Tissue Types & Functions Flashcards
Cells Make Up The Human Body (25 cards)
What are the four basic types of human body tissue?
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscular
- Nervous
What is epithelial tissue?
A covering or lining tissue.
What is the function of connective tissue?
Provides support for the body and helps to hold all the body parts together.
What is muscular tissue?
The cells of muscular tissue, often called muscle fibres, are long and thin and can contract to become shorter.
There are three different types of muscular tissue: skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.
What is nervous tissue?
Is made up of specialised nerve cells that are called neurons.
What is a neuron?
Neurons have long projections from the body of the cell.
What happens when a neuron is stimulated?
When part of a neuron is stimulated, messages can be carried along these projections from one part of the body to another.
Describe the structure of epithelial tissue?
The cells that make up epithelium are very closely joined together.
They vary in shape from thin and flat to column-shaped and cube-shaped, depending on the tissue.
Describe the structure of connective tissue
The cells are not close together like they are in epithelium.
They are separated from each other by large amounts of material that is not made of cells called matrix.
What is skeletal muscle?
Make up muscles attached to the bones. It can be felt in arms and legs.
Voluntarily controlled so we can move parts of the body when necessary, making it a voluntary muscle.
Describe the structure of skeletal muscle.
Under a microscope, they are seen to have stripes or striations.
Describe the structure of smooth muscle
Called a non-striated muscle because it doesn’t have striations
What is cardiac muscle?
- Makes up most of the heart.
- When it contracts, it pumps the blood.
- Cannot be voluntarily controlled.
Where is epithelial tissue found?
The cells that line the inside of your mouth are an example of thin, flat epithelial cells. Because they fit very closely together, they form a very smooth surface.
What organs contain epithelial tissue?
The heart, kidneys, intestines, liver and lungs are covered with epithelium
Where is connective tissue found?
Bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments and fat storage (adipose) tissue.
Where is skeletal muscle found?
It can be felt in arms and legs - attached to bones
Where is smooth muscle found?
It is found in the walls of the stomach and intestines, blood vessels, in the iris of the eye, uterus etc.
Where is cardiac muscle found?
Heart
Where is nervous tissue found?
The brain, the spinal cord and the nerves.
What is the level of organisation from a cell to a system?
- Cells
- Tissues
- Organs.
- Systems
What are cells?
the lowest structural level, are specialised to carry out different functions
e.g. Muscle cells are able to shorten in length;
What are tissues?
Cells with similar specialisations that carry out a common function are grouped together into tissues.
e.g. Groups of muscle cells make up muscle tissue,
What are organs?
Different types of tissues work together as organs - normally made up of 2+ tissues.
e.g. The heart is an organ made up of muscular tissue and nervous tissue.
