TOPIC 18

Question 1

Muscles

Answer 1

M.psoas minor
M.Iliopsoas
M.psoas major
M.iliacus
M.quadratus lumborum

Question 2

M.psoas minor

Answer 2

O: Transverse process of last few Thoracic vertebraes and first few lumbar vertebraes
I: Eminentia iliopubica
A:
Fixed vertebral collumn: Draw the pelvis in a deeper position
Fixed pelvis: Stabilize and arch the lumbar and vertebral collumn dorsally

Question 3

M.Iliopsoas

Answer 3

Large: M.psoas major
- Lateral to psoas minor
O: Bodies and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae
I: Trochanter minor

Small: M.Iliacus
O: Ventral surface of the wing of Ilium, bleds with psoas major muscle
I: Trochanter minor, together with psoas major.

A: Draw the tigh forwards by flexing the hip and turning the stifle outwards

Question 4

M.quadratus Lumborum

Answer 4

Supports the kidneys
Extends latterally
Nothing to do with limb
Covered ventrally by the psoas major muscle!

O: Lumbar transverse processes and the last ribs
I: Ventral surface of wing of sacrum
A: Fix & flex the lumbar vertebral collumn dorsaly

Question 5

Ventral branches

Answer 5

• Cranial iliohypogastric nerve - abd
• Caudal Iliohypogastric nerve - abd
• Iliounguinal nerve - Abd
• Genitofemoral nerve
• Lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
• Femoral nerve
• Obturator nerve

Question 6

N.Iliohypogastricus

Answer 6

Ln (ca&fe): Cranial and caudal
N.iliohypogastricus Cranialis - caudal to last rib
N.iliohypogastricus Caudalis - After cranial nerve

from L1 and L2
Devide into lateral and medial part
- Medial branch: passes into the inguinal region
- Lateral branch: Innervates the skin of abd wall

Question 7

N. Ilioinguinales

Answer 7

Found on abdominal wall
From L3
Follow a path similar to that of Nn.iliohypogastricus

Question 8

N.genitofemoralis

Answer 8

From L3 & L4, root of 3rd larger than roote of 4th
Runs caudally between the lumbar muscles
Thin, small, tough nerve l
Exits through inguinal canal

Innervates:

• Medial muscles of tigh
• Vulva/Scrotum & Prepuce
• Autonomous fibers to ensure the “milk let down”

Question 9

N.cutaneous femoralis lateralis

Answer 9

Runs with the deep circumflex iliac A and V
From L4 (primarly)
Innervates:
Skin over the distal thigh & the auriculatio genus

Question 10

N.femoralis

Answer 10

Cut through Psoas major muscle
From L4, L5, L6
- Strong nerve
- Found within Psoas muscles!
- Continiues as N.SAPHENA as it enters the Femoral canal -> has a small decending branch to the knee
(running with the decending genicular artery)

Innervates:
Quadriceps muscles (N.femoralis)
Median musclea of thigh (N.Saphena)
Down to tarsus caudally (N.Saphena)

N.Saphena continioues distally with the A.saphena and the V.Saphena mediana.

Question 11

N.obturatorius

Answer 11

Lying on the adductor muscle
From L4, L5, L6
Moves Caudally to the obturator foramen
Leaves the pelvis
Innervates: Adductor muscle, finds this muscle, the nerves crosses across it.

Question 12

What to do when disecting?

Answer 12

• Open abdomen, locate lumbar muscles
• With forceps, clean abd wall, which extends laterally from the lumbar muscles.
• Find nerves, then clean muscles