Tissue

Question 1

Function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 1

• Covers surfaces

- Separates compartments

Question 2

What are desmosomes?

Answer 2

Cell-cell adhering junctions

Question 3

Function of desmosomes?

Answer 3

• Uniform movement

- Provides anchorage

Question 4

What binds epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix (basal lamina)?

Answer 4

Hemidesmosomes

Question 5

Function of epithelial cells in the gut?

Answer 5

• Absorption through microvilli

Question 6

Function of cilia?

Answer 6

Transportation of extracellular components (mucus)

Question 7

Describe simple squamous epithelium

Answer 7

• Single cell thick

- Flat cells

Question 8

What are simple squamous epithelial cells good for?

Answer 8

Diffusion

Question 9

Simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 9

• Single cell thick

- Cuboid shape

Question 10

Function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 10

• Secretions

- Absorption

Question 11

What structure will you find simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 11

• Nephrons

Question 12

Where are simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 12

• Lining of digestive tract

Question 13

What do simple columnar epithelium usually have coming out of the axial layer?

Answer 13

Microvilli

Question 14

Where in the body do you find stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 14

Epidermis

Question 15

Where in the body do you find stratified cuboidal?

Answer 15

Sweat gland ducts

Question 16

Where in the body do you find stratified columnar?

Answer 16

Pharynx

Question 17

What is the function of the stratified columnar cells in the pharynx?

Answer 17

• Protection

- Secretion

Question 18

Name of the epithelial tissue in the liver?

Answer 18

Hepatocytes

Question 19

Function of the hepatocytes?

Answer 19

• Secretion
• Absorption
• Lining of blood vessels and bile ducts

Question 20

Function of the epithelium found in the kidney?

Answer 20

• Filtration

- Partial absorption of the filtrate

Question 21

Name of the specialised epithelium found in the bladder

Answer 21

Transitional stratified epithelium

Question 22

What can occur with problems from damage to the covering epithelium

Answer 22

• Under/over secretion
• Lack of cilia
• Under/over proliferation

Question 23

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 23

Glands that secrete into the blood

Question 24

What are exocrine glands?

Answer 24

Glands that secrete onto their surface

Question 25

Two types of simple glands?

Answer 25

- Tubular | - Acinar

Question 26

Example of a compound gland?

Answer 26

Tubuloacinar gland, salivary glands

Question 27

How do myoepithelial cells ensure secretion of a molecule?

Answer 27

They contract around the space where the secrete is to push it out

Question 28

Example of a disease caused by over secretion?

Answer 28

- Pituitary gigantism | - Hyperthyrodism

Question 29

Example of a disease caused by under secretion

Answer 29

- Pituitary dwarfism | - Hypothyroidism

Question 30

Two types of fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 30

- Collagen | - Elastic fibres

Question 31

Structural characteristics of collagen?

Answer 31

- Flexible - Inelastic - Very strong

Question 32

Structural characteristics of elastin?

Answer 32

- Elastic

Question 33

What is elastin made of ?

Answer 33

- Microfibrils | - An amorphous component

Question 34

What is ground substance?

Answer 34

- Gel like substance

Question 35

What is ground substance made of?

Answer 35

- Proteoglycans - Hyaluronic acid - Glycoproteins

Question 36

What is a proteoglycan?

Answer 36

Protein core surrounded by GAGs

Question 37

What is a glycoprotein?

Answer 37

Sugar covalently bonded to a protein

Question 38

2 names given to types of loose connective tissue?

Answer 38

Fixed | Transient

Question 39

Examples of fixed connective tissue?

Answer 39

- Fibroblasts - Macrophages - Mast cells - Adipocytes

Question 40

Example of transient connective tissue?

Answer 40

Lymphocytes

Question 41

What disease can abnormal function of bone result in?

Answer 41

- Osteoporosis

Question 42

What disease can abnormal function of blood result in?

Answer 42

Leukaemia