Topic 1 - Motion, Forces and Conservation of Energy

Question 1

What do vectors have?

Answer 1

Magnitude and direction

Question 2

What is the difference between distance and displacement?

Answer 2

Displacement is a vector, so shows the direction moved, whereas distance is a scalar, and so does not

Question 3

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Answer 3

Velocity shows direction

Question 4

What is acceleration?

Answer 4

How quickly you are speeding up

Question 5

What is constant acceleration sometimes also known as?

Answer 5

Uniform Acceleration

Question 6

What do Distance/Time graphs tell you?

Answer 6

How far something has travelled

Question 7

On a distance/time graph, how do you find speed?

Answer 7

By using the gradient

Question 8

What do Velocity/Time graphs tell you?

Answer 8

How something has changed in speed over time

Question 9

On a velocity/time graph, how do you find the distance travelled?

Answer 9

By calculating the area underneath the graph

Question 10

Finish the sentence: A _____ is needed to change motion

Answer 10

Force

Question 11

What is Newton’s First Law?

Answer 11

If the resultant force on a stationary object is 0, it will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object is 0, it will continue moving at the same velocity

Question 12

What equation describes Newton’s Second Law?

Answer 12

F = ma, as acceleration is inversely proportional to mass (a heavier object will accelerate less than a lighter one for a given resultant force)

Question 13

Why can large decelerations be dangerous in cars?

Answer 13

Becuase they require a large force, which may cause serious injuries to those in the car

Question 14

What is mass?

Answer 14

The amount of ‘stuff’ in an object (kg)

Question 15

What is weight?

Answer 15

The force acting on an object due to gravity (N)

Question 16

What two things does weight depend on?

Answer 16

Mass and gravitational field strength

Question 17

Finish the sentence: In circular motion, ________ is constantly changing due to changing direction

Answer 17

Velocity

Question 18

What is inertia?

Answer 18

The tendency for motion to remain unchanged

Question 19

What is Newton’s Third Law?

Answer 19

Reaction Forces are equal and opposite

Question 20

What is momentum?

Answer 20

The quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity

Question 21

What cause changes in momentum?

Answer 21

Forces

Question 22

What is a stopping distance?

Answer 22

How long it takes a car to stop after seeing a hazard

Question 23

What is thinking distance?

Answer 23

The distance the car travels whilst the driver is reacting to seeing the hazard

Question 24

What is braking distance?

Answer 24

The distance travelled once the brakes have been applied

Question 25

What experiment measures reaction times?

Answer 25

Ruler Drop Experiment

Question 26

Finish the sentence: Energy in the car's kinetic energy store = Work done by the ______

Answer 26

Brakes

Question 27

Name 8 energy stores:

Answer 27

- Kinetic - Thermal - Chemical - Gravitational Potential - Elastic Potential - Electrostatic - Magnetic - Nuclear

Question 28

What does a moving object have energy in?

Answer 28

It's kinetic energy store

Question 29

Finish the sentence: An object at height has energy in its _____________ _________ ______ Store

Answer 29

Gravitational Potential Energy

Question 30

What does 'Conservation of Energy' mean?

Answer 30

Energy is never created or destroyed

Question 31

When is energy useful?

Answer 31

When it is transferred from one store to a useful store

Question 32

What type of diagram shows efficiency?

Answer 32

Sankey Diagram

Question 33

How can energy transfer by friction be reduced?

Answer 33

Lubrication

Question 34

How can energy transfer by heating be reduced?

Answer 34

Insulation

Question 35

Finish the sentence: Non-renewable energy resources will ___ ___ one day

Answer 35

Run out

Question 36

Name 5 renewable energy resources:

Answer 36

- Bio-fuels - Wind - Solar - Hydro-electric - Tidal

Question 37

What are bio-fuels made from?

Answer 37

Plants and waste

Question 38

What two things limit the use of renewable energy resources?

Answer 38

Reliability and money

Question 39

What are energy sources chosen for?

Answer 39

Their effect on the environment