Topic 1: States of matter Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is the shape of a solid?
Solids have a definite shape.
What is the shape of a liquid?
Liquids take the shape of their container.
What is the shape of a gas?
Gases take the shape of their container.
How are particles arranged in solids?
Regular lattice arrangement.
How are particles arranged in liquids?
Randomly arranged.
How are particles arranged in gases?
Randomly arranged.
How do particles move in solids?
Vibrate about fixed positions.
How do particles move in liquids?
Move past one another.
How do particles move in gases?
Move randomly and quickly.
What is melting?
Solid changing to liquid at melting point.
What is freezing?
Liquid changing to solid at freezing point.
What is boiling?
Liquid changing to gas at boiling point.
What is evaporation?
Liquid changing to gas at any temperature.
What is condensation?
Gas changing to liquid.
What is sublimation?
Solid changing directly to gas (or vice versa).
During melting and boiling, does temperature change?
No, it stays constant.
What happens to particles when a gas cools and condenses?
They move slower and come closer.
What happens to particles when a solid is heated?
They vibrate faster.
What is diffusion?
Movement of particles from high to low concentration.
In which state is diffusion fastest?
Gases.
How does relative molecular mass affect diffusion?
Lighter gases diffuse faster.
What happens to gas volume when pressure increases?
Volume decreases.
What happens to gas volume when pressure decreases?
Volume increases.
