Topic 2: Development Dynamics Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is development?
The economic, social and political progress a country or people make (for development to be beneficial it must be sustainable)
What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year
What is GDP per capita?
The total GDP of an area/country divided by the total population, this therefore shows the average wealth per person
What is poverty rate?
The % of people in a country living below an internationally agreed minimum standard ($1.25 a day)
What is the GINI coefficient?
The GINI coefficient measures how equally shared wealth is in a country using a score from 0-100
A score of 0 means everyone is equal wealthy and a score of 100 means total inequality
What is Human Development Index (HDI)?
A score between 0-1 that describes a country’s wealth, health and education.
A score of 1 is the best and a score of 0 is the worst.
What is Corruption Perception Index?
A measure of how corrupt a country’s government is from 0-10,
a score of 0 means the government is very corrupt and a score of 10 means they are totally honest
What is a population structure?
A graph which shows what percentage of a country’s population is in each age group (e.g 10-14),
it shows the percentage of male population and the percentage of female population separately
What is birth rate?
The number of births each year per 1000 people in a country/areas population
What is death rate?
The number of deaths each year per 1000 people in a country/areas population
What is dependency ratio?
The amount of people below 14 or above a countries normal working age compared to the amount of working age people in a country
It is calculated by: young + elderly / working age
What is fertility rate?
The average number of births per woman in her reproductive life
What is infant mortality?
The number of children per 1000 births who die before their 1st birthday
What is maternal mortality?
The number of mothers per 100,000 mothers who die in childbirth each year
What will happen to infant and maternal mortality rates as a country becomes more developed?
Infant and maternal mortality rates will fall as the country’s healthcare will become far better and the mothers and children will be likely to have better access to safe food and drink
Why will the UK have a higher life expectancy than Malawi?
Because the UK has far better health care services than Malawi, food and water are also much safer in the UK
What were the 5 stages of Development created by Rostow?
1) Traditional society
2) Pre-conditions for take-off
3) Take-off
4) Drive to maturity
5) High mass consumption
What were the 3 parts of Frank’s ‘Depencency’ model?
- Periphery
- Semi-periphery
- Core
In Frank’s model, who do the periphery area represent?
Developing countries
In Frank’s model, who do the core area represent?
Developed countries
What did Frank believe about the relationship between Periphery and the Core countries?
Frank believed that the Periphery countries relied on the core countries for goods (such as food), whilst this also benefits the core countries as they are making money from the Periphery countries buying these goods from them
What does it mean if a country has large levels of inequality?
If a country has large levels of inequality it means there is extreme differences between the poor people and the wealthy
What are the 4 main consequences of Poverty?
Economic - People in developing countries often do not have enough money to buy essentials such as food and shelter
Political - Many developing countries have poorly functioning democracies
Environmental - Developing countries are extremely vulnerable to natural disasters due to their poorly built houses/buildings and their lack of technology
Social - There are 775 million people in the world who cannot read or write (Almost all of these come from extremely poor countries)
What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the process by which places in the world are becoming increasingly interconnected and interdependent
