Topic 3 - Membranes & Integumentary System

Question 1

A sheet of tissue covering or lining a part of the body.

Answer 1

Membrane

Question 2

A membrane that is epithelial tissue with an underlying connective tissue layer.

Answer 2

Epithelial Membrane

Question 3

What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?

Answer 3

1) Mucous
2) Serous
3) Cutaneous

Question 4

A type of epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity that opens directly to the exterior. It is epithelium with a connective tissue base. It functions as protection and absorption.

Answer 4

Mucous (aka. Mucosa)

Question 5

A type of epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity that does not open directly to the exterior and also covers organs within the cavity. Simple squamous epithelium secretes serous fluid for lubrication.

Answer 5

Serous

Question 6

What are the 2 layers of serous membranes?

Answer 6

1) Parietal
2) Visceral

Question 7

The layer of a serous membrane that lines the cavity wall.

Answer 7

Parietal

Question 8

The layer of a serous membrane that covers and adheres to organs in the cavity.

Answer 8

Visceral

Question 9

A type of epithelial membrane consisting of the dermis and epidermis.

Answer 9

Cutaneous (aka. Skin)

Question 10

A membrane that lines freely movable joint cavities and does not open to the exterior. There is no epithelium, but instead is made up of synoviocytes with a CT base.

Answer 10

Synovial Membrane

Question 11

Fluid that lubricates and nourishes joint cartilage. Contains macrophages that help fight infections and clean up within the joint cavity.

Answer 11

Synovial Fluid

Question 12

A system with functions that include protection, thermoregulation, blood reservoir, excretion and vitamin synthesis.

Answer 12

Integumentary System

Question 13

What are the 3 structural components of the integumentary system from superficial to deep?

Answer 13

1) Epidermis
2) Dermis
3) Subcutaneous Tissue

Question 14

A superficial layer of stratified squamous epithelium that is avascular and part of the integumentary system.

Answer 14

Epidermis

Question 15

Some different types of _________ cells include:
- Keratinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Langerhans Cells
- Merkel Cells

Answer 15

Epidermal

Question 16

A type of epidermal cell that produces keratin and the deeper cells are constantly dividing. Makes up majority of epidermal cells.

Answer 16

Keratinocytes

Question 17

A type of epidermal cell that produces melanin, which protects cells from UV radiation and gives your skin its colour/tone.

Answer 17

Melanocytes

Question 18

A type of epidermal cell that is responsible for recognizing foreign and harmful antigens, along with helping to remove them.

Answer 18

Langerhans Cells

Question 19

A type of epidermal cell that is involved in the sensation of touch.

Answer 19

Merkel Cells

Question 20

What are the 5 epidermal layers from superficial to deep?

Answer 20

1) Stratum Corneum
2) Stratum Lucidum
3) Stratum Granulosum
4) Stratum Spinosum
5) Stratum Basale

Question 21

The most superficial epidermal layer consisting of flat, dead keratinocytes that are shed.

Answer 21

Stratum Corneum

Question 22

An epidermal layer consisting of flat, dead keratinocytes that are clear-coloured.

Answer 22

Stratum Lucidum

Question 23

An epidermal layer in which the cells are dying.

Answer 23

Stratum Granulosum

Question 24

An epidermal layer that provides strength and flexibility to the skin.

Answer 24

Stratum Spinosum

Question 25

The deepest epidermal layer consisting of a single row of keratinocytes anchored to the basement membrane. It undergoes continuous mitosis.

Answer 25

Stratum Basale (aka. Germinativum)

Question 26

A connective tissue layer made up of collagen and elastin, separating the epidermis and underlying adipose layer. Contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat/oil glands and hair. It is part of the integumentary system.

Answer 26

Dermis

Question 27

Touch receptors found in the dermis.

Answer 27

Meissner Corpuscles

Question 28

Structures that sense pain and temperature found in the dermis.

Answer 28

Free Nerve Endings

Question 29

Structures that sense pressure and vibration in the dermis.

Answer 29

Pacinian Corpuscles

Question 30

Areolar and adipose tissue that serves as a shock absorber/insulator in the integumentary system.

Answer 30

Subcutaneous Tissue (aka Hypodermis)

Question 31

A substance in the body that hair, eye and skin pigmentation (e.g. pale yellow, tan, black).

Answer 31

Melanin

Question 32

Yellow-orange skin tone indicates the presence of ________.

Answer 32

Carotene

Question 33

Red/pink skin tone indicates the presence of __________.

Answer 33

Hemoglobin

Question 34

Redness or erythema is an indication of an ____________ response.

Answer 34

Inflammatory

Question 35

Blue skin tone is an indication of ________.

Answer 35

Cyanosis

Question 36

Blue/black skin tone indicates ___ bruising.

Answer 36

New

Question 37

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

Answer 37

Jaundice

Question 38

Yellow/green skin tone indicates ___ bruising.

Answer 38

Old

Question 39

The portion of hair that projects beyond the skin surface.

Answer 39

Shaft

Question 40

The part of the hair deep to the shaft that penetrates into the dermis.

Answer 40

Root

Question 40

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

Answer 40

Jaundice

Question 41

The portion surrounding the hair root, which produces dead keratinized cells.

Answer 41

Follicle

Question 42

The muscle that contracts to pull the hair upright.

Answer 42

Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 43

The component that lubricates the hair.

Answer 43

Sebaceous Glands

Question 44

Some different functions of ____ include: - Protection & filtration - Thermoregulation - Sensation

Answer 44

Hair

Question 45

Glands that exist all over the skin (expect for the palms/soles) that secrete oil.

Answer 45

Sebaceous (aka. Oil) Glands

Question 46

A substance that keeps the skin moist, prevents hair from becoming dry/brittle and kills surface bacteria.

Answer 46

Sebum

Question 47

Glands that release sweat through pores and sometimes hair follicles. Function in thermoregulation and waste removal.

Answer 47

Sudoriferous (aka. Sweat) Glands

Question 48

Glands found in the external ear that produce ear wax.

Answer 48

Ceruminous Glands

Question 49

Substance that helps prevent foreign bodies from entering the ear.

Answer 49

Cerumen

Question 50

Hardened plates of tightly packed, hard, dead and keratinized epidermal cells. Functions include protection, small object manipulation, scratching and health status information.

Answer 50

Nails

Question 51

Damages the skin from acute overexposure by damaging the DNA, collagen and elastic fibres.

Answer 51

Sun

Question 51

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

Answer 51

Jaundice

Question 52

Causes collagen fibres in the skin to decrease in number and become dysfunctional. Elastin loses its elasticity, fibroblasts decrease in number and skin becomes thinner.

Answer 52

Aging