Tissues & Other Things Flashcards by Sydney Coopland

Receptive region of neuron - conducts impulses toward cell body

Dendrites

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Branches at end of axon - conducts impusles to muscle or other nerve

Telodendrites

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Epithelium located in:
Lung (pink)
Capillary walls
Kidney
Liver
Heart
Blood vessels

Simple squamous epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Thyroid gland
Kidney tubules
Ducts of many glands

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Stomach
Small & large intestine
Ducts of various glands

Simple columnar epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Respiratory tract
Nasal cavities
Trachea
Bronchi

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Moist linings of mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Vagina
Anus

Non-Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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Epithelium located in:

Surface of the skin

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Urinary bladder
Ureters
Upper portion of urethra

Transitional epithelium

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Epithelium located in:
Exocrine glands
Beneath the covering epithelium as single or cluster of cells
Sweat glands
Mammary glands
Sebaceous glands
Pancreatic glands

Glandular epithelium

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Connective tissue located:

Between various glands

Areolar (loose) connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Spleen
Liver
Bone marrow
Lymph nodes

Reticular connective tissue

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Most abundant connective tissue in the body:

Areolar (loose) connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Under the skin
Around kidneys, heart and eyeballs
Within the abdomen and breasts

Adipose connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Ligaments (link bone to bone)
Tendons (link bones to muscle)

Dense regular connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Skin dermis
Fibrous coverings around organs (kidney, muscles, bones, nerves)

Dense irregular connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Articular surfaces of bones
Ends of ribs
Part of nasal septum, larynx, trachea and bronchi

Hyaline cartilage connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
External ear (pinna)
The epiglottis
Wall of auditory (eustachian) tube

Elastic cartilage connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Pads
Vertebral discs between the individual vertebrae
Knee menisci between the tibia and femur
Pubic symphysis (joint between the pubic bones of the pelvis)

Fibrocartilage connective tissue

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Connective tissue located in:
Located throughout the body
External layer of bone

Bone connective tissue - compact bone

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Connective tissue located in:
Located throughout the body
Internal layer of bone

Bone connective tissue - spongy bone

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Muscle tissue located:

Attached to skeleton

Skeletal muscle tissue

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Muscle tissue located:
Within the walls of hollow organs:
- Blood vessels
- Digestive organs
- Urinary tract
- Respiratory tract
- Reproductive tract

Smooth muscle tissue

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Muscle tissue located:

The walls of the heart

Cardiac muscle tissue

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Nervous tissue located: | Spinal cord

Spinal cord ganglion

Composed of neural tissue: | "Light touch"

Meissner's corpuscle

Composed of neural tissue: | "deep" sensation

Pacinian corpuscle

Located in upper dermis, project into epidermis

Meissner's corpuscle

Connective tissue that attaches the ribs to the sternum

Hyaline cartilage

The _____ nerve relays nerve impulses when tasting a bitter pill

IX. Glossopharyngeal nerve

The ____ nerve acts to decrease the heart rate

X. Vagus nerve

On the microscope the _______ ____ concentrates and directs the light to the slide.

Condensor lens

3 components common to all types of connective tissue:

Cells, fibers, ground substance

Muscle: short branched fibers

Cardiac muscle

Muscle: many nuclei/cell

Skeletal muscle

Muscle: attached to bones

Skeletal muscle

Muscle: hollow organs

Smooth muscle

Muscle: spindled, tapered ends

Smooth muscle

Muscle: non-tapered, long, cylindrical

Skeletal muscle

Muscle: central nuclei

Smooth muscle | Cardiac muscle

Mitosis or Meiosis | The daughter cells contain a pair of chromosomes of each kind

Mitosis

Myelinated tree

Arbor vitae

The top (1/5) layer of your dermis

Papillary layer

Dura

Outside layer (close to bone)

Arachnoid

Middle layer

Pia

Closest to organ

The interval between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater where CSF exists

Subarachnoid space

It is the location of the primary somatosensory cortex, the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch (sensory)

Postcentral gyrus

Called the somato-motor cortex because it controls volitional movements of the contralateral side of the body (motor)

Precentral gyrus

Nerve to smell

I. Olfactory

Sensory - Carries impulses associated with vision

II. Optic

Motor - (1) Controls 4/6 extrinsic eye muscles which move the eye (superior, medial and inferior rectus, and inferior oblique) (2) Controls the ciliary muscle which varies the shape of lens which changes in distance (3) Controls circular smooth muscle of iris to constrict pupil of the eye

III. Oculomotor

Motor - Controls ⅙ extrinsic eye muscles which move the eye (superior oblique)

IV. Trochlear

Order of nerves: "On occasion, our trusty truck acts funny—very good vehicle any how”

``` I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigerminal VI. Abducens VII. Facial VIII. Vestibulocochlear IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Spinal Accessory XII. Hypoglossal ```

Function of nerves: "Some scientists make money, but my brother says beautiful blondes make more"

``` I. Sensory II. Sensory III. Motor IV. Motor V. Both VI. Motor VII. Both VIII. Sensory IX. Both X. Both XI. Motor XII. Motor ```

Sensory - Pain, touch and temperature from nasal mucous membrane, facial skin and cornea Sensory - Pain, touch and temperature from facial skin, mouth, upper teeth Sensory - Pain, touch and temperature from skin of chin, lower teeth and anterior 2/3 of tongue Motor - Muscles of mastication (chewing)

V. Trigeminal

Motor - Controls 1/6 extrinsic eye muscles which move the eye (lateral rectus)

VI. Abducens

Sensory - Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue | Motor - To muscles of face, ears and scalp responsible for facial expressions. Secretion of saliva and tears

VII. Facial

Sensory - Carries impulses associated with sense of hearing Sensory - Registers the movement of the body through space and the position of the head. Communication with cerebellum to maintain body equilibrium and coordination of muscle function

VIII. Vestibulocochlear

Motor - To muscles of pharynx and base of tongue; also stimulates secretion of the parotid salivary gland Sensory - Touch, temperature and pain from pharynx; taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

IX. Glossopharyngeal

Motor - To muscles of the larynx for swallowing. To smooth muscle of the digestive tract (from esophagus to large intestine) to increase motility and in airways to bronchoconstrict. To glands of the digestive tract. To cardiac muscles to slow heart rate. Sensory - From baroreceptors and chemoreceptors and mucous membranes of larynx, trachea, lungs, esophagus, stomach, gall bladder and intestines; taste from epiglottis

X. Vagus

Motor - To muscles of pharynx, larynx, and soft palate and trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Swallowing and movement of the head and shoulders.

XI. Spinal Accessory

Motor - To muscles of tongue. Movement of tongue during speech and swallowing.

XII. Hypoglossal

Epithelial tissue function: | Secretion & absorption

Simple cuboidal & simple columnar epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Secretion & protection

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Diffusion

Simple squamous epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Protects the body from mechanical stress

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Protects tissues from heat, microbes & chemicals

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Allows organs to expand / withstand pressure

Transitional epithelium

Epithelial tissue function: | Secretion

Glandular epithelium

Connective tissue function: Attach skin to underlying tissue Surround & support blood vessels

Areolar (loose) CT

Connective tissue function: Internal framework of organs Closely related to blood vessels and nerves

Reticular CT

Connective tissue function: Storage site for lipids Pads & protects Insulation

Adipose CT

Connective tissue function: | Resists pulling forces in a single direction

Dense regular CT

Connective tissue function: | Resists pulling forces in several directions

Dense irregular CT

Connective tissue function: Support with flexibility Embryonic skeleton

Hyaline cartilage

Connective tissue function: | Strength and elasticity

Elastic cartilage

Connective tissue function: | Strong support, withstand heavy pressure

Fibrocartilage

Connective tissue function: Support & protection Synthesis of blood cells Storehouse for minerals

Bone

The hammer taps the Achilles tendon while the foot is dorsiflexed, and the foot, in response, should jerk toward the plantar surface

The Achilles reflex

Normal response must be a sudden leg extension

The patellar reflex

Occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked. The big toe then moves upward or toward the top surface of the foot. The other toes fan out. Normal in infants, abnormal in adults

Babinski reflex

Your touch receptors do not continue to send impulses all the time. This is due to ______ by receptor cells. (e.g. watch)

Adaption

Tissues & Other Things Flashcards

(83 cards)