Topic 2- sport, leisure and tourism Flashcards
(161 cards)
1
Q
Describe the music halls at the start of the 20th century
A
more popular with the working class. The audience would be encouraged to sing along with entertainers. Seated at tables
2
Q
What was the revival in the early 20th century?
A
It encouraged more people to attend a place of worship which greatly boosted the attendance in Chapels in particular
3
Q
What activities happened at the church in the early 20th century?
A
Choirs
Brass bands
Drama groups
eisteddfod
Cymanfa ganu
sporting teams
4
Q
What is the cymanfa ganu?
A
a hymn Singing festival
5
Q
What is the eisteddfod?
A
a festival of Welsh culture and tradition
6
Q
What types of people opposed pubs and why?
A
Wives, chapel goers
because of the dangers and expense of alcohol
7
Q
What movement campaigned against the consumption of alcohol?
A
The temperance movement
8
Q
What was cinema like before 1927?
A
Short, silent, black and weight films accompanied with a pianist
Hard wooden seats, noisy audiences and unreliable projectors
‘flea pits’- but as they grew in popularity, they were replaced with grander buildings
9
Q
When was the first talkie?
A
In 1927 ‘the Jazz singer’
10
Q
What happened to cinema in the 1930s?
A
Film industry started to produce talkies
Half the population in Britain went to the cinema once a week
Actors became famous
Young people met there- became a popular place for dating
11
Q
What happened to cinema in WW2?
A
Cinemas closed for a week as government worried about bombs falling on crowded cinemas
Kind of films the ministry of information allowed to be shown showed the heroism of British forces and ordinary people and pocked fun at the enemy- kept up morale
provided information- showed short news reports and public information films about air raid precautions and the blackout
12
Q
How did the cinema impact fashion in the 1930s?
A
Cinema magazines became popular
Woman adopted styles and fashions from Hollywood stars
13
Q
How did the cinema impact British lifestyle in the 1930s?
A
Americanisation of British culture—Words like ‘darling’ and ‘coca cola’ enamel part of everyday life
14
Q
How did the cinema impact technology in the 1930s?
A
Introduction of synchronised sound and dialogue - 1927 jazz singer
Colour movies in 1930s—eg the wizard of oz
15
Q
How did the cinema impact education in the 1930s?
A
Many people though cinema was a good way of educating masses
The educational value of the cinema has now been taken over by cheap thrills
16
Q
How did the cinema impact entertainment in the 1930s?
A
People forgot problems from their everyday lives like unemployment — 1930s - Great Depression
Cinemas showed news reels too
Captured imagination of young children
17
Q
How did the cinema impact employment in the 1930s?
A
More people go to cinema so more jobs
Different careers introduced to do with cinema and film industry
Unemployed went to the cinema
18
Q
When did radios start to appear in people’s Homes?
A
1920s
19
Q
When was the bbc set up?
A
1924
20
Q
What happened to the radio during WW2?
A
Government used radio to control news and information
Used to keep up morale by making military set backs like Dunkirk sound less serious
used to entertain armed forces
millions listened to Churchill’s regular radio broadcasts about the course of the war
21
Q
What kind of sports did amateur sportsmen play?
A
Tennis, cricket, rugby union, rowing
22
Q
Definition of an armature sports man
A
Not paid, upper class, no need to work, believed in FairPlay and sportsmanship
23
Q
Definitions of a professional sports man
A
Paid, lower class, played as their job
24
Q
What sports did professionals play?
A
Football, rugby league
25
Explain the difference between rugby league and rugby union
Rugby league allowed professionals
26
In rugby, what was the issue of 'broken time'?
Rugby union refused senior players demand to be paid for the time they took off work to play games. This led to rugby league in 1895
27
What happened in 1905 to rugby?
Wales beat New Zealand all blacks in Cardiff
| This increased popularity in the game
28
What we're fighting booths?
Booths at travelling fairs and carnivals where an ordinary man could fight a pro and earn money if he won.
29
When was the golden era of Welsh football?
1920s
| Wales won the fa cup in 1927 in Cardiff city
30
What was the body line series in cricket?
When Britain played Australia in the ashes in 1932. Douglas jardine, the English captain, ordered the bowlers to bowl directly at Australian bodies.
31
How did tennis become more accessible for ordinary people?
Councils built grass and hard tennis courts in public parks.
32
What was the view of woman playing sport in the early 20th century?
Poorer woman were expected to look after the home and family
| Richer woman were expected to play genteel sport like croquet and tennis
33
How did spectator sport grow in the early 20th century?
Increased leisure time- bank holidays, paid holidays, Saturday free
Influence of radio- could listen in own home, outside broadcasts
Competitions and tournaments- encouraged rivalry and enthusiasm
Better transport- better availability, railways linked up cities, cheaper, easier
34
How did newspapers influence sport up to the 1970s?
Separate sports pages and reporter
Covered popular sports
Eg 'sporting life'
Most people bought newspapers everyday. Influenced popularity of individuals, teams and sporting events.
35
How did magazines influence sport up to the 1970s?
'The tropical times' in 1919 was the first weekly magazine that had a high level of football related content
They aimed to inform readers how to develop their own sporting skills and provide info on forth coming events as well as advertising sport related products
36
How did comics influence sport up to the 1970s?
Popular British comic strip was 'Billy's boots'
Created an interest in sports and made young boys want to be like the characters they read about
37
How did television influence sport up to the 1970s?
1937- first live television match in Britain
1958- bbc launched grandstand which covered main sporting events
Many households rented TVs to watch the 1966 World Cup final where England beat west Germany
Shows highlighted top sporting stars and made house hold names of commentators like Bill Maclaren
38
How did cinema influence sport up to the 1970s?
1930s- cinema was the only place where fans could watch games of their sporting heroes
Every cinema showed regular newsreels between the films which showed items of topical interest
39
How did radio influence sport up to the 1970s?
1948- first bbc sporting report broadcast
Created sporting heroes in the 1930s and 40s
Continued to broadcast live events
Developed popularity of sport
40
Why did more people begin to take part in sport after 1960?
More free time
More employment and disposable income
Better transport and wider car ownership
Greater media coverage of sports and recreation
Growing concerns about health and fitness
41
What technological development helped participation in outdoor sports from the 1960s?
1960s- Flood lights, which meant teams could train and play in the evening
1970s-80s- synthetic outdoor playing surfaces
42
What is the role of cars in participation in sport?
Enabled more people to reach remote parts of the countryside or allowed them to travel to the gym
43
What was the origins of the Paralympics?
In 1948 when the Olympic Games were helped in London, a sports competition for wheelchair athletes was held. This evolved into the Paralympic Games.
44
What was the key reason for growing participation of woman in sport?
Woman had more opportunity in the later half of the century.
Olympic success led to greater publicity for successful female athletes.
In 1956 Gillian sheen won a gold medal in fencing
45
What 2 disasters showed the dangers for spectators at older football grounds?
1985- over 50 fans died in a fire at Bradford cities stadium
1999- 95 Liverpool fans died when they were crushed against crowed Barriers at the Hillsborough stadium in Sheffield
46
How have sports grounds changed in the last 20 years?
1990- large stadiums had to be converted to all seating stadiums.
47
How has cricket been changed by tv?
It used to be a game played quietly between two teams wearing white. Now players wear colourful kits.
48
What are some impacts of satellite and cable channels?
Created new sports like skydiving
Increased popularity in American sports
Created sporting stars
49
How has tv been good for sport?
Produced vast sums of money
Allowed aspects of the game to be improved
Provided new resources
50
How has tv been bad for sport?
Shows bad behaviour of certain stars
Changed rules and timings of many sports
Excessive coverage of sports
51
Why do companies want to be associated with sport?
As the exposure helps to sell their products
players promote their brand
52
Explain the development of sponsorship from 1957.
1957- whitbread offered £6000 to sponsor the ascot gold cup
Mars and flora sponsored London marathon
By 1990s sports clubs were entering sponsorship deals to build sporting grounds.
53
What have been the 4 main controversies in sport?
Spectators
Politics
Terrorism
Drugs
54
Give examples of controversies about spectators in sport.
1985- fire at Bradford stadium, 50 died
1989- 95 Liverpool fans died at Hillsborough when they were crushed against crowd barriers.
55
Give examples of controversies about politics in sport.
1936- Berlin olympics- hitler wanted to show case Germany. Did not let Jews take part. Jesse Owens won 4 gold medals. This infuriated hitler as Owens was African American. Hitler refuses to shake his hand.
1968- Tommie Smith, Mexico - he used the medal ceremony to show support to black power movement. As well as famous war salute he received medal shoeless but wearing black socks to represent black poverty.
56
Give examples of controversies about terrorism in sport.
1972- Munich olympics- Palestinian terrorists broke into an apartment, killing two israli athletes and took nine hostage. The terrorists demanded money to free them. However, they were killed during a shoot out.
57
Give examples of controversies about drugs in sport.
1928- first law against drugs however drugs used in sport continue to rise
Tommy Simpson- 1967- cycling- used drugs and died in a race.
58
Who is Fred Perry?
A sporting star
Tennis player
Won Wimbledon in three consecutive years (1934-36)
59
Who is Mary rand?
A sporting star
First British woman to win Olympic gold in athletics- (1964 Tokyo)
1964- voted BBC sports personality
60
Who is Len Hutton?
A sporting star
England batsman
England's first professional captain
1956- Knighted for his contribution to cricket
Went on to be a journalist and broadcaster
61
Long question- has television coverage been the main reason for increasing popularity in sport?
What are the 4 factors?
Radio
Increased opportunities for participation and recreation
Tv
Sponsorship and professionalism
62
When was commercial tv allowed?
1955
63
Describe the growth of cinema in the 1950s
Hollywood films remained popular
Stars become household names - Marilyn Monroe
Children still went to Saturday morning matinées
Colour films
64
Describe the development and impact of television in the 1960s
TV ownership continued to increases
many rented still
1960-Coronation street first broadcasted
1964- bbc 2 launched
1966- largest ever tv audience watched England win World Cup
1969 - first ever all night broadcast showed Apollo moon landing
65
Describe the decline of cinema in the 1960s
Rise in ticket price as government increased entertainment tax
Cinemas became shabby and closed down
Television was on the rise
66
Describe pop music in the 1950s
Rock n roll was popular -Eg Elvis Presley
Young people liked this type of music
Would listen on radio or at concerts
Beginning of concerts
Caused more people to buy records
67
Describe music in the 1960s
Known as swinging sixties eg- Beatles, Rolling Stones
Music for younger generation
More American music became popular -eg Beach Boy
More concerts and festivals
Development of night clubs
68
What was the impact of pop music on teenagers in the 1960s?
Teens spent £1.5 billion a year on music
Would buy merchandise
100 million records sold in 1964
69
What was the impact of pop music on clubs and concerts in the 1960s?
End of 60s- discos became popular
More people started to see live bands
Huge open air festivals in Hyde park
70
What was the impact of pop music on technology in the 1960s?
Electric record player
Transistor radios
Lighter, smaller singles
71
What was the impact of pop music on radio in the 1960s?
Bbc launched bbc 1 - a music channel
72
What was the impact of pop music on protest in the 1960s?
Rock n roll seen as a form of rebellion
Pop music was linked to political protest -eg Bob Dylan - nuclear weapons.
73
What was the impact of pop music on fashion in the 1960s?
Young people wanted to wear same styles as their idols
Eg - leather jacket, mini skirt,
New hair styles- page boy cut for girls and Afros for men
74
How did tv change in the later half of the century?
More programs to watch
1997- channel five started
DVDs allowed people to watch to outside of broadcasting time
1989- satellite and cable networks available
From 2008 analogue signal was replaced with digital signal giving more program choice.
75
What are some positives of tv?
Educational
Much more aware of news
Gives people things to discuss
Entertainment without leaving homes
76
What are some negatives of tv?
Too persuasive
Too much bad language and sexual content
Bad effects on lifestyle
People copy violent actions
Advertising has made people materialistic
77
Why did cinema audiences decline in the 70s and 80s?
More people could afford a tv
Video recorder in 80s meant people could hire films and watch them at home.
78
Why did more people go to the cinema in the 90s?
Special effects
Stereo sound
3D technology
Blockbusters- Jurassic Park
79
What have been the most recent developments in entertainment technology?
Social networking
Internet
Gaming
Mobiles
80
Describe the development of women in pop
Females such as Mary Hopkins were very successful in the 1960s
Female artists of the 1980s and 1990s had a stronger, more independent image- eg Madonna
1990s- Spice Girls became popular, selling their image of 'girl power'
81
What has been the most important development in popular entertainment from 1900 to present day?
What are the 4 factors?
Cinema
Tv
Radio
Pop music and modern technology
82
Describe a traditional British holiday resort
By later 19th century railway linked cities to coast
professional class stayed in grand hotels-
working class stayed in guesthouses- had to be out of the room all day until dinner time
Piers, beaches, paddling, Punch and Judy shows, fairgrounds, donkey rides
eg- Brighton
83
What was the bank holiday act?
An act that gave workers an extra 6 day off a year.
84
When was the bank holiday day act?
1871
85
Where would richer people go on holiday up to the 1950s?
18th and 19th century- would go on a tour of Europe
spread of the railroad in later 19th century made travelling the continent easier
Places like Monte Carlo and Venice became popular destinations
86
When was holiday with pay first introduced?
1919
87
When did Billy Butlin open his first holiday camp and where?
1936
| In Skegness
88
What was Butlins slogan?
A weeks holiday for a weeks pay
89
What activities were at holiday camps?
Monorail
Swimming pool
Sports
Knobbly knees and glamorous granny competitions
90
When and what was the national park act?
1949
an act with the aim to conserve natural beauty and to promote opportunities for public enjoyment in an area
91
What and when was the first national park?
The Peak District
| 1951
92
What caused the biggest change in British holiday patterns?
The growth of cheap air travel
93
What two things wreaked the publics desire to visit holiday camps?
Old fashioned
| People more attracted to cheap package holiday patterns abroad.
94
Question 1 a
source A shows... because... x2
from my own knowledge x2
95
Question 1b
3 reasons....
Explain why.....
Firstly... because
secondly. ..because
thirdly. ....because
96
Question 1c
Why do sources B and C have different views about.....?
cc, oo, pp
C- source B says.... This differs C because...
O- Source B and O have different origins. B is from... (where, who, why important, when) Whereas C is from.....
P- Source B and C are created for different purposes. Source B was created to....Whereas source C was created to...
Overall they differ because....
97
Question 2a
2/3 points and explain them
98
Question 2b
Explain why......
Firstly... because
secondly. .. because
thirdly. .. because
99
Question 2c
How successful/important has.....?
.............. was successful/important to a certain extent
because (reason 1, reason 2, reason 3)
overall they were (not) successful/important because........
100
Question 3a
2/3 points and explain them
101
Question 3b
Essay question
There were many factors that led to (factor in question)
factor in question was important because...
another factor is..... (explain)
another factor is..... (explain)
another factor is..... (explain)
conclusion- overall factor in question was important/not important because....Most important factor was... because...
102
Describe the development of rugby
Spread from english public schools in mid 19th century to Wales
By 1900 most villages had own teams
1905-Wales beat New Zealand All Black- popularity increased
1895- 'broken time' affected rugby union as some players could not afford to take time off work to play matches. Led to rugby league. Rugby union became the amateur gentleman's game and rugby league became a working class, professional player's game
1930's depression meant more players moved to rugby league- decline in popularity of union
103
Describe the development of football
1885- Football Association allowed payment for players- £4 a week
1927- Cardiff won FA cup
1930s- depression- decrease in popularity as people could not afford tickets
1940s- radio ect created football stars. Football pools became popular-gambling
104
Describe the development of boxing
Rich and poor supporters- would bet
armatures would take on professionals in fighting booths at fairs
woman known to fight men too
Average wag in mid 30s was £3
Tommy Farr- famous boxer
105
Describe the development of cricket
early 20th century- national sport of England
mainly played by better off
Though also working class- led to separate dressing rooms and gates to enter the pitch due to different social classes
1932- Ashes clash between England and Australia when english captain (Jardine) ordered players to bowl directly at Australian bodies- professionalism at its worst.
106
Describe the development of golf
- upper class to begin
- later on, armatures and professionals played together
- 1920s brought women golf players
107
Describe the development of tennis
- Lawn tennis, mainly upper class- courts in private gardens
- Spread of middle class suburbs led to councils building hard courts in public parks
- huge boost of popularity when Fred Perry won singles title for 3 consecutive years 1934-1936
108
Describe the development of women in sport
poor woman had no time or money
upper class expected to play genteel sports - tennis, croquet
was seen as unattractive to be competitive
1920s- began to play team sports- hockey. Began to go to matches
109
Describe the impact of better transport on the popularity of sport
19th century railway boom- linked up major cities making it easy to attend way matches
railway companies had special trains for supports- shows how popular trains were
tube and train stations were an influence where clubs built new stadiums
110
Describe the impact of increased leisure time on the popularity of sport
increased popularity
- 1870s- bank holidays
- 1874- sundays and half of saturday off- allowed 3pm kick off
- 1920s- most workers had 2 weeks paid holiday
111
Describe the influence of radio on the popularity of sport
- people crowded around family radios to hear final scores
- outside broadcasts by BBC to show major events (University boat race)
- 1927, FA Cup final saw the first hop- imaginary hop scotch type grid on pitch so listeners could know where ball was -'back to square one'
- sports radio broadcasts were banned in the depression as fewer spectators paying
- 1937-international broadcast
112
Who is Tanni Grey Thompson?
- considered to be one of the most successful disabled athletes in UK
- won 11 golds at Paralympics
- 2005- made a dame
113
Who is Nicole Cooke?
- Wale's greatest female cyclist
- 2003- Wales sports personality of the year
- 2008- won gold at Beijing olympics
- 2009- awarded an MBE
114
Who is David Beckham?
- one of Britain's most successful midfielders in football
- Captain of england's football team for 6 years
- A global celebrity and national icon
115
What are some reasons for the growth in participation in sports and recreation in the LATER HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY?
- increased leisure time
- growth in organised junior sport
- 'obesity epidemic'
- more opportunities for disabled
- greater participation by women
- greater media coverage
- increased car ownership
- more disposable income
116
Describe how improved facilities led to greater participation in sport in the later half of the century
- 1964-First purpose built sports centre in Essex
- introduction of flood lights, games played in evenings
- 1970s- synthetic outdoor playing surface- hockey and tennis benefited from this
117
PREDICTED ESSAY QUESTION:
What are the most important developments in popular entertainment from 1900 to present day?
what are the 4 factors?
Cinema
TV
Radio
Pop music linked to modern technology
118
What 6 factors caused an increase in spectator sport in the early 20th century?
increased leisure time
influence of radio
rivalries between regions
attraction of sporting heroes
competitions and tournaments
better transport
119
What is social class?
the division in society based on a persons background and income
120
What are some negative impacts of tv ON SPORT?
less of an emphasis on fair play and more of an emphasis on winning
Too much money stays at the higher levels of sport making it difficult for less wealthy individuals to compete
TV has changed the rules of certain sports and dictated the timing of some sporting events
121
What are some positive impacts of tv ON SPORT?
allows fans to watch their favourite sports at home
has popularised sport, especially some minority sport
Sponsorship and the selling of television rights have generated vast sums of money for sport
122
Describe how the growth of junior sport led to a greater participation in sport in the later half of the 20th century
local sports clubs eg football, started to coach and organise junior teams for all sexes and ages
National youth movements like the Urdd Gobaith Cymru introduced sports competitions into their festivals
123
Describe how the development of disability sports led to a greater participation in sport in the later half of the 20th century
sport was introduced as a form of rehabilitation for injured ex-service people after WW2
1948 olympics in London resulted in the introduction of competitions for wheel chair athletes at Stoke Mandeville hospital- evolved into modern Paralympic games
local authorities have worked with organisations to improve sporting facilities for disabled people
124
Describe how the obesity epidemic led to a greater participation in sport in the later half of the 20th century
new sports centres were built
private gyms opened across the country and became very popular
125
Describe the developments in music technology
1979- Walkman- a portable audio cassette player
1982-CD players
2000s- mp3 players and smart phones
126
Describe the development of pop on television in the late 20th century
Top of the Pops was very popular
Music videos popular
127
Describe music in the 1980s and 1990s
Britpop- a style of music of the 1990s which looked back on guitar pop music of the 1960s -eg Blur
Cool Cymru- a nickname for the welsh musical scene in the late 1990s
128
Describe music in the 1970s
Glam rock- performed by singers who wore outrageous clothes, make up and hairstyles eg- David Bowie
Punk rock- a fast and aggressive music style, often with offensive lyrics
129
Describe the growth of television up to the 1950s
BBC began television broadcasts in 1936 but very few people owned a TV
Due to was, BBC stopped television broadcasts
BOOM in television ownership as a result of the broadcast of the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953
ITV was launched in 1955 - start of commercial TV
130
What opportunities did people have for holidays up to 1950?
seaside resorts
spa towns
Day excursions
Grand tour of Europe- for rich
Hiking, cycling and camping
Holiday camps
131
When was the 'high point' of British holidays?
1945-65
132
What are some reasons for the growth in British holidays after 1945?
- people felt relief at the end of the war which encouraged spending
- better wages
- more people were entitled for holiday with pay
- better road transport
- holiday camps - Butlins- developed
- Better advertising of holidays
133
Describe the growth of caravan holidays after WW2
- sharp growth
- caravans offered a cheap form of holiday- affordable to working class
- number of caravan sites increased
- Caravans provided independence- escape from home life
134
Describe the growth of the holiday camp after WW2
50s and 60s were the 'golden age' of the holiday camp
many disused army camps were converted into holiday camps
provided accommodation, food and entertainment for one price
Butlins continued to expand
135
Describe the growth of the motor car on holidays after WW2
- improved wages meant more people could own a car
- in 60s, 1 in 4 families owned a car
- motels began to appear
- more day trips
136
What are some negative impacts of the growth of the motor car?
- overcrowding on roads
| - more roads had to be built to tackle congestion
137
What activities do national parks offer?
walking
climbing
cycling
horseriding
watersports
138
Why were national parks set up?
- desire to protect local environment
- desire to provide access to stunning and unspoilt scenery
- hoped parks would promote rural tourism and offer a wide rage of experiences
139
describe the development of package holidays and travel to foreign destinations from the 1960s
- cheaper air travel in 1960s made holidays in the Mediterranean more affordable
- Travel companies began to offer package holidays abroad
- Pontins set up 'Pontinental holidays'- all inclusive holidays to Spain ect
- By 1970s large stretches of the coast in southern Europe had become geared to mass tourism
140
Describe the development of long haul flights and cheaper air travel from the 1960s
- 'Sky train' in 1980s- offered cheap flights to the USA
| - Laid the foundations for other low budget air lines such as easyjet
141
Describe the impact of the package holiday from the 1960s
- led to lifestyle changes as people experiment with foreign cooking
- clothing began to change- more shorts and tshirts
- UK resorts began to decline in popularity
142
Describe the British holiday fight back and the updating of traditional resorts in the later 20th century
- holiday camps seen as old fashioned
- Butlins attempted to rebrand itself in the 1980s by developing 'themed worlds'
- upmarket versions of holiday camps began to open- Center Parks in the 80s
- seaside resorts built large leisure complexes
- Beach resorts attempted to clean up their environment- Blue Flag scheem
143
Describe the development of hiking, cycling and camping holidays in the early 20th century
1930s saw developments in these types of breaks
1930- Youth Hostel Association by established- provided cheap accommodation
cycling clubs became popular
144
Describe theatres at the start of the 20th century
attracted middle-class crowds. A more formal place of entertainment. Seated in rows
144
What kinds of entertainment influenced people's lives up to 1945? (3 factors)
- theatres and music halls
- social activities provided by the church
- pubs and institutes
144
What are some reasons for the growth in the popularity of cinema in the 20th century?
- the novelty of new technology, a moving picture, was appealing
- was a form of social entertainment
- ticket prices were cheap
- films provided a form of escapism (the attempt to avoid reality by indulging in pleasurable fantasies)
144
When was the 'golden age' of cinema?
1930s
over half the UK population went to the cinema at least once a week
144
What were some impacts of the radio in the 20th century?
entertained- allowing people to listen to popular music in their own homes
encouraged families to socialise- would gather around the radio
it became international
vital source of information- especially during WW2
Listen to live sporting events
144
What were 2 major developments in entertainment in the 1950s and 1960s?
TV
Pop music
144
Describe the structure of the music industry
Musicians compose and perform
companies create and sell music- eg Sony
people who promote
people who broadcast music
music journalists and magazines
144
Describe the development of pop concerts for good causes
1970s- Rock against Racism
1985- live Aid concert
comic and sports relief continues today
144
What are some impacts of TV?
- provides home entertainment
- can be influential and persuasive
- Can impact life style -'couch potatoes'
- Allows people to keep up to date with news and current affairs
- bad language, violence and sexual content can have an effect on people
- Can provide education
144
Describe the development of computers, interactive gaming and the internet
- 1980s- nintendo
- The internet has had a dramatic impact on entertainment, providing instant communication via email and social networking sites
144
What are spa towns?
a town where water comes out of the ground and people come to drink it or lie in it because they think it will improve their health
144
Give an example of a spa town
Bath
144
What and when was the holiday with pay act?
1938- a legal requirement for all employers to provide holiday with pay
144
Describe the greater use of charabancs and private cars in the early 20th century
developments in road transport opened up new destinations
people had more chance to explore the countryside
for less wealthy, the motorbike provided a cheaper method of transport
144
What are some new tourist attractions?
- themeparks- eg Thorpe Park- Surry
- Country parks and nature trails- Millennium coastal Park, Llanelli
- Heritage centres and museums- eg Ironbridge, shropshire- a collection of museums relating to the industrial revolution
144
How have trends in holiday patterns changed or stayed similar?
25% of British people holidayed abroad in 2012, a figure which matched that of 1970
holidays used to last longer and cost more
Holiday destinations have changed with certain 'hot spots' developing at different times. in the 70s, Majorca and Ibiza were very popular. Now, cities like Barcelona and Amsterdam are popular for short breaks
now it is easier to book flights, hotels and excursions due to sophisticated advertising and competition between travel firms
holiday companies have begun to target specific groups
It has become more popular to have more than one holiday a year (multi holidays)
144
Describe the impact of environmental concerns of travel
there are attempts to reduces the carbon footprint of tourism
-eg ecotourism- offering locally sourced food, using solar energy
144
How have theme parks beenimportant in the development of the British tourism industry?
- offer an exciting alternative holiday experience
- compete with each other, building even more exciting rides and attractions
- Help keep the British holiday industry alive and allows the fight back against the appeal of overseas holidays
