Thoracic CVS Flashcards
(33 cards)
what are the boundaries of the superior mediastinum
rib 1 to sternal angle
what are the boundaries of inferior mediastinum
sternal angle to t12
what is the mediastinum
the space between the right and left pleura
what is the inferior mediastinum divided into
Anterior mediastinum is in front of the pericardium.
Middle mediastinum contains the pericardium and its contents.
Posterior mediastinum is behind the pericardium.
what are the contents of the superior mediastinum
Glands – thymus
Veins-brachiocephalic, superior vena cava
Arteries – aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk (R), left common carotid, left subclavian
Nerves – vagus, phrenic
Viscera – trachea, oesophagus
Lymphatics – thoracic duct
what are the contents of the middle mediastinum
lies between T5-T8 and contains the heart
what 2 pericardial tissues surround the heart
fibrous and serous pericardium
what are the 2 aspects of the serous pericardium
Parietal layer (lies deep to fibrous layer) Visceral layer (lies deep to parietal layer)
what proportion of the heart lies to the left and right of the median plane
2/3 to the left
1/3 to the right
describe the heart
right and left atrium
right and left ventricle
AV node - between atrium and ventricle - tricuspid and bicuspid
semilunar valves - pulmonary and aortic valves
how does the hearts conducting system works
SA node is located on the right upper part of the right atrium
AV node lies at the back section of interatrial septum
bundle of His
Purkinje fibres
what are the great vessels
aorta
vena cava - sup. and inf.
pulmonary trunk (arteries)
pulmonary veins
what side is the brachiocephalic trunk
right only
what does the brachiocephalic trunk give arise to
right subclavian artery
right common carotid artery
which vessels form the brachiocephalic veins
right subclavian vein and right internal jugular vein
right and left brachiocephalic veins unite to form what vein
superior vena cava
the common carotid arteries give arise to what vessels
external and internal carotid arteries
describe the right atrium
openings for IVC, SVC, Coronary sinus
fossa ovalis
tricuspid valve - AV valve
interatrial septum
describe the right ventricle
Tricuspid valve - 3 valve cusps chordae tendinae Papillary muscles x3 Trabeculae carneae - to prevent suction Opening for pulmonary trunk, which then gives rise to L & R pulmonary arteries Interventricular septum Moderator band
describe the left atrium
4 openings - L+ R superior pulmonary veins
L + R inferior pulmonary veins
bicuspid/mitral valve
forms base of the heart
describe the left ventricle
Biscuspid/mitral valve 2 valve cusps Chordae tendineae Papillary muscles x2 Trabeculae carneae aorta opening Interventricular septum think muscular wall distal regions forms the apex of heart
describe the coronary artery supply of the heart
left and right coronary arteries arise from left and right aortic sinuses within the aorta
LCA to anterior intraventricular artery
LCA also branches to give LMA and left circumflex artery
left circumflex artery contributes to the posterior intraventricular artery
RCA to RMA anteriorly and posteriorly to the posterior instraventricular artery
describe the coronary venous supply of the heart
great cardiac vein - at the apex and follows intraventricular groove
small cardiac vein - anterior surface of heart
middle cardiac vein - posterior surface of heart drains into right side of heart
left marginal vein
left posterior ventricular vein
what does the left circumflex artery supply
left atrium and left ventricle
