Throat Disease

Question 1

what are the four things on the centor criteria?

Answer 1

history of fever
tonsils exudates
tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
absence of cough

Question 2

what is done if someone has less than 2 points on the centor score?

Answer 2

no antibiotic or culture needed

Question 3

what is done if someone has 2-3 points on the centor score?

Answer 3

throat culture

treat if culture positive

Question 4

what is done if someone has >3 on the centor score?

Answer 4

treat with an antibiotic

Question 5

in the modified centor score, what is done if someone is under the age of 15?

Answer 5

add a point

Question 6

in the modified centor score, what is done if someone is over the age of 44?

Answer 6

subtract a point

Question 7

what is the most common causes of tonsillitis?

Answer 7

viruses

Question 8

what are the three most common bacterial causes of tonsillitis?

Answer 8

strep pyogenes
h influenza
staph aureus

Question 9

what is quinsy?

Answer 9

a peritonsillar abscess

Question 10

what are the symptoms of a viral tonsillitis?

Answer 10

malaise
sore throat
temperature

Question 11

how long does viral tonsillitis last?

Answer 11

3-4 days

Question 12

what are the symptoms of a bacterial tonsillitis?

Answer 12

systemic upset
fever
odynophagia
halitosis

Question 13

how long does bacterial tonsillitis last?

Answer 13

around a week

Question 14

how is bacterial tonsillitis managed?

Answer 14

antibiotics

Question 15

what score is used to determine if people need antibiotics for tonsillitis?

Answer 15

feverPAIN

Question 16

what are the five criteria in the feverPAIN score?

Answer 16

fever 
purulence 
attend rapidly 
severely inflamed tonsils 
no cough/coryza

Question 17

what supportive management is recommended for tonsillitis?

Answer 17

eat and drink
rest
analgesia

Question 18

what antibiotics are given for tonsillitis?

Answer 18

penicillin 500mg for 10 days

clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

Question 19

what antibiotic should not be given for tonsillitis and why?

Answer 19

amoxicillin

could be glandular fever. - causes a reaction

Question 20

what is the a risk of in tonsillectomy?

Answer 20

haemorrhage

Question 21

what is quinsy a complication of?

Answer 21

acute tonsillitis

Question 22

what causes quinsy?

Answer 22

bacteria gets in between the muscle and the tonsil and starts to produce pus

Question 23

how does quinsy present?

Answer 23

unilateral throat pain
odynophagia
trismus

Question 24

what is seen upon examination of the mouth in quinsy?

Answer 24

medial displacement of the tonsil

uvula displaced away from the affected side

Question 25

how is quinsy managed?

Answer 25

aspiration of pus | antibiotics

Question 26

what is another name for glandular fever?

Answer 26

infectious mononucleosis

Question 27

what causes glandular fever?

Answer 27

epstein barr virus (EBV)

Question 28

how is glandular fever diagnosed?

Answer 28

atypical lymphocytes positive monospot or paul bunnell test low CRP

Question 29

how is glandular fever managed?

Answer 29

symptomatic treatment antibiotics steroids

Question 30

what does giving amoxicillin in glandular fever cause?

Answer 30

a generalised macular rash

Question 31

what can be affected by obstructive hyperplasia?

Answer 31

adenoids | tonsils

Question 32

how does obstructive hyperplasia of the adenoids present?

Answer 32

mouth breathing hypo nasal voice sleep apnoea

Question 33

how does obstructive hyperplasia of the tonsils present?

Answer 33

sleep apnoea | muffled voice

Question 34

what are other names for glue ear?

Answer 34

otitis media with effusion (OME) | serous otitis media (SOM)

Question 35

what is glue ear?

Answer 35

inflammation of the middle ear accompanied by accumulation of fluid

Question 36

who is more commonly affected by glue ear?

Answer 36

more common in males | children

Question 37

what are the risk factors for glue ear?

Answer 37

nursery older siblings smoking households recurrent URTI's

Question 38

what are the symptoms of glue ear?

Answer 38

hearing loss learning and behaviour problems speech delay

Question 39

what is the initial management of glue ear?

Answer 39

watchful waiting for three months

Question 40

if not better at three months, what should be done for glue ear?

Answer 40

review and do further/repeat investigations

Question 41

when is glue ear referred?

Answer 41

persistent >3/12 conductive hearing loss speech problems

Question 42

what is the surgical management for glue ear under 3 years?

Answer 42

grommets

Question 43

what is the surgical management for glue ear in people over 3 who have not had interventions before?

Answer 43

grommets

Question 44

what is the surgical management for glue ear in people over 3 who have had interventions before?

Answer 44

grommets | adenoidectomy