Thorax Anatomy

Question 1

what is the innervation of the naso, oro and laryngopharynx

Answer 1

naso= maxillary V2
oro= glossopharyngeal
laryngo= vagus

Question 2

what nerve supplies motor innervation to stylopharyngeus

Answer 2

glossopharyngeal

Question 3

what nerve supplies motor innervation to cricothyroid

Answer 3

external branch of superior laryngeal

Question 4

origin and insertion of pec major

Answer 4

origin= medial clavicle and sternocostal head
insertion= lateral lip of bicipital groove

Question 5

origin and insertion of pec minor

Answer 5

origin= ribs 3-5
insertion= coracoid process

Question 6

origin and insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 6

origin= upper 8 ribs
insertion= vertebral border of scapula

Question 7

innervation of pec major, minor and serratus anterior

Answer 7

major= medial and lateral pectorals
minor= medial pectoral
serratus= long thoracic nerve

Question 8

what travels through diaphragm at T8, T10 and T12

Answer 8

T8= right phrenic and vena cava
T10= vagus and oesophagus
T12= aorta and thoracic duct

Question 9

role of clara cells

Answer 9

detoxification of pollution and role in controlling inflammatory response

Question 10

final branch of the bronchioles

Answer 10

respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles come before respiratory

Question 11

are azygos veins left or right side of the body

Answer 11

azygos are right and hemiazygos are left

Question 12

what are the routes of the two recurrent laryngeals

Answer 12

right= loops under right subclavian and between trachea/ oesophagus
left= loops under aorta and ascends between trachea/oesophagus

Question 13

what is the drainage of the frontal and maxillary sinuses

Answer 13

hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus

Question 14

what is the drainage of the sphenoid sinus

Answer 14

sphenoethmoidal recess lateral to attachment of nasal septum

Question 15

what is the action of the pec major minor and serratus anterior

Answer 15

major= adduction and medially rotates humerus
minor= draws scapula and forearm forwards
serratus= protraction of the scapula

Question 16

where is the pulmonary artery in relation to the bronchus in the right and left lungs

Answer 16

RALS
right= anterior to bronchus
left= superior to the bronchus

Question 17

what level is the horizontal fissure of the lung

Answer 17

5th rib`

Question 18

what may you find at T4-T5 at transverse plane

Answer 18

sternal angle
bifurcation of trachea
costal cartilage and rib 2
arch of aorta starting and ending
T4/T5 also divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior

Question 19

where are the heart sound locations

Answer 19

aortic valve= right of sternum- 2nd intercostal space
tricuspid valve= left of sternum 5th intercostal space
pulmonary valve= left of sternum 2nd intercostal space
mitral valve= left mid-clavicular 5th intercostal space

Question 20

insertion of the sternocleidomastoid

Answer 20

mastoid process of temporal bone

Question 21

what the 4 infrahyoids

Answer 21

TOSS
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
sternohyioid
sternothyroid

Question 22

what two valves are the AV valves

Answer 22

tricuspid and mitral

Question 23

what two valves are the semi lunar valves

Answer 23

pulmonary and aortic

Question 24

how are papillary muscles attached to the valves

Answer 24

chorda tendinae

Question 25

what is the only artery in the body to carry deoxygenated blood

Answer 25

pulmonary artery

Question 26

how many pulmonary veins do we have

Answer 26

4

Question 27

the right atrium is made up of smooth and trabeculated portions, where do they come from

Answer 27

smooth arises from sinus venosus and trabeculated is from the original atrium

Question 28

what seperates the smooth and trabeculated portions of the right atrium

Answer 28

crista terminalis

Question 29

what lies under the crista terminalis

Answer 29

sino-atrial node

Question 30

what is the fossa ovalis a remnant of

Answer 30

foramen ovale

Question 31

detour; what cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale

Answer 31

mandibular V3

Question 32

what joins together cardiac muscle cells

Answer 32

intercalated discs

Question 33

what does the left coronary divide into

Answer 33

circumflex and LAD

Question 34

what are the branches of the LAD called

Answer 34

diagonal

Question 35

what are the branches of the circumflex called

Answer 35

obtuse marginal

Question 36

when we talk about being right dominant, what artery are we referring to

Answer 36

PDA or posterior interventricular artery 70% are just right 20% are both right and circumflex 10% are just circumflex

Question 37

what are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx called

Answer 37

salpingopharyngeus palatopharyngeus stylopharyngeus

Question 38

what is the innervation of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx

Answer 38

``` glossopharyngeal= stylo vagus= salpingo and palato ```