tmj & muscles of mastication

Question 1

muscles of mastication

Answer 1

• temporalis
• masseter
• medial pterygoid
• lateral pterygoid

Question 2

temporalis muscle

Answer 2

Question 3

masseter muscle

Answer 3

Question 4

medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 4

Question 5

lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 5

Question 6

accessory muscles of mastication

Answer 6

• digastric
• mylohyoid
• geniohyoid

Question 7

digastric muscle (location and role)

Answer 7

• stabilizes the hyoid during swallowing (protects the airway while eating)
• depress the mandible

Question 8

mylohyoid muscle (location and role)

Answer 8

• elevate hyoid bone, oral cavity, and tongue
• depress the mandible

Question 9

geniohyoid muscle (location and role)

Answer 9

• pull hyoid bone and larynx up and forward during swallowing
• depress the mandible

Question 10

mastication neurovasulature (arteries)

Answer 10

• medial and lateral pterygoid arteries
• masseteric artery
• anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries

Question 11

mastication neurovasulature (veins)

Answer 11

• pterygoid plexus of veins
• maxillary vein
• superficial temporal vein
• retromandibular vein

Question 12

which main nerve innervates the mastication muscles

Answer 12

mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Question 13

what is the clinical significance of the pterygoid plexus of veins

Answer 13

• communication with the cavernous sinus, the inferior ophthalmic vein, and the facial vein
• potential to spread infection through the venous system into the cranial cavity

Question 14

branches of the mandibular division of the trigenminal nerve

Answer 14

anterior:
- buccal nerve
- masseteric nerve
- deep temporal nerves
- nerve to lateral pterygoid muscle

posterior:
- auriculotemporal nerve
- lingual nerve
- inferior alveolar nerve → nerve to mylohyoid muscle → muscular branch to anterior belly of digastric muscle

Question 15

temporalis muscle nerve innervation

Answer 15

deep temporal branches of the mandibular nerve

Question 16

masseter muscle nerve innervation

Answer 16

masseteric nerve branch of the mandibular nerve

Question 17

medial pterygoid muscle nerve innervation

Answer 17

medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular nerve

Question 18

lateral pterygoid muscle nerve innervation

Answer 18

lateral pterygoid branch of the mandibular nerve

Question 19

tmj features

Answer 19

• mandibular fossa
• mandibular notch
• articular tubercle
• articular eminence
• condylar process of mandible
• head, neck, ramus, angle, and body of mandible
• pterygoid fovea
• mandibular foramen
• zygomatic arch

Question 20

mandibular fossa

Answer 20

Question 21

mandibular notch

Answer 21

Question 22

articular tubercle

Answer 22

Question 23

articular eminence

Answer 23

Question 24

condylar process of mandible

Answer 24

Question 25

head, neck, ramus, angle, and body of mandible

Answer 25

Question 26

pterygoid fovea

Answer 26

Question 27

mandibular foramen

Answer 27

Question 28

zygomatic arch

Answer 28

Question 29

tmj classification

Answer 29

synovial, condylar and hinge-type joint

Question 30

tmj components

Answer 30

- joint capsule - articular disc - mandibular condyles - articular surface of the temporal bone - temporomandibular ligament - stylomandibular ligament - sphenomandibular ligament - lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 31

joint capsule

Answer 31

Question 32

lateral temporomandibular ligament

Answer 32

Question 33

stylomandibular ligament

Answer 33

Question 34

sphenomandibular ligament

Answer 34

Question 35

what muscles are responsible for elevation of the mandible

Answer 35

- masseter muscle - medial pterygoid muscle - temporalis muscle

Question 36

what muscles are responsible for depression of the mandible

Answer 36

lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 37

what muscles are responsible for protrusion of the mandible

Answer 37

- masseter muscle - medial pterygoid muscle - lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 38

what muscles are responsible for retraction of the mandible

Answer 38

- masseter muscle - temporalis muscle

Question 39

what muscles are responsible for rotation of the mandible

Answer 39

- medial pterygoid - lateral pterygoid

Question 40

tmj ligaments

Answer 40

- joint capsule - lateral temporomandibular ligament - sphenomandibular ligament - stylomandibular ligament