendon
48
Vastus medialis obliquus important for
Patellar alignment
49
Tendon of quadriceps renamed at
Patellar to patellar ligament
50
Patellar ligament attaches to
tibial tuberosity
51
Charlie horse
Ofen of rectus femoris | Cramping of individual muscle
52
Medial compartment of thigh actions innervation and blood supply
Adduction of thigh Obturator nerve Deep femoral and obturator
53
Pectineus
Innervated by femoral nerve
54
Adductor magnus
Anterior and posterior fibers Anterior - adduct via obturator Posterior - extend via tibial division of sciatic
55
Gracilis
Flexes and medially rotates leg
56
Obturator externus
Laterally rotates thigh
57
Muscles of medial compartmnet
Pectineus Adductor longus/brevis/magnus Gracilis Obturator externus
58
What passes through adductor hiatus?
Femoral artery
59
Groin pull result of
Strain of adductor muscles
60
Femoral triangle borders
``` Sup - inguinal ligament Lateral - sartorius Medial - addutor longus Floor - iliopsoas and pectineus Roof - fascia lata ```
61
Femoral triangle continuous with
Adductor canal where femoral artery travels through
62
Contents of femoral sheath
Femoral artery Femoral vein Deep inguinal lymph nodes NOT FEMORAL NERVE
63
Inguinal ligament acts as a
flexor retinaculum of the femoral sheath
64
Structures passing under the inguinal ligament into the femoral triangle from lateral to medial
``` Femoral nerve Femoral artery Femoral vein Empty space Lymphatic vessel NAVEL ```
65
Site of entry for femoral hernia
Femoral ring that is opening to femoral canal
66
Posterior compartment of the thigh actions innervation and blood supply
Extension of thigh and flexion of leg Sciatic (tibial division to all...except for fibular division to short head of bicep femoris) Deep femoral and inferior gluteal arteries
67
Semitendinosus
Medially rotates flexed leg
68
Semimembranous
Medially rotates flexed leg
69
Biceps femoris
Laterally roates a flexed leg
70
Short head of biceps femoris does not
Extend the thigh
71
All posterior muscles of thigh attach at ischial tuberosity except for
bicep femoris short head
72
Lateral and medial popliteal fossa boundaries
Semimembranosus - medial | Long head of bicep femoris - lateral
73
Pes anserinus attachments and function
``` Sartorius Gracilius Semitendinosus Some Gibbons STutter Stabilizes medial side fo the knee ```
74
Increased risk of hamstring tear if
Quads much stronger than hamstrings
75
Lumbar plexus levels and nerves produced
L1-L4 Obturator and femoral nerve Innervates anterior and medial parts of thigh
76
Sacral plexus levels and nerves produced
L4-S3 Tibial and common fibular (from sciatic) GLuteal region, posterior compartment of thigh, all leg compartments, and foot
77
L4-L5
Lumbosacral trunk
78
L1,2,3 give rise to
Purely sensory cutaneous nerves
79
L2,3,4 give rise to
Obturator and femoral that have both motor and sensor y
80
L4-S3 give rise to
Sciatic of both motor and sensor y
81
S2-S4 give rise to
Preganglionic parasympathetics (pelvic splanchnics) Pudendal Levator ani
82
Lumbar plexus
Roots lie in psoas major | Motor innervation not below knee but some cutaneous
83
Femoral nerve
L2,3,4 Not in femoral sheath but near artery Innervates anterior compartment of thigh and pectineus, iliacus
84
Obturator nerve
Innervates medial compartment of the thigh
85
Saphenous nerve
Sensory innervation coming from lumbar plexus
86
Sacral plexus
Roots through greater sciatic foramen Mostly gluteal, posterior thigh, and all of leg and foot Formed from L4-S3
87
S1-S3 of sacral plexus
Ventral rami have anterior and posterior division Anterior (flexors) Posterior (extensors)
88
Long saphenous vein reaches femoral vein at
Saphenous hiatus
89
Which saphenous vein on front and back
Great/long on front | Short on back
90
Arteries of the thigh
Aorta---common iliac-----External and internal iliac | Extneral ----lateral and medial circumflex femoral and also femoral
91
Cruciate anastamosis
Multiple ways to get blood to hip Inferior gluteal Medial and lateral femoral circumflex, and first perforating of deep femoral

Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 (21 decks)

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