Topic 3//Communicable disease/ Viral and fungal/Protist and Bacterial/Preventing disease

Question 1

What are pathogens

Answer 1

Microorganisms that enter the body and cause a disease

Question 2

What can a pathogen be

Answer 2

bacteria, viruses, protists or fungi

Question 3

What are bacteria and how does it make you feel ill

Answer 3

small living cells which can reproduce rapidly inside your body and make you feel ill by producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues

Question 4

What are 3 facts about Protists

Answer 4

1. Protists are single celled eukaryote
2. some protists are parasites
3. parasites live on or inside other organisms and can cause then damage and are often transferred to organisms by a vector

Question 5

What are 4 facts about Fungi

Answer 5

1. some fungi are single celled
2. other fungi have a body which is made up of Hyphae
3. These hyphae can grow and penetrate human skin and the surface or plants causing diseases
4. The hyphae can produce spores which can be spread to other plants and animals

Question 6

What are the three ways pathogens can be spread and explain how

Answer 6

1. Water
   some pathogens can be picked up from drinking or bathing in dirty water
2. Air
   pathogens can be carries in the air and can then be breathed in
3. Direct Contact
   some pathogens can be picked up by touching contaminated surfaces

Question 7

What are the 3 Viral diseases

Answer 7

1. Measles
2. HIV
3. TMV

Question 8

4 facts about Measles

Answer 8

1. Spread by droplets from infected persons sneeze or cough
2. ppl with measles develop red skin rash and signs of fever
3. can be very serious or even fatal if any complications
4. most ppl are vaccinated against measles when young

Question 9

4 facts about HIV

Answer 9

1. Spread by sexual contact or by exchanging bodily fluids such as blood
2. Causes flu-like symptoms for few weeks
3. HIV can be controlled with antiretroviral drugs which stops virus replicating in body
4. The virus attacks immune system so if immune system is badly damaged, it cant cope with other infections or cancers

Question 10

3 facts about TMV

Answer 10

1. Is a virus that affects many species of plants
2. It cause a mosaic pattern on the leaves of the plant and parts of leaves become discoloured
3. the discolouration means the plant cant carry out photosynthesis so virus affects growth

Question 11

name one fungal disease

Answer 11

Rose black spots

Question 12

4 facts about Rose black spots

Answer 12

1. is fungus that causes purple or black spots to develop on leaves of rose plants and leaves can then turn yellow and drop off
2. less photosynthesis so affects growth
3. it spreads through environment in water or by wind
4. can be treated using fungicides and stripping the plant of its affected leaves

Question 13

5 facts about Malaria

Answer 13

1. Is a disease caused by a protist
2. part of its life cycle takes place in mosquitos which are vectors
3. Every time mosquito feeds on an animal, it infects it by inserting protist in its blood vessels
4. causes fever and can be fatal
5. ppl can be protected form mosquitos using insecticides and mosquito nets

Question 14

What are 2 bacterial disease

Answer 14

Salmonella and Gonorrhea

Question 15

4 facts about salmonella

Answer 15

1. type of bacteria that causes food poisoning
2. symptoms are fever, stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
3. The symptoms are caused by the toxins that the bacteria produces
4. you can get salmonella by eating contaminated food with salmonella bacteria

Question 16

3 facts about gonorrhoea

Answer 16

1. Is a STD which is passed by sexual contact
2. Symptoms are pain when urinating or thick yellow discharge from private parts
3. to prevent this, ppl can be treated with antibiotics and should use barrier methods e.g. condoms