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ORAL PHYSIOLOGY > Topic 4 (Saliva) > Flashcards

Topic 4 (Saliva) Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

A dilute aqueous solution , a solvent, with organic and inorganic contents

A

Salivary Secretion

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2
Q

What are the functions of Salivary Secretion:

A
  1. Bolus formation
  2. Food lubrication for easy swallowing and
    speech production
  3. Maintain good oral health – most important
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3
Q

What is the most important function of salivary secretion?

A

Maintain Good Oral Health

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4
Q

What are the other functions of saliva:

A
  1. Secrete nerve growth factor
  2. Secrete vasoactive peptides
  3. Secrete regulatory peptides
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5
Q

What is saliva’s important role in the alimentary tract?

A

Protect the teeth & buccal mucosa from bacterial attack

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6
Q

What are the Major Functions of the Saliva:

A
  • Lubrication
  • Digestion
  • Solvent Action
  • Antibacterial Action
  • Antifungal Action
  • Buffering Action
  • Remineralization
  • Temperature Regulation
  • Production of Growth Factors & Other Regulatory Peptides
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7
Q

Dry mouth

A

Xerostomia

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8
Q

Xerostomia (dry mout ) will cause bad odor because without saliva, bacteria will act on food debris causing it to decompose

A

Buffering Action of Saliva

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9
Q

It will cause bad odor because without saliva, bacteria will act on food debris causing it to decompose

A

Xerostomia

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10
Q

The bacterial products will not be diluted and ____ is lost , thus increase in caries.

A

buffering action of saliva

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11
Q

A digestive enzyme responsible for the initial breakdown of starch and glycogen

A

Salivary Amylase

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12
Q

It has the highest concentration in saliva

A

Salivary Amylase

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13
Q

Remains active in the stomach because it is
protected inside the food bolus.

A

Salivary Amylase

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14
Q

Secreted by the lingual salivary glands (Von Ebner’s glands)

A

Salivary Lipase

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15
Q

Responsible for the first step in fat digestion

A

Salivary Lipase

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16
Q

Important in fat digestion

A

Salivary Lipase

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17
Q

Is active inside the stomach’s pH

A

Salivary Lipase

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18
Q

In 1 day ____ to ____ of fluid is produced

A

0.5 to 0.75

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19
Q

In 1 day, some salivary components are from
____ while some are synthesized in the salivary glands.

A

blood plasma

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20
Q

In 1 day, some salivary components are from blood plasma while some are synthesized in the ____.

A

salivary glands

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21
Q

Most of the fluid is ____ and ____ by the gut.

A

swallowed and reabsorbed

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22
Q

Most of the fluid is swallowed and reabsorbed by the ____.

A

gut

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23
Q

What are the three main salivary gland:

A
  • Parotid gland
  • Submaxillary (submandibular) gland
  • Sublingual gland.
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24
Q

The 3 main salivary glands; they secrete ____% of total saliva

A

90%

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25
What are the other salivary glands:
- Lingual salivary glands found in the tongue (called Von Ebner’s glands) - Labial glands, Palatine glands, Buccal glands (cheek)
26
Other Lingual salivary glands found in the tongue is called ____.
Vin Ebner's Glands
27
cheek
Buccal Glands
28
Composition of Saliva Made of:
- Ions - Organic Components - Water (99%)
29
chloride, bicarbonate are examples of:
Anions
30
sodium, potassium are examples of:
Cations
31
What are other electrolytes that are included:
- calcium phosphate - fluoride - thiocyanate - magnesium sulfate - iodine
32
Anions and Cations are derived from ____.
Blood Plasma
33
Important because it is the chief butter of saliva.
Bicarbonate
33
Caries occur due to low pH of saliva.
Bicarbonate
34
Caries occur due to ____ of saliva.
low pH
35
if the saliva pH is lowered (acidic) it will decalcify teeth, resulting to ____.
caries
36
if the saliva pH is lowered (acidic) it will ____.
decalcify teeth, resulting to caries.
37
if the saliva pH is lowered it is ____.
Acidic
38
The concentration of the ____ in saliva increases with the flow rate of saliva
bicarbonate
39
Increased flow rate of saliva =
Increased Bicarbonate
40
Increased Bicarbonate =
increased pH
41
increased pH =
resulting to alkaline saliva
42
Alkaline saliva =
Less dental caries
43
As the rate of salivary flow increases, the % of ____ also increases.
salts
44
As the rate of salivary flow increases, the % of salts also increases.
Heidenhain's Law
45
As salivary flow increases, the composition of saliva also changes.
Heidenhain's Law
46
As salivary flow increases, the composition of saliva also ____.
changes
47
But not all components will increase. - Sodium (Na+) - Potassium (K+)
- Sodium (Na+) increases - Potassium (K+) decreases
48
Cells found in the secretory unit of the salivary gland, lies close to the acini & intercalated ducts.
Myoepithelial Cells
49
The cytoplasm of the myoepithelial cell contains ____ capable of contraction.
filaments
49
Innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers
Myoepithelial Cells
50
Activation of the ANS causes these cells to contract, thus saliva will be expelled from salivary glands.
Myoepithelial Cells
51
Activation of the ANS causes these cells to ____, thus saliva will be expelled from salivary glands.
contract
52
Peripheral reflex phenomenon
Stimulation of Afferent Nerves
53
Can cause the release of saliva
Stimulation of Afferent Nerves
54
Different tastes can also induce saliva to flow when placed on the tongue.
Stimulation of Afferent Nerves
55
____ can also induce saliva to flow when placed on the tongue.
Different tastes
56
The most effective taste of which is:
sour taste particularly citric acid
57
control its flow
Autonomic nerves
58
exerted by saliva is lower than serum
Osmotic pressure (tonicity)
59
____ increases as flow rate of saliva increases
Tonicity
60
Saliva contains potassium ions ____ to ____ times the concentration of serum potassium.
2 to 10
61
Saliva in many animals contains a high level of the ____ and other macromolecules.
digestive amylase
62
It is made of numerous secretory units which is made of:
1. Intercalated duct 2. Acinus 3. Striated duct 4. Excretory duct
63
Saliva forms at the ____ where the acini is located
proximal end of the duct
64
Acini is located at the ____.
proximal end of the duct
65
The acini is made of ____.
acinar cells
66
the main bulk of the salivary gland
acinar cells
67
cells which surrounds the acini & intercalated ducts. These cells have filaments which have contractile properties
Myoepithelial cells
68
What are the other structure in the Salivary Gland:
- Myoepithelial cells - Blood Supply - Nerve Supply
69
Saliva’s Organic Components Function:
1. Enzymatic function 2. Coating of tissue surfaces 3. Protection of dental tissues 4. Control of tissue growth
70
All oral soft tissues are coated with ____, which traps ____, which binds strongly to ____ thus ____ is formed.
All oral soft tissues are coated with mucous glycoproteins, which traps bacteria, which binds strongly to tooth surface thus enamel pellicle is formed.
71
Decrease flow of saliva =
decrease buffering effect
72
decrease buffering effect =
increase caries
73
Occurs when food is placed in the mouth
Salivary Reflexes
74
Occurs even when mouth is anesthesized
Salivary Reflexes
75
This reflex is due to stimulation of periodontal receptors & taste receptors
Salivary Reflexes

ORAL PHYSIOLOGY (10 decks)

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